1、Unit 1 People of achievementTo practice the vocabulary.To learn to use non-restrictive relative clauses.To make sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses.Write down the word that matches each definition.Then find the sentences containing these words in the text.1._ cook something in very hot
2、water2._ relating to plants3._ qualities or characteristics of somethingboilbotanicalproperty4._ a kind of substance that flows freely,such as water or milk5._ remove or take out,often with great effort6._ physical material that existsliquidextractsubstanceGuess the meaning of the underlined words.T
3、hen fill in the blanks with words that have the same roots.1.The two flowers are quite distinct from one another,so it is easy to make a _ between them.2.Scientists need to _how the new material stands up to wear and tear to prove how valuable it is.distinctionevaluate3.A talented scientist well kno
4、wn for his _ to his country,Huang Danian committed himself to his research in mitment4.A:Did you come to any conclusions?B:Yes,we _ that by drawing out the extract at a low temperature,we could find the substance that we needed to complete the experiment.concluded5.She spends a lot of time _ her pat
5、ients dreams.This analysis is very helpful,explaining their daily behavior very well.analyzingRead the passage about Lu Xun.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.Lu Xun,_ as one of the greatest modern writers in China,was born in Shaoxing,Zhejiang Province in 1881.In 1904
6、,he went to Japan and became a medical student,with the _ of improving peoples health and saving lives.acknowledgedobjectiveinsist,obtain,objective,acknowledge,apparently,crucialHowever,he changed his mind when he saw in a photo a Chinese man about to be killed by a Japanese soldier.It struck him th
7、at the other Chinese men in the photo _ did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen.From this,he concluded that the _ problem in China was not physical illness,but the spiritual illness of people at that time.apparentlycrucialinsist,obtain,objective,acknowledge,apparently,crucia
8、lFollowing this,he quit medical school.When he returned to China in 1908,he _ a teaching job.In 1917,a friend _ that he help write for a magazine called New Youth.That was how his first famous short story A Madmans Diary got published.obtainedinsist,obtain,objective,acknowledge,apparently,crucialins
9、istedl Combine the sentences,using relative clauses.l The doctor is making a speech.l The doctor is Zhong Nanshan.l The doctor who is making a speech is Zhong Nanshan.Restrictive relative clausesThe research is great.Tu Youyou is doing a research.The research which Tu Youyou is doing is great.uI rea
10、d a novel last night.uThe novel is interesting.uThe novel,which I read last night,is very interesting.non-restrictive relative clausesRead the following sentences and underline the relative clauses.Then name the two types of clauses and state their functions.1.They tested hundreds of Chinese medical
11、 treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.restrictive relative clauses2.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize,which is considered one of the highest international honors a person can receive.non-restrictive relative clauses3.Tu Youyou went to Hainan,where malaria was more comm
12、on,to study malaria patients.non-restrictive relative clauses4.Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered.non-restrictive relative clauses定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。一、非限制性定语从句 （non-restrictive relative clauses）形式不同形式不同限制性定语从句与其先行词关系密切，其间通常不用逗号隔开限制性定
13、语从句与其先行词关系密切，其间通常不用逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句与其先行词关系不密切，常用逗号隔开。，非限制性定语从句与其先行词关系不密切，常用逗号隔开。如：如：The number of people who/that own cars is increasing.I spoke to Dr.Smith just now,who is always ready to help others.作用不同作用不同限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，如果去掉会造成句意的不完限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，如果去掉会造成句意的不完整；整；非限制性定语从句对先行词是修饰，补充解释说明或对主句进行
14、评述，非限制性定语从句对先行词是修饰，补充解释说明或对主句进行评述，去掉不影响。如：去掉不影响。如：Franklin was the first man who discovered the nature of electricity.The driver,who was very young,had only just got his license.He has two sons,who are doctors.He has two sons who are doctors.I have a mom who is beautiful.I have a mom,who is beautifu
15、l.先行词不同先行词不同限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词，非限制性定限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词，非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词语从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词,也可以是主句的一也可以是主句的一部分或整个主句。如：部分或整个主句。如：He comes,which surprises me.（先行词为整个主句）（先行词为整个主句）关系词不同关系词不同非限制性定语从句不用非限制性定语从句不用that,why引导引导；非限制性定语从句中通常不省略非限制性定语从句中通常不省略关系词关系词。如：如：There were very few passengers that/who
16、 had escaped without serious injury.There were very few passengers,who had escaped without serious injury.Have you found the book(that/which)you want?关系副词或关系副词或“介词介词+which/whom”可引导限制性定语可引导限制性定语从句，也引导非限制性定语从句。如：从句，也引导非限制性定语从句。如：He was born in the year when/in which the war broke out.We are going to s
17、pend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou,where/in which my grandparents live.【语境应用】完成句子。【语境应用】完成句子。1)The foreign guests,_(who/that)were scientists,were warmly welcomed at the airport.2)My father bought me several books,none of _(which/that)I like to read.3)Is there anyone in your class _(which/whose)fa
18、mily is in the city?4)Football,_(which/that)is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.whowhichwhosewhich5)The students went to the hospital to see Miss Zhang,_(that/whom)they respect greatly.6)They went to the Royal Theatre,_ they saw the great show.7)The weather turned out to be very
19、good,_(which/that)was more than I had expected.8)There are 50 students in our class,half of _are girls.whomwherewhich whom二、as 与 which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句，修饰、指代整个主句。区别：1.as 译为“正如一样”；which译为“这”2.as 从句可置于主句之前，which从句不可。3.介词可以加which引导从句，as不可。4.the sameas，suchas 结构中，as引导限制性定从。is reported,the pop star will com
20、e to Wenzhou next month.The pop star will come to Wenzhou next month,is reported.It was the fourth time that he had got first prize,surprised all of us.He published so many books,some of are still popular.Look!He wears the same kind of shoes you do.Asaswhichwhichas as 常见搭配 as is known to all 众所周知众所周
21、知 as you know 正如你所知道的那样正如你所知道的那样 as is expected 正如所预料的那样正如所预料的那样 as we expected 正如我们所期待的正如我们所期待的 as has been mentioned above 正如上面所提到的正如上面所提到的 as is reported/said 正如正如报道报道/所所说的那样说的那样三、介词+关系代词（whom、which）Is this the car for which you paid a high price?She is the person with whom I talked.He brought th
22、e result with which the boss was satisfied.1.1.根据根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的习惯搭配确定介定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的习惯搭配确定介词词2.2.根据定语从句中的主要形容词与介词的搭配确定介词根据定语从句中的主要形容词与介词的搭配确定介词 He came to a farm,on which(where)he finally settled down.Do you still remember the day on which we met for the first time?Do you still remember the days d
23、uring which we worked together?3.根据先行词与介词的搭配确定介词。先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方式等的词，它与介词之间有一定的联系。介词+关系代词（whom、which）Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered.I bought many books yesterday,three/most of which(of which three/most)are written by Lu Xun.The factory produces half a mil
24、lion pairs of shoes every year,80%of which are sold abroad.The professor has two sons,both of whom are studying in the same university.先行词指人时关系词用whom，指物用which，在关系词前面前可有 some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few,three,several 等代词或数词来修饰。Rewrite the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses.H
25、ow do the sentences flow differently?The book tells us about Alexander Fleming.He discovered penicillin.The book tells us about Alexander Fleming,who discovered penicillin.1.We were very impressed by the old man.He was not willing to acknowledge defeat.We were very impressed by the old man,who was n
26、ot willing to acknowledge defeat.2.Afterwards,Einstein had to flee Germany.Hitler was in power there.Afterwards,Einstein had to flee Germany,where Hitler was in power.3.There is nothing we can do to help Linda.Her circumstances are beyond our control.There is nothing we can do to help Linda,whose ci
27、rcumstances are beyond our control.4.The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist,J.K.Rowling.It inspired us a lot.The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist,J.K.Rowling,which inspired us a lot.5.The building under construction was designed by I.M.Peia
28、 famous Chinese-American architect.He was born in Guangzhou,China.The building under construction was designed by I.M.Peia famous Chinese-American architect,who was born in Guangzhou,China.6.I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart.It was a big challenge for me.I was asked to
29、 explain the project with the help of a flow chart,which was a big challenge for me.Complete the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses to give extra information.Then share them with your group members.Id like to try,Id like to try that Chinese herbal medicine again,which seems to work bes
30、t for my cough.1.I would like to travel around,2.What impressed me most,3.My favorite scientist is,4.Finally we arrived at,5.My grandparents like going for outings in spring,6.I wish to obtain,7.My best friend,1.(2019浙江卷浙江卷语法填空语法填空)On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of cloth _ gives off ligh
31、t in the dark.2.(2019北京卷北京卷语法填空语法填空)The students benefiting most from college are those _are totally engaged(参与参与)in academic life.3.(2018全国全国I)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease a
32、nd early deaths from all causes.4.(2018全国全国II)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government started a soil-testing program_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers-and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.高考链接高考链接 that/whichwho/thatthat/whichw
33、ho/that5.(2015江苏江苏,21)The number of smokers,_is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.6.(2015湖南湖南,29)It is a truly delightful place,_looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.7.(2015浙江浙江,19)Creating an atmosphere in _employees feel p
34、art of a team is a big challenge.8.(2015重庆重庆,14)He wrote many childrens books,nearly half of_were published in the 1990s.9.(2015四川四川,3)The books on the desk,_ covers are shiny,are prizes for us.aswhichwhosewhichwhich限制性定语从句和单句的比较限制性定语从句和单句的比较11.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry.12.He fa
35、iled in the exam,_made his parents angry.13.He has two sons.Both of _ are teachers.14.He has two sons,both of _ are teachers.ThiswhichthemwhomWorkbook Using Structures 1 Some people always talk loudly in public,_ is really annoying.2 Mr Smith,_you spoke to,is our new professor.3 Please come back at
36、four oclock,_your herbal medicine will be ready.4 What do you want to write about these people,_stories I have just told you?who whom whichwhose when wherein/of/for which of whom1.Choose the words in the box to complete the sentences.whichwho/whomwhenwhoseUsing Structures 5 Have you been to the Louv
37、re Museum,_you can see the Mona Lisa on display?6 There are 45 students in our class,out_ only 10 are taking an optional art course.7 Her mother works in a company,_ employees are all women.8 It is vital to learn to use these software programmes,both _can help you with collection and evaluation.wher
38、e/in whichof whomin which/whereof whichWorkbook Using Structures 2 Decide whether the sentences are right or wrong.Correct them where necessary.1 Please write down these phrases,all of them will be useful in your writing.2 Asa consequence of sending in his application late,he did not get a patent fo
39、r his invention,that was not surprising at all.whichwhichWorkbook Using Structures3 The researchers are evaluating thousands of plants,which have distinct medical properties.4 The gentle old man is the only person,whom I can trust.5 Have you done all what you can to help the people in need?6 Is this
40、 the botanical institute where you visited last week?thatthatwhich/thatWorkbook Using Structures 3 Write a few sentences about some great people with the information given below.Use relative clauses.Song Qingling,who was Dr Sun Yat-sens wife and one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history,devot
41、ed her life to improving the welfare of women and children.Neil Armstrong,who was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969,said,“Thats a small step for(a)man,one giant leap for mankind.”Norman Bethune,who came to China in World War II,worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese people.Lu Xun was a leading figure of modern Chinese literature.Lu Xun Literary Prize,which is one of Chinas top four literary prizesis awarded every three years.Joan of Arc,who was a girl dressed as a man,went to fight for her country.She helped drive the English invaders out of France.
