1、单词课堂版本：新译林版本：新译林 单元：必修一单元：必修一 Unit 4（Grammar and usage Assessment）本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.pressure：构词法 press+-ure 词块：blood pressure,under pressure,put pressure on sb 2.contribute:con-(together 共同)+-tribut-(贡献)+-e 词块：contribute to,contribute(sth)to sth 词族：contribute,contributor,contribution3.memory：一词多义：基本义“
2、记忆”熟词生义：存储器；存储量(内存)抽象名词具体化：意为“回忆”时用复数 词块：in memory of 词族：memory,memorable,memorise4.attack：at-(朝，向)+-tack-(nail 钉子)钉向 攻击 词块：under attack 派生词：attacker 5.amount：a-(加强意义)+-mount-(mountain 山)到达山顶 到达最顶处 总、合 词块：a large amount of;amount to6.schedule：在英式英语中，schedule指工作计划、日程安排，timetable 指时间表、时刻表。在美式英语中，工作计划、
3、日程安排、时间表、时刻表都用 schedule；词块：ahead of/on/behind schedule；名词动词化：as scheduled，schedule sb/sth to do sth7.negative：反义词 positive 熟词生义：阴性的(可联系核酸检测阴性)词块：a negative attitude8.plastic：plas-(模式、展开)+-tic 有模式的 可塑的9.surgery：surg-(外科)+-ery 词块：plastic surgery10.campus：词块：on campus11.guy：非正式用语(对应 man)12.treatment：tr
4、eat(handle 处理)+-ment 13.addition：构词法 add+-tion 词族：add,addition,additional,additionally 词块：in addition(to)14.saying：say+-ing；习语：as the(old)saying is/goes15.jeans词源：jean是中世纪的一种厚实的斜纹棉布，用来制作衣服和船帆。19世纪中，在美国西部兴起淘金热，大量人口涌入西部淘金。由于强烈的劳动，工人的衣服极易破损。看到这种商机后，两名生意人 Levi Strauss 和 Jacob Davis 设计了一种新型耐磨的工装裤，并用铆钉加固易
5、破损部位，用的就是 jean 这种斜纹棉布面料。很快，这种结实耐用的工装裤在市场上受到了美国西部牛仔们的喜爱。由于是用 jean 面料做成的，所以这种工装裤也被称为 jean(牛仔裤)，一般用复数形式 jeans。16.male female，正式用语(对应 man,woman)17.beauty：beau-(fine 美丽的)+-ty 词族：beauty,beautiful,beautify 18.fashion：fash-(=fac-:make,do 做)+-ion 词块：in/out of fashion,in(a)fashion 派生词：fashionable 19.shadow：sh
6、ad-=shade，表示“阴影，暗影”词块：cast a shadow over/on,in the shadow(s)20.digital：构词法：*digit digital 词块：the digital age/identities/payment/a digital camera 21.series：单复数同形，词块：a series of,TV series 22.external：词源义 outside,outward23.strength：一词多义，基本义“力量”词族：strong,strength,strengthen24.talent：同义词：gift 词块：have a t
7、alent for,a talent show 派生词：talented talent词源故事：25.piano：词块 play the piano；派生词 pianist26.content：con-(with,together 一起)+-tent(hold 持有，握住)包含于其中的 心满意足的 content意为“内容”“目录”用复数，意为“主要内容”用单数。27.individuality：individual+-ity28.achievement：achieve+-ment 词块：a sense of achievement29.app：application的缩写，注意读音contr
8、ibute一词多义一词多义辨析义辨析义schedule搭配义搭配义搭配义搭配义fashionshadow一词多义一词多义achievement搭配义搭配义up 短语短语动词动词正式用语与正式用语与非正式用语非正式用语重难点词精讲attack一词多义一词多义strength一词多义一词多义contribute tribe由“tri（three，三）+-be”构成，来自拉丁语 tribus,部落、宗族、地区，特指古罗马城邦三个三个宗族集团 Latins(拉丁人)，Sabines(萨宾人)，Etruscans(伊特鲁里亚人)。tribe（部落）tribute 贡品、贡金 con-（一起）+tribu
9、te contribute(一起把贡品献给)贡献贡献contribute由“con-+-tribute”构成。contribute v vt&vi 贡献；捐助；捐献：贡献；捐助；捐献：It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money.contribute(sth)to sth:Immigrants have contributed to American culture in many ways.contribute(money)to the Red CrossHe never contributes(ideas)to
10、 the discussion.vi 造成造成 /促使促使 (某事发生某事发生)to help to make sth happen：Alcohol contributes to 100,000 deaths a year in the US.Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses.vt&vi 投投 (稿稿)；撰；撰 (稿稿)：She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.contribution n C 贡献：贡献：I admire Edison a lot because
11、 he made a greatcontribution to the world.2008 湖南书面表达改 捐款；捐献物：捐款；捐献物：I gave a contribution of$100 to/toward the church.稿件；作品：稿件；作品：This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers.contributor n C 捐款人；撰稿人；起作用的因素同结构：way to sth,key to sth,solution to sth二者均可表示“捐献”，其后均可接to。表示捐钱或衣物时，二
12、者可互换使用。It is more meaningful to donate/contribute books and sports goods to children in need.2013 江苏改donate 还有“献血”之意。Many people have donated that type of blood.2012 北京contribute 侧重指“贡献”，通常指贡献财力、物力、智力等。此外，contribute 还可表示“促成”、“起作用”、“投稿”的意思。I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the
13、 world.Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.The scientist often contributes to an academic journal.辨 donate,contributecontribute语义网络图语义网络图贡献贡献contribute(基本义)“贡献贡献”人力、人力、物力、财力等物力、财力等为某事的发生做为某事的发生做“贡献贡献”“贡献贡献”稿件等稿件等贡献；捐助；贡献；捐助；捐献捐献造成造成 /促使促使 (某事发生某事发生)投投 (稿稿)；撰；撰 (稿稿)贡献贡献contribut
14、ion捐款；捐献物捐款；捐献物稿件；作品稿件；作品J.K.Rowlings novel Harry Potter made a great contribution to the world literature.She has contributed a lot of money to the charity since she became rich.To inspire other writers,she shared some r e j e c t i o n l e t t e r s f r o m t h e p u b l i s h e r s.T h o s e lett
15、ers related to The Cuckoos Calling.J.K.Rowling contributed the n o v e l t o a m a g a z i n e u n d e r t h e n a m e o f Galbraith without revealing her true identity.The first was rejected by several publishers,and Rowling was even advised to take a writing course.When The Cuckoos Calling eventua
16、lly found a publisher in 2013,it was achieving respectable sales before the secret of its authorship broke,and it contributed to the novel reaching the top of the bestseller lists.attackDont be afraid of enemies who attack you.Be afraid of the friends who flatter you.不要怕那些攻击你的敌人。不要怕那些攻击你的敌人。而要担心那些奉承
17、你的朋友。而要担心那些奉承你的朋友。这句话曾出现在人性的弱点(How to Win Friends and Influence People)中。人性的弱点汇集了作者戴尔卡耐基(Dale Carnegie)的思想精华，是世界成功学第一书，世界上最畅销、最经典、最实用的为人处世参考书。attack v vt&vi 攻击；进攻：Travelers should not feed the wild animals in a close distance because they may attack people.2014 江西改 vt 抨击抨击 to criticize sb/sth strong
18、ly：His remarks were attacked in the newspaper.vt（疾病、虫、化学物等疾病、虫、化学物等）侵袭侵袭；侵蚀：侵蚀：Recently,the H7N9 bird flu has attacked many cities.C&U 攻击；进攻：an air attack make fierce attacks against/on When a plant is under attack,it sends out certain chemicals.C&U 抨击：抨击：a personal attack C(疾病等)侵袭侵袭；发作：He suffered
19、a heart attack.attack n“攻击”人或物的身体“攻击”人的作品病、虫、化学物等“攻击”人 /物攻击；进攻抨击（疾病等）侵袭；侵蚀attack语义网络图attack攻击基本义攻击；进攻抨击（疾病等）侵袭；发作vnClass Scheduleschedule许多与书写有关的词往往可以追溯到用以涂写最早文字符号的树皮和树叶，或凿刻最早文字符号的石头，如 paper（纸）原指“纸莎草”。schedule 一词的来源可追湖到拉丁词 scheda，表示“纸莎草的叶子”。从 scheda 衍生出指小词 sceduala“small piece of paper”（小张纸）。15世纪初 s
20、cedula 通过法语 cedule 进入英语后，其拼写逐渐演变为 schedule，词义也由小纸条引申词义便笺，便条，日程表等。到了19世纪 schedule 已获得了今天还在使用的一些词义，如“一览表”“时间表”“时刻表”“计划表”等。schedule词源解读n C&U 日程安排；时刻表日程安排；时刻表 a plan of things that will happen or of work that must be done(timetable)：a class/train scheduleThe majority of holiday flights depart and arrive
21、 on schedule.Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.The tunnel project has already fallen behind schedule.schedule注：在英式英语中，schedule指工作计划、日程安排，timetable指时间表、时刻表。在美式英语中，工作计划、日程安排、时间表、时刻表都用schedule。vt常用于被动语态安排；将常用于被动语态安排；将列入进度表列入进度表 to plan that sth will happen at a particular t
22、ime：As scheduled,we have English Talent Show today.2014 陕西书面表达 schedule sth(for sth):The summer sale is scheduled for tomorrow.schedule sb/sth to do sth:The trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City.2017 全国fashion时尚界的老佛爷 卡尔卡尔拉格斐拉格斐 街拍鼻祖 比尔比尔坎宁汉坎宁汉 世界顶级名模 吉赛尔吉赛尔邦辰邦辰永恒的时尚女神奥黛丽奥黛丽赫本赫本时
23、尚界设计大师名言时尚界设计大师名言I am a fashion person,and fashion is not only about clothes its about all kinds of change.Karl Lagerfeld 我是个fashion的人，但是fashion不仅仅只是指衣服它是指各种各样的改变。卡尔拉格斐fashion词源解读词源解读人类最早的时尚记载可以追溯到中世纪。时尚往往和贵族联系起来，能穿不失品味的服装是当时贵族的梦想。时尚的英文为fashion，从词源学来说，fashion一词来自拉丁文facio or factio，意思是a making or doi
24、ng，是对一种外表行为模式的崇尚方式。fashion n U&C(服饰等的服饰等的)流行式样；最新款式：流行式样；最新款式：Long skirts were in/out of fashion last year.follow/keep pace with(the)fashion C(谈吐、行为等的谈吐、行为等的)时尚：时尚：Peoples lifestyle are fixed by generational habits and fashions.U 时装业：时装业：a fashion show/designer in(a)fashion He behaves in a strange f
25、ashion.【拓展】【拓展】fashionable adj 流行的；时髦的：流行的；时髦的：fashionable clothes/ideas 表达表达“变得时尚变得时尚”be in fashion come into fashion become fashionable start fashions keep up with fashions follow fashions wear fashions 表达表达“过时过时/不流行不流行”fall out of fashion be out of fashion go out of fashion 表达表达“重新变得时尚重新变得时尚”come
26、 back into fashionbe back in fashion fashion business/industry 时装业 fashion market 时装市场 fashion store/shop/houses 时装商店 fashion design 时装设计 fashion photography 时尚摄影 fashion brands 时装品牌 fashion companies 时尚公司 fashion shows 时装秀 fashion shoots 时尚摄影 fashion magazines 时尚杂志 fashion spreads in magazines 杂志中的时尚专栏 fashion editor 时尚编辑 fashion designer 时尚设计师 fashion photographer 时尚摄影师 fashion stylist 时尚造型师 谢谢观赏
