1、对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分2022|全国高考I卷试题解析及词汇拓展 红色红色单词单词:考试中重点难点高频单词考试中重点难点高频单词蓝色蓝色单词单词:运用了构词法运用了构词法“*”符号符号:大脑风暴联想单词及其变大脑风暴联想单词及其变形形红色红色句子：试题答案之所在句子：试题答案之所在对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分Grading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale 90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below 60,E.Essays（60%）Your four major essays will
2、 combine to form the main part of the grade for this course:Essay 1=10%;Essay 2=15%;Essay 3=15%;Essay 4=20%Group Assignments（30%）Students will work in groups to complete four assignments（作业）during the course.All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard,our online lea
3、rning and course management system.Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework（10%）Class activities will vary from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class lecture/discussi
4、on,so it is important to take careful notes during class.Additionally,from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home,both of which will be graded.【导语】这是一篇应用文。讲述文学引用课的评分制度。grade|*mark|rate|rankI hav a lot of papers to grade/markgrading
5、 scale【评分尺度】on a large/small/grand/massive scale-【构词法】assign-assigned-assignmentdraw|draw a lottery【开奖，抓彩票】The game ended in a draw【平局】【21题】根据文章标题：评分策略和构成：Essays-Group Assignments-Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests-late work。三部分以及前面的评分尺度。【22题】由平分的三个组成部分得知。Essay(60%)+Daily Work/In-Class+Group Ass
6、ignments（30%）+Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework（10%）。阅读理解阅读理解A篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分阅读理解阅读理解A篇篇Late Work An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date,it will earn a zero.Daily assignm
7、ents not completed during class will get a zero.Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.21.Where is this text probably taken from?A.A textbook.B.An exam paper.C.A course plan.D.An academic article.22.How many parts is a students final grade made up of?A.Two.B.Three.C
8、.Four.D.Five.23.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?A.You will receive a zero.B.You will lose a letter grade.C.You will be given a test.D.You will have to rewrite it.【23题】学生如果未在最后期限提交的论文，每迟到一节课，将降低一个等级。如果在最后期限的第四天及以后仍未交回，则将获得零分。因而如果你在最后期限的一个星期后交论文将会获得零分。the due date【预
9、定的日期】|*overdue【到期未付】|the assigned date【指定的日期】bedue to do s.thbe due in/on/at【预期会发生】【答案】21.C 22.B 23.A对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula（芝麻菜）（芝麻菜）was to make a nice green salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then
10、friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,food waste goes against
11、the moral grain,as Elizabeth Royte writes in this months cover story.Its jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown awayfrom“ugly（but quite eatable）vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes th
12、e water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.【导语】这是一篇说明文。，作者从个人浪费食物的故事到公司回收食品的事例，倡导人们节约粮食、珍惜劳动成果、保护大自然资源。【24题】尽管作者对食物浪费很小心，但还是无
13、意中买很多会被扔掉的食品。be mindful of/be alert to|be on the alert to s.thbe on the watch for keep an eye on|keep tabs onround out=round off【圆满完成】round up【聚拢】|roundup【新问提要】jawdropping|*breathtaking|astonishingshocking|striking|spine-chillingreject|discard|jettison【25题】生产无人食用的食物会浪费水、燃料和其他用于种植的资源。这就使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题
14、。阅读理解阅读理解B篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 If thats hard to understand,lets keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time but for him,its more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washing
15、ton,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished（有瑕疵的）（有瑕疵的）produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use
16、 in meals down the road.Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just dont think.Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat,Curtin says.【26题】这家公司回收食物并将其转化为健康
17、的膳食produce【农产品】|product【产品】play a part in/has a part to play in s.th【27题】每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周购物时不购买超过必要数量的食物，还是要求餐厅不要提供你不会吃的配菜。side dish|brunch【早午餐】the main course/dish【主菜】fare【饭菜；饮食；常见东西】More traditional fare can be found at the Plaka restaurant.The magazine contained the usual fare of celebrit
18、y romances and beauty tips.阅读理解阅读理解B篇篇24.B 25.B 26.D 27.A对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A.We pay little attention to food waste.B.We waste food unintentionally at times.C.We waste more vegetables than meat.D.We have good reasons for wasting food.25.Wh
19、at is a consequence of food waste according to the test?A.Moral decline.B.Environmental harm.C.Energy shortage.D.Worldwide starvation.26.What does Curtins company do?A.It produces kitchen equipment.B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.C.It helps local farmers grow fruits D.It makes meals out of
20、 unwanted food.27.What does Curtin suggest people do?A.Buy only what is needed.B.Reduce food consumption.C.Go shopping once a week.D.Eat in restaurants less often.阅读理解阅读理解B篇篇unintentionally|unthinkingly|recklesslyconsequence|*outcome|aftermath 对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 The elderly residents（居民）in care homes in
21、 London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.The project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善组织）to reduce loneliness and improve elderly peoples wellbeing,It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia,a serious illness of the mind.Staff in care homes have report
22、ed a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said:“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelc
23、hair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see theyve gone to bed.Its good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.Im enjoying the creative【导语】讲述通过养鸡项目关爱孤独老人,避免他们因孤独而智力退化,从而改
24、善老人们的幸福感，体现自强不息的精神。resident|inhabitant|dweller dream up【凭空想出】|*come up with|think|hatch up|cook up wellbeing|*wellness|fitness|welfare【28】项目由当地一家慈善机构发起，旨在减少老年人的孤独感，改善老年人的福祉。它还被用来帮助患有痴呆症（一种严重的精神疾病）的患者阅读理解阅读理解C篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分activities,and it feels great to have done something useful.There are now 70
25、0 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East,and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.Wendy Wilson,extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street,one of the first to embark on the project,said:Residents really welcome the idea of the project and
26、the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.Lynn Lewis,director of Notting Hill Pathways,said:We are happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.【29】我很
27、享受这些创意活动，做了一些有用的事情感觉很棒。roll out【推出】|rule out【排除】embark on|*set to work on|get down to|settle down to|【30】我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来的好处和乐趣。【31】endy Wilson认为：老人们非常欢迎这个项目的想法和创意活动。我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来的好处和乐趣。Lynn Lewis认为：“我们很高兴参加这个项目。它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们老年人联系起来。阅读理解阅读理解C篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分28.What is the purpose of t
28、he project?A.To ensure harmony in care homes.B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged.C.To raise money for medical research.D.To promote the elderly peoples welfare.29.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?A.She has learned new life skills.B.She has gained a sense of achievement.C.She has recover
29、ed her memory.D.She has developed a strong personality.30.What do the underlined words embark on mean in paragraph 7?A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?A.It is well received.B.It needs to be more creative.C.It is highly profitabl
30、e.D.It takes ages to see the resultharmony|*harmonious|in harmony with|in tone withwelfare|*wellbeing|wellnessevaluate|*assess|rate|well-received|popular/top-ratedcrowd-pleasing|go viral|trendy【构词法】profit-profitable|*lucrative【有利可图的】阅读理解阅读理解C篇篇28.D 29.B 30.C 31.A 对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 Human speech contains
31、 more than 2,000 different sounds,from the common m and a to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certain sounds more common than others?A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the w
32、orlds languages.More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals,such as f and v,were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers led by Damin Blasi at the University of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and
33、why this trend arose.They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned（对齐）,making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later,our jaws changed to an overbite structure（结构）,making it easier to produce such
34、 sounds.【导语】介绍人类语言发音的演变与人类的饮食变化之间的关联研究。ground-breaking【开创性的】|*ice-breaking|innovative|revolutionary|cutting-edge|trendsetting|spearheadingdiet-related|students-oriented/centerednote|it is worth noting that.trend|*fad|craze|vogue|fashion【32】现在，由瑞士苏黎世大学的达米安布拉西领导的一个研究小组已经发现了这种趋势是如何以及为什么会出现的。【33】古代人类成人的
35、上下门牙是对齐的，因此很难产生唇齿音，因为唇齿音是由下唇接触上牙形成的。后来，人类的下巴变成了覆牙合结构，让发出这样的声音变得更容易。阅读理解阅读理解D篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didnt have to do as much work and so di
36、dnt grow to be so large.Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of f and v increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hun
37、ter-gatherer people today.This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of spee
38、ch sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,said Steven Moran,a member of the research team.【构词法】neo(新）+lithic【石制的】neolithic【新石器的】【34】新石器时代之后，世界语言的声音发生了全球变化，“f”和“v”的使用在过去几千年中显著增加。这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然找不到。overturn|topple bu
39、t rather|*instead|on the contraryinterplay|*give-and-take【互谅互让】【35】Steven Moran认为：“自人类出现以来，我们使用的语音并不是一直保持稳定，但我们今天发现的各种语音是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物。阅读理解阅读理解D篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分32.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damin Blasis research focus on?A.Its variety.B.Its distribution.C.Its quantity.D.Its de
40、velopment.33.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.B.They could not open and close their lips easily.C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.34.What is paragraph 5 main
41、ly about?A.Supporting evidence for the research results.B.Potential application of the research findings.C.A further explanation of the research methods.D.A reasonable doubt about the research process.35.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?A.It is key to effective communi
42、cation.B.It contributes much to cultural diversity.C.It is a complex and dynamic system.D.It drives the evolution of human beings.阅读理解阅读理解D篇篇distributionn|widely distributed potential|underlying complex|complicated dynamic|fulfilling|worthwhile|inspiring|aspiring 32.D 33.C 34.A 35.C对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 Fi
43、tness Magazine recently ran an article titled Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.One reason was:Youll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,while another read:36_ With a workout partner,you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle（微妙）competition.So
44、,how do you find a workout partner?First of all,decide what you want from that person.37 _ Or do you just want to be physically fit,able to move with strength and flexibility?Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.You might think about posting what you are looking f
45、or on social media,but it probably wont result in a useful response.38_ If you plan on working out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do,how many days a week and ho
46、w many hours she wanted to spend on each session,and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities,and provided her phone number.39_ You and your partner will probably have different skills.40 _ Over time,both of you will benefit your partner will be able to lift more weights and you wil
47、l become more physically fit.The core（核心）of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.fitness|词汇风暴：*wellness|wellbeing|wellfare【构词法】flex-flexible-flexibility|flex ones muscleslift|lift weights|lift a ban on s.th core|essence【精华】阅读理解阅读理解E篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分A.Your first meetin
48、g may be a little awkward.B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.【同义复现】C.Youll work harder if you train with someone else.【同义复现】D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?【呼应主题句】E.How can you write a good seeking training partner notice?F.Just accept your differences and
49、 learn to work with each other.【同义复现】G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.【段意总结】awkward|embarrassing 阅读理解阅读理解E篇篇36.C 37.D 38.B 39.G 40.F对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 My husband,our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.Some of our 41 are funny,
50、especially from the early years when our children were little.Once,we 42 along Chalk Creek.I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek（小溪）（小溪）.I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.That lasted about ten minutes.He was 44 ,and his crying let the whole campground
