1、ContentsPart 1基础巩固基础巩固Part 2重点突破重点突破Part 3语法归纳语法归纳Part 4写作指导写作指导Part 1基础巩固基础巩固1._ n.宇航员；太空人宇航员；太空人 2._ n.程序；步骤；手续程序；步骤；手续3._ n.火箭；火箭弹火箭；火箭弹 4._ n.重力；引力重力；引力5._ n.边境；国界；边远地区边境；国界；边远地区 6._ n.交通工具；车辆交通工具；车辆7._ n.人造卫星；卫星人造卫星；卫星 8._ vt.&n.发射；发起；上市发射；发起；上市astronautprocedurerocketgravityfrontiervehiclesate
2、llitelaunch9._ n.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围 vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕沿轨道运行；环绕运行运行10._ n.人类人类 11._ n.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处12._ n.pl.资料；数据资料；数据13._ n.渴望；欲望渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望渴望；期望14._ vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号标志着；标明；发信号 n.信号；标志信号；标志15._ vt.回收利用；再利用回收利用；再利用 16._ n.肌肉；实力；影响力肌肉；实力；影响力17._ n.缺乏；短缺缺乏
3、；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏没有；缺乏 18._ adv.否则；要不然否则；要不然orbitmankindagencydatadesiresignalrecyclemusclelackotherwise19._ prep.在更远处；超出在更远处；超出 20._ adj.热衷的；渴望的热衷的；渴望的21._ adj.当前的；现在的当前的；现在的 n.水流；电流；思潮水流；电流；思潮22._ adj.足够的；充足的足够的；充足的 23._ n.毛巾，抹布毛巾，抹布24._ n.纸巾；纸巾；（人、动植物细胞的）组织（人、动植物细胞的）组织25._ n.设施；设备设施；设备 26._ adj.肤浅的；浅的
4、肤浅的；浅的27._ n.模式；图案；模范模式；图案；模范28._ n.监视器；监测仪监视器；监测仪 vt.监视；监测；监控监视；监测；监控beyondkeencurrentsufficienttoweltissuefacilityshallowpatternmonitor29._ n.资源；财力；物力资源；财力；物力30._ vt.系；绑；贴系；绑；贴31._ n.氧；氧气氧；氧气32._ adj.巨大的；伟大的巨大的；伟大的 n.巨人；巨兽；伟人巨人；巨兽；伟人33._ vi.&vt.跳过；跃过跳过；跃过 n.跳跃；剧增；剧变跳跃；剧增；剧变34._ adj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发
5、展的持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的35._ adj.致命的；灾难性的致命的；灾难性的36._ n.枕头枕头resourceattachoxygengiantleapongoingfatalpillow1._ adj.精神的；思想的精神的；思想的 _ adv.精神上，智力上精神上，智力上2._ adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 _ n.智慧；智力智慧；智力3._ vt.查明；确定；决定查明；确定；决定 _ n.失望失望 _ adj.有决心的；意志坚定的有决心的；意志坚定的mentalmentallyintelligentintelligencedetermined
6、etermination4._ n.地球；世界；地球仪地球；世界；地球仪 _ adj.全球的全球的globedeterminedglobal4._ adj.失望的；沮丧的失望的；沮丧的 _ adj.令人失望的令人失望的 _ n.失望失望 _ vt.使失望使失望6._ n.宇宙；天地万物宇宙；天地万物 _ adj.普普遍的；全世界的；共同的遍的；全世界的；共同的universedisappointed5._ adj.独立的；自立的独立的；自立的 _ adv.独立地；自立地独立地；自立地 _ n.独立独立disappointingdisappointmentdisappointindependen
7、tindependentlyindependenceuniversal7._ vt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论论证；争辩；争论 _ n.论证；论点；争吵论证；论点；争吵8._ adj.定期的；经常的；正常的定期的；经常的；正常的 _ adv.经常；定期地经常；定期地regularregularly9._ adj.有限的有限的 _ vt.限制；限定限制；限定 n.界限；限度界限；限度 _ adj.无限的无限的limited10._ n.神秘事物；谜神秘事物；谜 _ adj.神秘的神秘的11._ n.分析；分析结果分析；分析结果 _ v.分析，解析分析，解析argueargumentlimitlim
8、itlessmysterymysteriousanalysisanalyse1._ 继续做，坚持干继续做，坚持干2._ 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上3._ 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白 4._ 导致；造成导致；造成5._ 所以；结果（是）所以；结果（是）6._ 提供生活所需提供生活所需7._ 最后最后8._ 用完；耗尽用完；耗尽9._ 抱着抱着的希望的希望10._ 为了；以便为了；以便carry on on boardfigure out result inas a result provide for sb.in closing run out i
9、n the hope of doing sth.so as to(do sth)1.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe never died.(P41)make sb.+adj.(作宾语补足语作宾语补足语)2.For example,using current technology,it would take over two years to get to the closest planet,Mars,and back.(P42)It takes(
10、sb.)some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间做某事花费某人多长时间Part 2重点突破重点突破1.intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的；有智力的有智慧的，聪明的；有智力的 First of all,you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.(P39)intelligence n.智力；聪明智力；聪明【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)人类比动物聪明得多。人类比动物聪明得多。2)他的智力一般但学习刻苦。他的智力一般但学习刻苦。Human beings are much
11、 more intelligent than animals.He has ordinary intelligence but studies hard.2.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe never died.(P41)disappointed adj.失望的失望的;沮丧的沮丧的【语境应用语境应用】Why was the young man so _ in himself?Because he had too many failures.A.di
12、sappointed B.surprised C.interested D.exciteddesire to do sth.渴望做某事渴望做某事 desire sb.to do sth.desire+that 从句从句(谓语常用谓语常用should+动词原形，动词原形，should可省可省)desire n.愿望，渴望愿望，渴望 v.希望得到，想要希望得到，想要【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)We all _ _ _ _(想要幸福和想要幸福和健康健康).2)I have long _ _ _ _(渴望见到渴望见到他们他们).3)As far as I know,he _ _ _ _
13、 _(对财富无欲望对财富无欲望).4)Tom told me that they _ _ _ _ _(要我快点回来要我快点回来).desire happiness and healthdesired to see them has no desire for wealth desired me to return soon3.signal v.标志；给信号，打手势标志；给信号，打手势 This signalled one step further in Chinas plan to establish a space station in the future.(P41)n.信号；信号；手势手
14、势【语境应用语境应用】写出单词的词性及释义。写出单词的词性及释义。1)She made a signal with her arm for a left turn._2)The general signalled to his officials for the attack to begin._3)The event signalled a change in public opinions._n.手势手势v.给信号，打手势给信号，打手势v.标志标志4.lack n.缺乏；短缺缺乏；短缺 vt.没有没有;缺乏缺乏 Astronauts bones and muscles can get ve
15、ry weak in space due to the lack of gravity(P42)for lack of 因缺乏因缺乏a lack of 缺乏缺乏lack+n.缺乏缺乏lack for+n.需求；需要（多用于否定句）需求；需要（多用于否定句）lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in 缺少缺少【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Though _(lack)money,his parents managed to send him to a university.2)Health problems are closely connecte
16、d with bad eating habits and _(缺乏锻炼缺乏锻炼).3)_(由于缺乏足够的训练由于缺乏足够的训练),we will have great trouble in winning the coming match.(2019全国全国II)lackinga lack of exerciseFor lack of enough training/Lacking enough training/As we lack enough training5.argue v.论证；争辩，争论论证；争辩，争论 Some people argue that we should stop
17、wasting time and money exploring space.(P44)argument n.论点，论据；争辩论点，论据；争辩argue for/against sth.据理力争据理力争/反对某事反对某事【语境应用语境应用】用用argue的相关词汇的相关词汇翻译翻译句子。句子。1)你们两个在争辩什么呢？你们两个在争辩什么呢？2)他的行为表明他是一个友好的人。他的行为表明他是一个友好的人。3)这是反对吸烟的有力论据。这是反对吸烟的有力论据。What are you two arguing about?His behavior/What he does argues that he
18、 is a friendly man.Its a powerful argument against smoking.6.limited adj.有限的有限的 people realize that our planets resources are limited.(P44)limit.to.把把限制在限制在范围内范围内be limited to.局限于局限于a time/speed/age limit 时间时间/速度速度/年龄限制年龄限制within limits 在某种程度上在某种程度上;有一定限制有一定限制set a limit on 对对加以限制加以限制beyond the limi
19、t 超过限度超过限度vt.n.limit vt.限定限定,限制限制 n.限制限制,限度限度limitation n.限制；控制限制；控制【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)My wife and I _(定了一个限额定了一个限额)on how much we spend on clothes.2)I _ two cups of coffee a day.我一天只允许自己喝两杯咖啡。我一天只允许自己喝两杯咖啡。3)They told us that we could do whatever we liked,_(在一定限度内在一定限度内).4)门票数量有限。门票数量有限。There ar
20、e only a limited number of tickets available.set a limitlimit myself towithin(certain)limits7.provide v.提供，供应，供给提供，供应，供给 In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population(P44)provide for sb.提供生活所需提供生活所需provide,offer,supplyprovide 提供所需物，生活必需品。提供所需物，生活必需品。provide sth.for sb./provide sb.with
21、 sth.offer提供帮助、服务或向往之物。常接动词不定式作宾提供帮助、服务或向往之物。常接动词不定式作宾语，或双宾语。语，或双宾语。offer sb.sth.或或offer sth.to sb.supply供给所需或所要求之物，范围更广。供给所需或所要求之物，范围更广。supply sb.with sth./supply sth.to/for sb.。【语境应用语境应用】用用provide/offer/supply完成句子。完成句子。1)Annas school _ her a very good chance last year.2)Can you _ fifteen rooms for
22、 thirty people?3)That company _ paper to the printers.offeredprovidesupplies8.attach vt.系；绑；贴系；绑；贴 While sleeping,they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.(P46)attach to 把把固定在固定在上上attach great importance/significance to 认为认为有重要性有重要性/意义意义attached adj.依恋的依恋的be attached
23、 to 附属于；依恋附属于；依恋【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)This hospital _(attach)to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood.2)To be honest,a lot of people attach great importance to _(become)rich and famous.3)It is high time that the country should _ _(是国家高度重是国家高度重视节能和环保的时候了视节能和环保的时候了).attachedbecomingatt
24、ach great importanceto energy saving and environmental protection1.be curious about 对对感到好奇；想要知道感到好奇；想要知道 The audience is curious about how Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut.(P38)be curious to do sth.很想做某事很想做某事 It is curious that 真奇怪真奇怪curiosity n.好奇心好奇心out of curiosity 出于好奇出于好奇with curio
25、sity 好奇地好奇地curiously adv.好奇地好奇地【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)Carl如此好奇，问了我一个又一个问题。如此好奇，问了我一个又一个问题。2)Edison小时候对一切事物都感到好奇。小时候对一切事物都感到好奇。Carl was so curious that he asked me questions one after another.When Edison was a child,he was curious about everything.3)这个男孩想知道包里有什么，所以出于好奇，他打开了它并这个男孩想知道包里有什么，所以出于好奇，他打开了它并
26、看到了里面的东西，这满足了他的好奇心。看到了里面的东西，这满足了他的好奇心。The boy was curious to know what the bag contained,so out of curiosity,he opened it and saw the things inside,which satisfied his curiosity.determined adj.有决心的，意志坚定的有决心的，意志坚定的determine v.决心，决定决心，决定2.be determined to do 下定决心做下定决心做 However,some scientists were det
27、ermined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.(P40)【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)调查人员在设法弄清事故的原因。调查人员在设法弄清事故的原因。Investigators are trying to determine the cause of the accident.2)他决定马上就离开这个城市。他决定马上就离开这个城市。He determined to leave the city at once.3)这一次，她下定决心一定要减肥成功。这一次，她下定决心一定要减肥成功。She was determi
28、ned to lose weight successfully this time.4)他爸爸决定努力戒烟。他爸爸决定努力戒烟。His father made a determined effort to quit smoking.carry on with sth.carry on doing sth.=go on with 继续做某事继续做某事carry out 实行；执行；进行；履行（诺言、义务等）实行；执行；进行；履行（诺言、义务等）3.carry on 继续做，坚持干继续做，坚持干 This is because people believe in the importance of
29、 carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.(P41)【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Youll have an accident _(如如果你再继续像那样开车果你再继续像那样开车).2)First of all,the most significant thing is to set a goal,work out a plan and _(执行你的计划执行你的计划)step by step.if you carry on driving like that carry out your plan【语境应用语境应用】
30、翻译句子。翻译句子。1)_(虚心使人进步虚心使人进步),conceit makes one lag behind.2)你在这个学期取得了很大的进步。你在这个学期取得了很大的进步。You have made great progress this term.4.make progress 取得进步；进展取得进步；进展 Chinas space programme started later than those of Russia and the US,but it has made great progress in a short time.(P41)Modesty helps one to
31、 make progress 5.so as to(do sth.)为了，以便为了，以便 In space,astronauts collect all dirty water so as to recycle it for later use.(P42)【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。I always keep fruit in the fridge _ (以防虫子以防虫子).so as to keep insects off it6.result in 导致，导致，引起某种结果，使获得某种成果引起某种结果，使获得某种成果 as a result 所以；结果是所以；结果是 It ha
32、s directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.As a result,space-based science has helped farming(P44)result from 由由造成，因造成，因而产生而产生as a result 所以，结果所以，结果as a result of 由于由于的结果的结果without result 没有结果；白费没有结果；白费【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)他的粗心导致了他的失败。他的粗心导致了他的失败。His carelessness resulted in hi
33、s failure.2)他犯了一个大错误，因此失去了工作。他犯了一个大错误，因此失去了工作。He made one big mistake,and as a result he lost his job./He lost his job as a result of one big mistake.3)疾病通常是由缺乏睡眠引起的。疾病通常是由缺乏睡眠引起的。Sickness often results from lack of sleep.run out,give out,run out of&use uprun out和和give out:不及物短语动词，常由物作主语不及物短语动词，常由物作
34、主语(钱、食钱、食物、耐心、燃料等物、耐心、燃料等)，无被动语态。，无被动语态。e.g.His patience has run out.After a month their food supplies gave out.run out of 和和use up:及物短语动词，主语常是人。及物短语动词，主语常是人。e.g.We are running out of water.We used up all the bread at breakfast.7.run out 用完用完,耗尽；耗尽；(协议、文件等协议、文件等)失效失效,过期过期(无被动式无被动式)It is necessary to
35、 find a new home for people in space,as the resources on Earth will run out.(P45)完成句子。完成句子。1)All our supply of food has _ _.2)We are _ our gas.We cant go any farther.3)We waved until our arms _.4)His patience has completely _.run out/given out been run outrunning out of/using upgave outrun out/given
36、 outof/been used up1.make+sb/sth+adj.使某人某物怎么样使某人某物怎么样(做宾语补足语做宾语补足语)These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe never died.(P41)make sb.+宾语补足语的常见结构：宾语补足语的常见结构：make+宾语宾语+形容词形容词make+宾语宾语+domake+宾语宾语+done【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子。1)She let me understand that making
37、 others feel good made me _(feel)good too.2)She tried her best to make herself _(hear)clearly while delivering the speech.3)He failed in the final exam,which made his parents very _(disappoint).4)You must keep your eyes open if you are going to _ _(要使你要使你的英国之行愉快且值得的英国之行愉快且值得).feelhearddisappointedma
38、ke yourtrip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile2.It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间做某事花费某人多长时间 For example,using current technology,it would take over two years to get to the closest planet,Mars,and back.(P42)It takes/took(sb.)some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间做某事花费某人多长时间It takes s
39、th.To do sth.做某事需要做某事需要Spend some time doing sth.花费时间做某事花费时间做某事【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)It took him a long time _(acquire)the skills the needed to become a good dancer.(2018天津天津)2)Mrs.Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman.She spent a great deal of time _(visit)the poor.(2020新新高考全国卷高考全国卷I)3)To b
40、e honest,_(说实话说实话需要勇气需要勇气).to acquirevisitingit takes great courage to tell the truthPart 3语法归纳语法归纳一一、不定式作定语、不定式作定语(一般置于被修饰词之后作后置定语一般置于被修饰词之后作后置定语)1.有些名词后面常接不定式作定语，如有些名词后面常接不定式作定语，如ability,chance,desire,decision,effort,intention,need,opportunity,plan,promise,pressure,right,time,way等。等。如：如：After mont
41、hs of unemployment,all he asked for was a chance to earn his bread.动词不定式作定语和状语动词不定式作定语和状语2.被被only,last,next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语。用不定式作定语。如：如：The nine-year-old boy was the only one to have survived the crash.二、不定式作状语二、不定式作状语(可以表示目的、结果或原因等可以表示目的、结果或原因等)1.主语主语+be+adj.+to do sth.：不
42、定式常作原因状语，此类形容：不定式常作原因状语，此类形容词有词有happy,sorry,glad,excited,disappointed,shocked,satisfied,astonished等。等。如：如：They were glad to see their son taken good care of in the kindergarten.2.不定式还常用在不定式还常用在too.to结构、结构、enough及及only等后面作状语，等后面作状语，表示结果。表示结果。如：如：The box is too small to hold all these things I walked
43、all the way from home to the library,only to find it closed.3.不定式作目的状语既可放在句首也可放在句尾，不定式前可不定式作目的状语既可放在句首也可放在句尾，不定式前可加加in order或或so as。如：如：He had to earn enough money to support the family.In order to master English,you must spend much effort on it.成分成分用法用法例句例句定语定语 一般置于被一般置于被修饰词之后修饰词之后用作购置定用作购置定语。语。Sci
44、entists were determined to help humans realize their dream to explore space.Jessie got a new toy to play with.She has no friend to depend on.状语状语 可以表示目可以表示目的、结果或的、结果或原因等原因等Scientists work hard to find out the secrets of the universe.We were surprised to find that he had already left.You must be inte
45、lligent enough to get a related college degree.【语境应用语境应用】选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.It remains _ whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.A.seen B.to be seen C.seeing D.to see2._ the project as planned,well have to work two more hours a day.A.Completing B.Complete C.Completed D.To c
46、omplete3.If theres a lot of work _,Im happy to just keep on until it is finished.A.to do B.to be doing C.done D.doing 1.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 _(find)and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.(2020新课标全国新课标全国I)to find2.Agriculture gave people their first
47、 experience of the power of technology _(change)lives.(2020浙江浙江)to changeComplete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal _(achieve).One of the problems is that the trip would take a very long tim
48、e.For example,_(use)the current technology,it would take over two years _(get)to the closest planet,Mars,and back.Although light is the fastest thing _(know)in the universe,it could take more than four years to reach the nearest star system.to achieveusingto getknownWill scientists figure out a way
49、_(store)sufficient food and water for the long journey?Is it possible to travel faster than light?No one knows the answers yet.However,space scientists never give up.They are experimenting with growing crops in space so as _(help)astronauts get enough food on longer journeys through space.to storeto
50、 helpPart 4写作指导写作指导最近，你在某英文论坛上看到有网民发帖，声称他想最近，你在某英文论坛上看到有网民发帖，声称他想报名参加某机构组织的太空旅行，就此征求大家的意见。报名参加某机构组织的太空旅行，就此征求大家的意见。请你用英文回贴，表明你是否支持太空旅行并说明理由。请你用英文回贴，表明你是否支持太空旅行并说明理由。注意：词数注意：词数100左右。左右。_如何写议论文如何写议论文一、审题定调一、审题定调要求写议论文，针对要求写议论文，针对“是否支持太空旅行是否支持太空旅行”这一话题，提出自己这一话题，提出自己的见解和看法，并阐述自己的理由。议论文写作应注意：的见解和看法，并阐述自己
