1、Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Discover useful structures Underline the sentences in the text.An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton-this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of.We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive,but spring is coming,a
2、nd the ice will soon begin to melt.We have been struggling for days,but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse.PresentationPresent perfect continuous现在完成进行时1.现在完成进行时现在完成进行时表示动作从过去的某一时间 开始一直持续到现在，动作是否延续下去视 上下文而定。The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.一、用法中国有2000年的造纸历
3、史。动作还将继续下去动作还将继续下去这些天来他一直在给我们的杂志写文章。Tom had been phoning Alice every night for several months.几个月来，汤姆每天晚上都给艾丽斯打电话。2.表示从过去到现在的一段时间被反复进行 的动作或存在的状态。All these days he has been writing articles to our magazine.He was tired,he has been working all day.他累了，他整天都在工作。二、结构She has been burning the midnight oil
4、to prepare for GRE.We have been going to Seattle for a half a year.Ive been working with her for 20 years.例：S（主语）（主语）+have/has been doing三、现在完成时与现在完成进行时的 区别：在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时 表示动作仍在持续进行，而现在完成时则表表示动作仍在持续进行，而现在完成时则表 示动作在过去已结束。示动作在过去已结束。我们一直在打扫教室。我们把教室打扫过了。We have cleaned the class
5、room.We have been cleaning the classroom.I have lived here all my life.我一辈子一直住在这儿。表示暂时性的动作用完成进行时较好，表表示暂时性的动作用完成进行时较好，表 示长期的持续状态的动作用完成时较好。示长期的持续状态的动作用完成时较好。He has been staying with his uncle during the past two months.最近两个月他和他叔叔在一起。短暂性动作短暂性动作长期的持续状态长期的持续状态They have known each other since 1970.有些表示状态、
6、感情、感觉的动词如：有些表示状态、感情、感觉的动词如：have,exist,like,hear,know,sound等，不等，不 能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完 成时。成时。他们自从1970年就相识了。John has loved Mary since ten years ago.约翰爱了玛莉整整十年。I have not spoken English for two years.He has never seen a man like him.在否定句中一般用现在完成时而不用现在在否定句中一般用现在完成时而不用现在 完成进行时。完成进行时。I hav
7、e not been speaking English for two years.He has never been seeing a man like him.PracticeRead and rewrite the sentences using the present perfect continuous tense.1.The dog started to bark about two hours ago.I really hope it will stop soon._ _2.Steve started to play rugby at the age of eight.Now h
8、e has become a professional player._ _5.I tried to phone you this morning.I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here._ _2The dog has been barking for about two hours.I really hope it will stop soon.Steve has been playing rugby since the age of eight.Now he has become a professional pla
9、yer.I have been trying to phone you this morning.I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here.Read and rewrite the sentences using the present perfect continuous tense.3.Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat.He looks a little tired after playing table
10、tennis for two hours._ _ _ _4.Diane hasnt got much sleep this week.She looks terrible today._ _2Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat.He looks a little tired because he has been playing table tennis for two hours.Diane hasnt been sleeping well this week.She looks
11、terrible today.PracticeComplete the sentences below using the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.3 For the whole morning,the board of directors _(discuss)the resolution to increase wages in the coming year.Jasons only recreation is painting.He _(learn)how to paint for over five years.Even thoug
12、h we lost the game,we should be proud of ourselves because we_(try)our best and _(work)as a team.He finally _(finish)the research paper under his tutors guidance My nephew Sam _(collect)comic books since he was five.Now he has more than two hundred of them.The company _(launch)an advertising campaig
13、n to promote its corporate.has been discussinghas been learningtriedworkedfinishedhas been collectingis launching/has launched/launchedWork in pairs.Interview your partner about the things that he/she has been doing.4Do you have any hobbies or interests?How long have you been learning/playing.?What have you been doing recently?Production
