1、Period 2 Using language Unit 2 Exploring English1.Look at the sentences and expressions from the reading passage.Match the words in bold to the types of word formation.a Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.b sculpt a sculpturec When we see rain,we can say“its raining”d WHO 1 abbreviating 2
2、changing the part of speech 3 adding a prefix or suffix 4 combining two or more wordsbdcaReview:word formation Review:Word formation Complete the passage with the help of word formation.When you open a dictionary,you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words.You might think this is a bit scary.But
3、 many of them are formed using other simpler words.This is called word formation.Words formed by combining other words are called compounds,for example,1_(a friend that you contact by writing,traditionally using a pen)and 2_(known by many people).Prefixes and suffixes often have fixed meanings.If yo
4、u add un-or in-to a word,the new word usually means the opposite.For example,if something isnt correct its 3_,and if someone isnt happy theyre 4_.Words with the suffixes-ment and-ness are often nouns.For example,if somebody has improved a lot,they have made great 5_.penfriendwell-knownincorrectunhap
5、pyimprovement Review:Word formation Complete the passage with the help of word formation.Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs,or the other way round.When we calm somebody down,they become 6_.And we can give someone a present by 7_ it.And sometimes a word is made up of the first letters of
6、several words:“World Trade Organization”can be referred to as 8_,and 9_ is short for“as soon as possible”.It is impossible to know the meaning of every word,but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings.calmpresentingWTOASAP Review:Word formation Work in groups.Choose one type an
7、d come up with as many words as possible.abbreviating changing the part of speech adding a prefix or suffix combining two or more words likeGroup AGroup BVocabulary building:American English and British EnglishLook at the pictures and get to know the American English words and their British equivale
8、nts/kwvlnt/对应物对应物.subway/underground highway/motorwaytheater/theatregas/petrolapartment/flatelevator/liftAmerican and British EnglishAmerican and British English Activity 4 In Para.1,why are there such differences b/t A.E.and B.E.?theatretheatretheatertheatergasgashighwayhighwaypetrolpetrolmotorwaym
9、otorwayelevatorelevatorliftliftsubwaysubwayundergroundundergroundapartmentapartmentflatflat英语中的构词法主要有缩略法（abbreviation）转化法（changing part of speech）派生法（adding a prefix or suffix）合成法（combining two or more words）Word formation 构词法:是单词构成的基本规律，按照一定的语言规律创造新词的方法叫做构词法。Review:word formationCompounding（合成）（合成）
10、create a new word by compounding two or more existing words(由两个或更多的词合成一个词由两个或更多的词合成一个词)(1)n.+n.:air conditioner（空调）；（空调）；blood pressure（血压）（血压）(2)adj.+n.：central bank（中央银行）；（中央银行）；fast food（快餐）（快餐）(3)v-ing.+n.：washing machine（洗衣机）；（洗衣机）；driving license（驾驶证）（驾驶证）(4)n.+v-ing.：story-telling（讲故事）；（讲故事）；
11、hand-writing（笔迹）（笔迹）(5)adv.+v.：outbreak（爆发）；（爆发）；output（产量）（产量）(6)v.+adv.：breakdown（故障）；（故障）；feedback（反馈）（反馈）1.合成名词2.合成形容词(1)词尾为过去分词或+ed:absent-minded（心不在焉的）；hand-made（手工的）(2)词尾为现在分词：good-looking（好看的）；easy-going（随和的）(3)词尾为形容词：duty-free（免税的）；homesick （想家的）3.合成动词 overcome（战胜）undergo（经历）4.合成副词whole-hea
12、rtedly（全心全意地）;downstairs（在楼下）Find the Compounding words in the reading material and give the meanings.While were doing all this travelling,we can get seasick at sea,airsick in the air and carsick in a car,but we dont get homesick when we get back home.And speaking of home,why arent homework and hous
13、ework the same thing?seasick（晕船）;airsick（晕机）;carsick（晕车）;homesick（想家）;homework（家庭作业）;housework（家务事）【即学即练】【即学即练】change the part of speech（词性）（词性）(改变单词的词性改变单词的词性)Conversion（转化）(1)(1)动词动词 名词名词Look at me.Let me have a look.(2)(2)名词名词 动词动词Open your book.I must book the ticket.(3)(3)形容词形容词 动词动词Our classro
14、om is very clean.We clean our classroom every day.(4)(4)形容词形容词 名词名词(意义改变意义改变)You are right.Citizens have the right to speak freely.请大家判断词性转化类型请大家判断词性转化类型,然后翻译句子然后翻译句子(1)Let me have a try.(2)You could shoulder the task.(3)You should try your best to better your performance.(4)They are discussing the
15、content of the story.v.-n.让我来试一试。让我来试一试。n.-v.你可以承担这项任务。你可以承担这项任务。adj.-v.你应该尽最大努力让自己有更好的表现。你应该尽最大努力让自己有更好的表现。adj.-n.他们正在讨论这个故事的内容。他们正在讨论这个故事的内容。【即学即练】【即学即练】Derivation 派生派生by adding a prefix or(and)a suffix(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词)unemployment单词=前缀词根后缀改变词义词的本意改变词性Prefix-前缀前缀1.表示否定的前缀表示否定的前缀
16、：dis-il-im-ir-in-un-2.表示空间位置，表示空间位置，方向的前缀方向的前缀:by-inter-mid-under-3.表示比较程度差别关表示比较程度差别关系的前缀：系的前缀：extra-over-super-under4.表示时间的前缀：表示时间的前缀：ex-foremid-post-5.表示重复的前缀：表示重复的前缀：re-6.表示动化的前缀：表示动化的前缀：en-1.1.表示否定意义前缀：表示否定意义前缀：Prefix-前缀前缀dis-in-il-im-ir-mis-non-un-convenient inconvenient(不方便的不方便的)legal illegal
17、(不合法的不合法的)possible impossible(不可能的不可能的)responsible irresponsible(不负责的不负责的)ability disability(无能力无能力;残疾残疾)understand misunderstand（误解）profit non-profit（非营利的）certain uncertain（不确定的）Prefix-前缀前缀by-“附近，邻近”road byroad（侧道）under-“在.下面”ground underground（地铁）inter-“在间，相互”national international（国际的）mid-“中间”nig
18、ht midnight（午夜）,autumn mid-autumn（中秋）re-“又,再”arrange rearrange（重新安排）en-“使.”able enable（使能够）pre-“前”war pre-war（战前的）post-“后”war post-war（战后的）2.2.表示空间位置，表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀方向关系的前缀 4.4.表示其他意义表示其他意义3.3.表示时间表示时间abletruemorallogicalnecessary disable 不不能够能够 untrue 不不正确正确的的 immoral 不道德的不道德的 illogical 无逻辑的无逻辑的 unn
19、ecessary 没有必要的没有必要的给以下单词加上前缀并猜测词义给以下单词加上前缀并猜测词义【即学即练】【即学即练】Suffix-后缀后缀名词后缀形容词后缀动词后缀副词后缀Suffix-后缀后缀1.1.表示人的名词后缀表示人的名词后缀-er:begin beginner（初学者）-or:act actor（演员）-ee:employ employee（雇员）-ist:art artist（艺术家）-ian:music musician（音乐家）-ant:assist assistant（助手）-ess:god goddess(女神)-ness:careless carelessness（粗心
20、）（粗心）-ment:achieve achievement（成就）（成就）-dom:free freedom（自由）（自由）-tion:invent invention（发明发明）-ance:accept acceptance（接受）（接受）-ence:depend dependence（依赖）（依赖）-ion:express expression（表达表达）-ty:possible possibility（可能性可能性）2.2.其他名词后缀其他名词后缀Suffix-后缀后缀3.3.形容词后缀形容词后缀-al:nation national（民族的）-(i)ous:danger danger
21、ous（危险的）-ful:success successful（成功的）-less:pain painless（不痛苦的）-some:trouble troublesome(有麻烦的)-ial:influence influential(有影响力的)-able:avoid avoidable（可避免的）-tive:attract attractive(有吸引力的)4.4.动词后缀动词后缀-en:sharp sharpen（使尖锐）（使尖锐）-fy:simple simplify （使简化）（使简化）-ize:modern modernize（使现（使现代化）代化）5.5.副词后缀副词后缀-ly
22、:easy easily（容易容易地）地）-s:indoor indoors（在室内）（在室内）-ward(s):toward（趋向）（趋向）练习练习accept（接受）（接受）depend（依赖）（依赖）express（表达表达）possible（可能性可能性）music（音乐家）（音乐家）assist（助手）（助手）god(女神女神)nation（民族的）（民族的）danger（危险的）（危险的）success（成功的）（成功的）sharp（使尖锐（使尖锐 acceptance dependence expression possibility musicianassistant godd
23、ess national dangeroussuccessfulsharpenAcronym（缩略）A word formed from the first letters of the words that make up the name of sth.（缩略法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变）（缩略法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变）World Health Organization WHO Information Technology ITtelephonephone aeroplaneplane2.2.截头缩略截头缩略1.1.首字母缩略首字母缩略examinationexam l
24、aboratorylab 3.3.去尾缩略去尾缩略 Very Important Person Chief Executive Officer China Central Television World Trade Organization Virtual RealityVIPCEOCCTVWTOVRSummary Word formation合成法合成法转换法转换法派生法派生法缩略法缩略法两个词合成一两个词合成一个新词。个新词。分类分类:合成名词合成名词；合成形容词；合成形容词；合成动词；合成动词；合成副词。合成副词。词形不变，词性词形不变，词性改变。改变。分类：名词分类：名词-动词动词转
25、化；动词转化；动词-名词名词转化；形容词转化；形容词-动动词转化；形容词词转化；形容词-名词转化。名词转化。在词根上加上前在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外、后缀构成另外一个词。一个词。分类：前缀分类：前缀+词词根；词根根；词根+后缀后缀。用单词首尾字用单词首尾字母组成一个新母组成一个新词。词。分类：首字母分类：首字母缩略；截头缩缩略；截头缩略；去尾缩略略；去尾缩略。Challenge Challenge yourself yourself！rain(形容词形容词)_ agree(反义反义)_ nation(形容词形容词)_ farm(人人)_ recent(副词副词)_ friend(形容词形容词
26、)_ hope(形容词形容词)_ job(形容词形容词)_ visit(名词名词)_ access(形容词形容词)_ eight(八十八十)_ true(名词名词)_ kind(名词名词)_ China(形容词形容词)_1.按括号内的要求改写下列单词按括号内的要求改写下列单词rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreightykindnessdisagreefarmerfriendlyjoblessaccessibletruthChineseExercise2.2.用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空：用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空：1.Harry Potter is
27、a boy who is full of _(imagine).2._(congratulate)!You have done so well in the game.3.I received a letter of _(invite)but I didnt accept it.4.His late _(arrive)made a mess of our plan.5.To the _(amaze)of the parents,their child can look after himself without their help.6.He did exercise to _(strong)
28、his muscles.7.I went out to _(breath)the fresh air.imaginationCongratulationsinvitation arrivalamazementstrengthen breathe8.They also shared with us many _ (tradition)stories about Hawaii that were _(huge)popular with tourists.9.We are so proud of her.Its _ (wonder).10.All the football _(play)on the playground cheered loudly.traditionalhugelywonderfulplayers 1.After I had pictured it over and over again in my mind,the big day finally arrived.2.As a nature photographer,I have to brave the elements.3.Translate the sentences:3.Translate the sentences:Thank you!Thank you!
