1、To learn the-ing form as the subject and object1.Since then,finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.2.As a young man,he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.Look at the following sentences.3.He enjoys listening to violin music,playing mah-jong,swimming and reading.4.Spendi
2、ng money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.5.Just dreaming for things,however,costs nothing.1.动词动词-ing形式的构成：形式的构成：是在动词末加是在动词末加-ing形形 式构成。式构成。如：如：do-doing,be-being,ask-asking,etc.否定形式：否定形式：not+-ing 构成构成2.动词动词-ing形式形式不能单独作谓语，没人称和数不能单独作谓语，没人称和数 的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有的变
3、化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有 时态和语态的变化。时态和语态的变化。动词动词-ing形式形式看图完成下面的句子。看图完成下面的句子。_ _ is my favourite sport.Playing footballMy sister enjoys_ alone by the sea.taking a walkThe cartoon is _.amusingWe heard Tommy _ in his room.singingShe sat on the sofa _ a newspaper.reading动词动词-ing形式能在句中作主语、宾语、表形式能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、
4、宾语补足语和状语。语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。在本单元首先讲解动词在本单元首先讲解动词-ing 形式在句中作形式在句中作主语和宾语的用法。主语和宾语的用法。The-ing form as the subject and object一、动词一、动词-ing形式作主语形式作主语1.动词动词-ing形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的习惯性行为，谓语动词用单数。如：习惯性行为，谓语动词用单数。如：Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.Going to bed early and ge
5、tting up early is considered to be a good habit.2.在一些句子中，常用在一些句子中，常用it作形式主语放在作形式主语放在句首，而把真正的主语放到句末。句首，而把真正的主语放到句末。如：如：It is no use crying over spilt milk.It+be+a waste of time doing 做做是浪费时间的是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing 做做是没益是没益/用处的用处的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做做不值得不值得It is/was worth
6、/worthwhile doing 做做是值得的是值得的There is no sense in doing 做做没有道理没有道理常用常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：形式作主语的句型有：二、动词二、动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语1.有些动词后只能跟动词有些动词后只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语，而形式作宾语，而不能跟动词不定式作宾语。有此用法的动不能跟动词不定式作宾语。有此用法的动词有：词有：allow,advise,admit,appreciate,avoid,bear,consider,delay,deny,enjoy,escape,finish,forbid,imagine,keep,mi
7、nd,mention,permit,practice,quit,risk,suggest等。如：等。如：My mother advised asking a doctor to come and examine my eyes.Were considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.2.有些动词后既可跟动词有些动词后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语,也可跟动词不定式作宾语也可跟动词不定式作宾语,但用法和意但用法和意 义都有所不同。这些动词是：义都有所不同。这些动词是：begin,start,continue,like,love,pref
8、er,mean,forget,remember,hate等。等。A.在在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之后，用等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧 重点有些不同，动词重点有些不同，动词-ing形式表示泛指的动形式表示泛指的动 作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B.在在begin/start,continue之后，用动词之后，用动词-ing 和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语是和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语是 人的时候。人的时候。C.在动词在动词forget,remember,regret
9、之后，用动之后，用动 词词-ing与不定式意义不同。动词与不定式意义不同。动词-ing表示动表示动作先于谓语发生，不定式表示后于谓语动作先于谓语发生，不定式表示后于谓语动作。作。e.g.I remember posting the letter.我记得我已把信寄了。我记得我已把信寄了。Ill remember to post the letter.我会记着去寄信的。我会记着去寄信的。I shall never forget seeing the famous writer.我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。Dont forget to write to you
10、r mother.不要忘了给你母亲写信。不要忘了给你母亲写信。D.在在try,mean之后，意义各不相同，如之后，意义各不相同，如try to do(设法设法)，try doing(试试试试)，mean to do(打打 算，有意要做算，有意要做)，mean doing(意思是，意味意思是，意味 着着)。e.g.We must try to get everything done in time.我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。Lets try doing the working in some other way.我们用别的方法做这个工作试试。我们用别的方法做这个工作
11、试试。I didnt mean to make you angry.我并不想让你生气。我并不想让你生气。Your plan would mean spending hours.你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。E.go on doing和和go on to do:go on doing 继续做一直在做的事；继续做一直在做的事；go on to do 接着做另一件事。接着做另一件事。e.g.Please go on doing the same exercise.请接着做同一个练习。请接着做同一个练习。Please go on to do the other exerc
12、ise.请做另外一个练习。请做另外一个练习。F.stop doing与与stop to do:stop doing 停止做停止做;stop to do 停下正在干的事去干另一件事。停下正在干的事去干另一件事。e.g.We stopped talking.我们停止了交谈。我们停止了交谈。We stopped to talk.我们停下来去谈话。我们停下来去谈话。3.动词动词-ing形式用在动词形式用在动词need,want,require等等后表示后表示“需要需要”时时,用动词用动词-ing形式的主动形式的主动形式或者用不定式的被动式表示被动意义。形式或者用不定式的被动式表示被动意义。如：如：Th
13、e carpet really wants cleaning.=The carpet really wants to be cleaned.4.动词动词-ing形式作介词的宾语。要特别注意形式作介词的宾语。要特别注意:be/get used to,look forward to,pay attention to,stick to,devote to等中的等中的to都都是介词而不是动词不定式符号。如：是介词而不是动词不定式符号。如：My father is used to going to bed late and getting up very early.Im looking forward
14、 to receiving your reply.【即学即练即学即练】用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面的短文。用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面的短文。1._(find)a job in the United States takes specific skills.The following advice will help you find a job there.Write a good resume(简历简历).Describe your accomplishments(成绩成绩).Avoid _(include)unnecessary information.Your resume sho
15、uld be one page,if possible.includingFinding Find out about available jobs.One way is by _(look)in the newspaper or on the Internet.Another way is by networking.Networking means _(exchange)information with anyone you know family,friends,neighbors,classmates,former co-workers,professional groups who
16、might know of a job.exchanging lookingThese people might also be able to give you insider information about a company,such as who is in charge and what it is like to work at their company.Practice the interview.The more prepared you are,the more relaxed you will feel.If you are worried about _(say)o
17、r _(do)the wrong thing,practice will help.doing saying Learn something about the company.Finding information takes time,but it pays off.You can get help in these skills writing a resume,networking,preparing for an interview,researching a company by _(see)a career counselor(顾顾问问).Most high schools an
18、d colleges have one who can help you get started.seeing Finding a job is one of the most difficult jobs.Some people send out hundreds of resumes and go to dozens of interviews before finding a job.And it isnt something you do just once or twice in your lifetime.For most Americans,_(change)jobs many
19、times in a lifetime is not uncommon.changing 1.Scientists have responded by_(note)that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集聚集)around human settlements,(2019新课标新课标卷卷语法填空语法填空)2.A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for _(be)Britains oldest full-time employee still working 40 hours a week.(20
20、19新课标新课标卷卷语法填空语法填空)noting being3.When we got a call _(say)she was short-listed,we thought it was a joke.(2019新课标新课标卷卷语法填空语法填空)4.When the children are walking or _(cycle)to school on dark mornings,(2019浙江卷浙江卷语法填空语法填空)sayingcycling 5.But some students didnt want _ (wear)the uniform.(2019浙江卷浙江卷语法填语法填 空
21、空)6.Nervously _(face)challenges,I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words“Be yourself”。(2019北京北京 卷卷语法填空语法填空)to wear facing Rewrite the following sentences using the ing form as the subject.Example:It is necessary to get water from wet to dry places.Getting water from wet to dry places is
22、necessary.1.It is nice to help people in need of help.Helping people in need of help is nice.2.It is not easy to grow super hybrid rice.Growing super hybrid rice is not easy.3.It is not difficult to learn more about farming.Learning more about farming is not difficult.4.In the countryside it is not
23、as easy to do research as in the city.Doing research in the countryside is not as easy as in the city.5.To get rid of hunger is very important for some African countries.Getting rid of hunger is very important for some African countries.6.It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the
24、students.Explaining this again is important or we will confuse the students.Which verbs are followed by ing?Which by the infinitive?First write doing or to do over the correct group.Then write the verbs in the box in the correct columns and finally practise making at least four sentences with them._
25、 _both to do and doingmanageexpectdecideseemofferimaginesuggestavoidadmitpractisehatelovepreferrememberregretto dodoing to do doingboth to do and doingpromisefailhopeaffordplanenjoyfinishmindmisskeeptrystopbeginforgetlikestartpromise,enjoy,fail,try,finish,hope,stop,begin,afford,forget,like,mind,miss
26、,start,plan,keep用括号内单词的正确形式完成下面短文。用括号内单词的正确形式完成下面短文。If you are planning to come to Poland as a tourist,you will have plenty of interesting places to choose from.People who enjoy 1._(hike)should consider 2._(go)to the mountains,in the south of Poland.hiking goingYou dont have to book accommodation(住住
27、宿宿)in advance as you will certainly manage 3._(find)a local person who will offer to put you up at a very reasonable price.If you love sailing and you dont mind 4._(bite)by mosquitoes,you can go to the lakes in the northeast.You can either choose 5._(take)a ride in a boat or go camping and practise
28、6._(cook)on an open fire next to a lake.to find being bitten to takecooking The coast in Poland is cold but its beautiful.If you cant stand 7._(stay)in a crowded seaside town or cant afford 8._(pay)for a big hotel,arrange to stay in one of the many small coastal villages.You certainly wont risk 9._(meet)too many people if you decide 10._(go)for a long walk along the beach.stayingto paymeetingto go1.Finish exercise 4 on Page 13.2.Well learn Organic Farming on Page 14.Find some information.
