1、单词课堂版本:新译林版本:新译林 单元:必修一单元:必修一 Unit 2(Grammar and usage Assessment)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.design:de-(down 向下)+sign(mark 标记)写下来 描绘,设计 派生词:designer design词块:be designed to do sth/for sth;by design2.forum词源:在古罗马城中,在 Palatine 山和 Capitoline 山之间的一个小山谷中,在几座政府建筑之间有一块空地,这块空地就是著名的“罗马广场”(Roman Forum)。这块空地原本是一个市场,是公共场所
2、,古罗马人将其称为 forum,古罗马人热爱在公开场合演讲、辩论,引申为“论坛”。3.expert:ex-(out 向外)+-per(尝试、试验)+-t 经历过多次 的人 4.likely:like+-ly 精准的汉语释义:可能的 probable 反义词:unlikely 词块:sb/sth is likely to do sth,it is likely+(that)从句5.unique:uni-(one 一)+-que(形容词后缀)词块:be unique to6.passive:pass-(suffer 忍受,承受)+-ive(形容词后缀)被动的;消极的 反义词:active7.per
3、formance:perform(履行、表现)+-ance 词族:perform,performance,performer 词块:give/put on a performance=perform;good/poor/bad performance 8.press:基本义:挤压 词族:press,pressure,impress,express,depress9.eager:派生词 eagerly,eagerness 词块:be eager for/to do sth10.youth:构词法:young youth;the youth11.adventure:抽象名词具体化12.flexib
4、le:flex-(bend 弯曲)+-ible 能弯曲的 灵活的,可变 动的 派生词:flexibility,inflexible13.account:ac-(to)+-count(计算)一词多义:基本义“记录”14.rent:词块:pay the rent,for rent15.secure:se-(free from 分离)+-cur-(care 忧虑、烦恼)远离忧虑和烦恼 感到安心的(基本义)形容词动词化;派生词:security16.graduate:构词 grad-(grade,步、级)+-u-+-ate 名词词尾 在学业上完成某一步/某一级 毕业;同根词:grade,gradual
5、 词块:graduate from senior high school/university 熟词生义:逐渐发展/升级为(I quickly graduated from typical childrens books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters.2020 浙江)graduate v 和 n 发音不同;派生词:graduation17.gather:一词多义,基本义“使集中”派生词:gathering18.emergency:emerge(出现)+-ency 突然出现的事 突发事 件、紧急情况 Public Health E
6、mergency 19.volunteer:volunt-(自愿)+-eer(名词词尾,人)志愿者 类似的还有pioneer,engineer 名词动词化(职业身份类)词块:volunteer to do sth,a volunteering club20.figure:一词多义,基本义“形状”figure 意为“认为;估计”时是非正式用语;figure词块:figure out;trade figures,a leading figure21.downtown:通常认为该词来自早期纽约市的规划,在1830年的时候,纽约城区集中在曼哈顿岛南端,后来,随着经济的发展北扩,而 up and dow
7、n 对应于地图上北和南。后来,downtown 就作为市中心的代称,而 uptown 则作为居住区的代称。词块:go downtown22.operation:operate 来自operation,是逆生法 词块:have an operation on operate词源:古罗马的年底为祭祀农神萨图恩(Saturn)的大型节日,一般在每年的12月17日至12月24日间召开。萨图恩虽贵为神,依然手持农具在田间劳动,可见他是多么勤于“工作”。而他的妻子俄普斯(Ops)是就古罗马神话的丰收之神。俄普斯(Ops)的名字意思是“丰产;丰富”。operate的词根是oper,oper受丰收之神俄普斯(
8、Ops)的影响,表示“work(工作)”。23.teller:词源:来自 tell 古义“计算、数数”,teller用于指出纳;ATM(automatic teller machine)24.scene:一词多义,基本义“场景”;派生词:scenery 词块:on the scene25.flat:flat是英式英语,对应的美式英语是apartment 词源:在英国,人们原本习惯居住在独立的房屋中。直到19世纪末期,随着城市化进程和人口增加,伦敦城中传统的独立房屋的价格日益昂贵,越来越多的人负担不起,因此出现了公寓楼。这种楼房由多层构成,每一层都是单独的一套居住单位,人们可以购买或租用楼房中的
9、一层。在英语中,人们管这种楼房中的一套居住单位称为 flat,本意是“一层、一个平面”,而一栋公寓楼则称为 a block of flats。flat中的一个房间称作 apartment,意思是flat中的一个part(部分)。但到了美国,美国人逐渐用 apartment 来表示整个flat。但是在英国、新加坡等地,人们还是使用 flat 来表示一套公寓。26.response:构词respond response;词块:in response(to)design 搭配义搭配义perform&performance一词多义一词多义词族词族pressflexible 一词多义一词多义英语释义英语
10、释义secure&security一词多义一词多义graduategatheroperate&operation重难点词精讲likely精准的汉语精准的汉语释义释义account一词多义一词多义搭配义搭配义熟词生义熟词生义一词多义一词多义一词多义一词多义scene一词多义一词多义名词动词化figure一词多义一词多义 design vt 设计;绘制:design a car/dress/tool/officespecially designed software常用于被动语态(为某种特定目的)计划;设计 to plan or develop sth for a specific purpose
11、:The route was designed to relieve the heavy traffic.This course is designed as an introduction to the subject.It is said that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education.n U&C 设计;图样;图案:a bowl with a flower design Looking forward to receiving your creative designs!
12、计划;目的;意图:Whether by chance or by design,it so happened that there were exactly 150 people in the station.2011 上海改She has designs on his money.designer n C 设计者;设计师:I hope Ill work in a computer company as a program designer.2014 全国书面表达 adj 由著名设计师设计的;名牌的:designer clothes 2011 江西词汇拓展likely纪录片Most Likel
13、y to Succeed极有可能成功是关于High Tech High学校。在这所学校里,没有教科书、没有上下课铃声、没有考试,孩子们每天都忙于一些自主选择的特定项目,为了一年一度的大型展览废寝忘食;结果是:98%的大学入学率。likely adj 常与常与more,most连用连用 可能的可能的 be likely to do sth:If you can find suitable learning methods,your learning efficiency is likely to improve.2011 上海改The more exposed young people are
14、to financial issues,the more likely they are to become responsible.2008 上海改反 unlikelyprobable注:注:在不少词典和词汇书中给出的在不少词典和词汇书中给出的likely作形容词时的汉语作形容词时的汉语释义是释义是“很可能的很可能的”,并并不准确。不准确。likely作形容词时,作形容词时,其英其英语释义是语释义是probable,因此,因此,likely的精准汉语释义应该是的精准汉语释义应该是“可能的可能的”。it is likely+(that)从句:从句:It is likely that you c
15、ould suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.If one is late for a job interview,it is not likely that he will get the job.2015 陕西注注:likely 的主语既可以是人或物,也可以是的主语既可以是人或物,也可以是it。其结构。其结构为为sb/sth is likely to do sth 和和 it is likely+(that)从句。从句。adv 常与常与most,more,very连用连用 可能可能:When one wolf starts to howl,
16、very likely others will follow.2011 湖北Not likely!表示强烈的否定表示强烈的否定 绝不可能!才不呢!绝不可能!才不呢!Would she mind playing against her former teammates?Not likely!2010 浙江改 adj 不太可能的不太可能的 ;只用于名词前只用于名词前 非想象中的:非想象中的:拓展unlikelyI met him at the most unlikely place.(be)unlikely to do sth:it is unlikely+(that)从句从句:Someone w
17、ho lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to make a good researcher.Its unlikely that shell arrive before seven.反 likelyperform “A Buddism godness Guanyin Bodhisattva”is the Chinese national cultural heritage of mankind.It is _(perform)by disabled _(perform).The _(perform)moved the whole C
18、hina.vt 做;履行;执行做;履行;执行 to do sth,especially sth difficult or useful (carry out):perform an experiment/an operation/a miracleYou should perform your duties/promise.vt&vi 表演;演出:表演;演出:Ive never seen a Shakespeares play performed so wonderfully.vi 表现;运转:表现;运转:He was disappointed because he had not perfo
19、rmed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.The machine is performing very poorly.perform v 学术词汇日常英语中更常用carry out做做(基本义)(基本义)做;履行;执行做;履行;执行表演;演出表演;演出做做演出之类的事情演出之类的事情(人)(人)做做事情事情 (人)(人)表现;运转表现;运转perform 的的语义网络语义网络图图人人做做事情事情 /机器机器运作运作的结果的结果由具象到抽象由具象到抽象 C 表演;演出:表演;演出:give a live performance put on a performan
20、ce of Hamlet C&U 表现;业绩:表现;业绩:academic performance My good performance in the job interview left me optimistic about my future.2014 安徽He criticized the recent poor performance of the company.performance n performer n C 表演者;执行者表演者;执行者presspress为同形异义词,作动词时,其词源义为“挤压(exert force,push)”。当它作名词时,其词源义为“人群(cr
21、owd)”,但随着语言的发展,已经不太常用。14世纪初期,press意为“熨烫布的机器”“榨汁机”,后来又出现“印刷机”的意思,这几层释义都是“压的机器”。16世纪70年代其意思引伸为“出版社”。到了18世纪,“报刊新闻业”这层释义开始出现。press vt&vi 压压(push);按;推;挤;按;推;挤:press a button/switchShe pressed her face against the window.She pressed down hard on the gas pedal and the car leapt forwards.催促;逼迫催促;逼迫(push/urg
22、e):Pressed by my friends and relations,I decided to seize the opportunity.press on(不顾困难)继续进行:进行:He pressed on and finally got passed the finishing line.常与常与a连用连用 按;压;推;挤:按;压;推;挤:Give it a press.出版社;印刷厂:出版社;印刷厂:the Oxford University Press 常用常用the press 报刊新闻业;新闻界:报刊新闻业;新闻界:the local press the freedom of the presspress n Cpress的语义网络图挤压挤压press(基本义)“挤压挤压”物体物体“挤压挤压”人人压;按;挤;压;按;挤;推推按;压;推;按;压;推;挤挤vn催促;逼迫催促;逼迫出版社;印刷出版社;印刷厂厂报刊新闻业;报刊新闻业;新闻界新闻界press的同根词的同根词词根词根 前缀前缀/后缀后缀 单词单词press(压)-ure:的行为pressure n 压力im-:向内、向里(in,into)impress v 给留下极深的印象ex-:向外(out)express v 表达;表示de-:向下(down)depress v 使抑郁随堂检测随堂检测谢谢观赏