1、第 三 部 分写作专题五 应用文写作英英 语语 2023内 容 索 引NO.1写作总策略破解书面表达3维度NO.2题型微技法分类提升应用文写作技能NO.3真题实战经典对练拿高分写作总策略写作总策略 破解书面表达破解书面表达3 3维度维度NO.1 NO.1 维度一维度一 学习评分标准学习评分标准,实现高分有方向实现高分有方向一、评分标准解读 档次解读第五档(1315分)能写明全部要点;语言基本无误;行文连贯,表达清楚第四档(1012分)能写明全部或绝大部分要点;语言有少量错误;行文不够连贯,表达基本清楚第三档(79分)能写明基本要点;语言虽有较多错误,但能基本达意第二档(46分)能写明部分要点;
2、语言错误多,影响意思表达第一档(13分)只能写出一两个要点;语言错误很多,只有个别句子正确0分未作答;内容太少,无法评判;写的内容与所要求的内容无关或所写内容无法看清二、评分细则1.满分15分,按五个档次进行评分。2.评分时主要从内容要点、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑。具体为:内容要点的覆盖情况以及表述的清楚程度和合理性;使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性;上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。3.词数应为80左右,少于60和多于100的,从总分中减去2分。4.拼写与标点符号在评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。维度二维度二 用好用好“4 4策略策略”,写出高分作文写出高分作文策略1 遵循“
3、两美”原则,打造内外兼美好作文 策略2词汇高级,“语”众不同高级词汇就像一颗颗耀眼的明珠,为作文增添光彩,从而使考生稳拿高分。选词时应注意两点:1.不“人云亦云”原则写作时恰当使用其他考生可能想象不到的词汇会给阅卷老师耳目一新的感觉。如:believebe convinced 相信As long as we can learn English well,I am convinced that any method is referable.(2022全国乙卷)只要我们能学好英语,我认为任何方法都是可行的。lie inbe located at 位于Surrounded by green tre
4、es,the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.(2020全国卷)农场位于我们学校附近的山脚下,四周绿树环绕。importantof great significance 重要,有意义Protecting the ocean is of great significance.(2022全国甲卷)海洋保护具有极其重要的意义。chanceopportunity 机会This race gives us a good opportunity to have a deeper understanding of patienc
5、e.(2020新高考全国卷)这场越野赛给了我们一个很好的机会来对耐心有更深的理解。saddepressed 难过When feeling depressed,I often choose to enjoy the novel part including a lot of stories.(2021新高考全国卷)当我情绪低落时,我经常选择阅读小说部分,里面有很多故事。2.短语优先原则短语的意思往往比单个单词的意思更为饱满,因此考生宜利用短语巧妙表达文章要点。如:realizebecome aware of 意识到In addition,people have become aware of t
6、he significance of ocean protection.(2022 全国甲卷)而且,人们已经意识到了海洋保护的重要性。understandhave an understanding of 理解In this way,students can have a better understanding of the language.(2022全国乙卷)通过这种方式,学生对这门语言会有更好的理解。considertake.into consideration/account 考虑I hope you will take my invitation into consideration
7、.(2022新高考全国卷)我希望你能考虑一下我的邀请。helpdo sb a favor 帮忙I am writing to ask you to do me a favor with a play we adapted according to the text.(2020全国卷)我们根据此文本改编了一个剧本,我写信是想请您就这个剧本帮我们一个忙。rememberkeep in mind 记住We should keep in mind that protecting the ocean is protecting ourselves.(2022 全国甲卷)我们要牢记保护海洋就是保护我们自己
8、。策略3句式丰富,彰显能力若书面表达中的句子都采用简单句,肯定不能得高分,合理使用精彩句式会使文章读起来抑扬顿挫。因此应多使用一些高级句式和复合句,让句子“高人一筹”,亮点纷呈,彰显考生的写作能力。1.精彩的复合句(1)增加亮点的定语从句An exhibition of students traditional Chinese paintings is being held by our school,which sparks a burning passion for traditional art.(2021浙江卷)As you can see from the chart,65 perc
9、ent of the students learn English by listening to songs.(2022全国乙卷)(2)吸引眼球的状语从句Since you have long been interested in Chinese culture(原因状语从句),I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.It has been 10 years since Youth was founded and I began to read the newspaper when I
10、 was still a junior one student.(时间状语从句)(2021新高考全国卷)No matter what measures are taken(让步状语从句),we should be devoted to protecting the oceans.(2022全国甲卷)(3)提升档次的名词性从句It is worth mentioning that our volleyball team won the championship twice in the national middle school volleyball match(主语从句).I hope yo
11、u will accept our invitation(宾语从句).(2022新高考全国卷)Thats why we invite you to do the interview(表语从句).(2022新高考全国卷)2.亮眼的倒装句Not only does it supply me with a platform to broaden my horizons,but its rich content can also spark my burning passion for English.(2021新高考全国卷)So diligent are you that Im more than
12、delighted to teach you.3.新颖的强调句和省略句It is Youth that accompanies me through my whole high school life.(2021新高考全国卷)As scheduled,an art exhibition will be held next Sunday in the local museum.4.传神的被动结构Your timely help will be very much appreciated by me.5.言简意赅的非谓语动词结构To get admitted,I have made good pr
13、eparations,trying to get to know as much as I could about my city.6.委婉的虚拟语气Had it not been for his guidance and encouragement,I couldnt have won first prize in the English Contest.(2020全国卷)策略4过渡巧妙,完美文章过渡词语和短语就像纽带一样把文章紧紧连接起来,又像润滑剂一样使文章衔接流畅。1.文章或段落起始常用的过渡短语to begin with(首先),first of all(第一,首先),in the
14、first place(首先),as is known to all(众所周知),as is shown in.(正如在中显示的那样)First of all,it is convenient since we can learn whatever we need as long as we have access to the Internet.(2021全国乙卷)2.文章或段落结尾常用的过渡短语in conclusion(总之,最后),in brief(简言之),all in all(总之),to sum up(总而言之),in a word(总之),therefore/thus(因此),
15、generally speaking(总体上讲),on the whole(总的说来)All in all,it is high time for us to take measures to protect the ocean.(2022全国甲卷)3.常用的表示先后次序的过渡词语和短语first/firstly(第一),second/secondly(第二),next(其次,然后),last but not least(最后但同样重要的),after that(之后),eventually/finally(最后,最终),since then(从那以后),afterwards(以后,后来),m
16、eanwhile(同时),immediately(立刻)适用于两点的情况:on the one hand,on the other hand;for one thing,for another(thing)适用于三点或以上的情况:to begin with,then,furthermore,finally;to start with,next,in addition,last but not least;most importantly,moreover/furthermore,finallyMore importantly,people have realized the importanc
17、e of the ocean.(2022全国甲卷)4.常用的表示因果关系的过渡词语和短语therefore/thus(因此),accordingly/consequently(因此,所以),for this reason(由于这个原因),as a result of(作为的结果),due to/thanks to(由于),because of(由于)Consequently,its strongly advocated that we should be smart online learners.(2021全国乙卷)5.常用的表示比较和对比的过渡词语和短语similarly(同样),on t
18、he contrary(相反),on the other hand(另一方面),in contrast with/in comparison with(与相比),be different from(与不同)On the other hand,governments of the world should take action to protect the ocean.(2022 全国甲卷)6.常用的表示举例的过渡短语a case in point(恰当的例子),that is to say(也就是说),for instance/example(例如)My progress in Englis
19、h is a case in point.(2021新高考全国卷)7.常用的表示强调的过渡词语和短语besides(此外),furthermore/moreover(而且),actually/in fact(实际上),also(而且,也),indeed(的确),in particular(尤其,特别),naturally(当然),hopefully(有希望地)Besides,the outcome of study cant be guaranteed.(2021全国乙卷)维度三维度三 研究典例研究典例,掌握高分技巧掌握高分技巧【典例印证】【典例印证】(2021新高考全国卷)你校英文报Yout
20、h正在庆祝创刊十周年,请你写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:1.读报的经历;2.喜爱的栏目;3.期望和祝福。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Youth and Me 三档作文示例 名师点评本文要点基本齐全,结构完整,能基本达意。但是,书写潦草,标点符号使用混乱,给阅卷老师的感受是该生基本功差,全文没有亮点词汇和句式,低级错误较多。1.句式方面:句型单一;不会使用非谓语动词和复合句,没有使用特殊句式;2.词汇方面:名词单复数误用(many part),词性混淆(educate),虽然这些错误不影响达意,但是给阅卷老师留下该生语言知识贫乏的印象,因此作文落入低档;3
21、.语法方面:句子结构、时态语态(liked)等用法错误多,这也是档次低的原因。五档作文示例 名师点评本文能写明全部要点;语言基本无误;行文连贯,表达清楚。1.结构合理,使用了经典的三段式。首段开门见山,介绍自己的读报经历;第二段介绍自己喜欢的栏目;第三段表达期望和祝福。2.词汇丰富,句式多样,亮点若干。非谓语动词的灵活运用(attracting more and more readers and helping us)、which引导的非限制性定语从句、as well as的使用等彰显了作者的文采和扎实的语言功底。3.衔接过渡自然。有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,过渡流畅。卷面整洁美观。【我写满
22、分作文】Youth and MeBelieve it or not,the first time I happened to read the newspaper Youth a couple of months ago,I felt an urge to finish reading it in one breath.From then on,I became one of its keen readers,never missing a single issue of it.While many columns leave a deep impression on me,the colum
23、n that stands out most is none other than the one where you regularly put articles about foreign cultures and the most efficient ways of learning English.I feel privileged to have been introduced to your newspaper,which definitely contributes a lot to my progress in English study.Its my sincere hope
24、 that Youth will be more popular among us students.题型微技法题型微技法 分类提升分类提升应用文写作技能应用文写作技能NO.2 NO.2 类型一 类型二聚焦命题明晰增分策略聚焦命题明晰增分策略研命题研命题 透析高考真题,把握命题规律 类别项目文体文体类型话题考情解读2022新高考全国卷邮件(邀请信)半开放类邀请外教做一次访谈写作文体文体文体不再拘泥于书信或者邮件,形式更加灵活,投稿、宣传稿、新闻报道等各种文体都可能涉及。命题形式汉语提示简洁,要点明确,任务具体,属于半开放类,有时带有图表,学生有发挥空间。2022全国乙卷投稿半开放类(图表)学生
25、课外英语学习活动调查2022全国甲卷投稿半开放类世界海洋日主题征文2022浙江1月卷 邮件半开放类分享文化节活动经历类型一 类型二类别项目文体文体类型话题考情解读2021新高考全国卷 投稿半开放类庆贺报纸创刊10周年写作话题涵盖社会生活、学校生活、人物介绍、课外活动、传统文化以及日常生活等各个方面。话题场景真实,与时俱进,立足家国情怀,体现文化自信。2021浙江6月卷宣传稿半开放类 学生国画作品展2020新高考全国卷 新闻报道半开放类 5公里越野赛2020浙江7月卷书信(告知信)半开放类 问候生病外教2020浙江1月卷书信(邀请信)半开放类 参加中文演讲比赛类型一 类型二明策略明策略 升华解题
26、思维,考场有序增分 解题步骤一步审题确定文章的体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和写作要点;第二步列纲列出文章的结构,确定段落中心句,确定写作所用的词汇和句型;第三步成文借助一定的逻辑顺序和过渡语,连词成句,连句成段,连段成文;第四步润色综合运用高级词汇和高级句式结构等手段提升语言表达档次;类型一 类型二第五步誊写确保卷面整洁、书写规范,力求给阅卷老师留下好印象;第六步检查确保单词拼写、标点符号和字母大小写没有错误,减少无谓失分。类型一 类型二备考方向1.未来命题形式仍然以半开放为主,方式会更加灵活,需要考生仔细审题,判断是哪种写作文体,有时甚至会融合两种文体。例如:回复关于约稿的告知信,并呼吁积极
27、参与投稿;宣传你校微信公众号,并倡议大家进行关注,等等;2.选材依旧会贴近学生生活,关注德智体美劳各个方面,深化对英语交际应用能力的考查,体现交际功能和中国文化元素等;3.日常训练要拓宽思路,灵活组题,对不同话题、不同文体的写作内容,进行多角度、多方位的强化训练。类型一 类型二类型一热门考点类型一热门考点(活动报道活动报道/新闻报道、通知、演讲稿新闻报道、通知、演讲稿/发言稿、倡议书发言稿、倡议书)技巧点拨领悟解题之道技巧点拨领悟解题之道万能模板1.活动报道/新闻报道 In order to(目的),(举办方)organized/held a/an(活动).(人物)participated i
28、n/took part in(活动)(时间、地点).Activities include(具体内容一),(具体内容二),and(具体内容三).The activity will provide an opportunity for you to(活动意义).(注意事项).类型一 类型二2.通知 NoticeIn order to(目的),(活动)will be held(地点和时间).The activity is(详细信息),which will be very interesting/meaningful/significant.At the end of the activity,(人物
29、)will(具体事例).Whats more,youre supposed to(要求).All the students of our class are expected to be present on time.Whoever wants to join us is warmly welcome!(日期)(单位)类型一 类型二3.演讲稿/发言稿 Good morning/afternoon,ladies and gentlemen/fellow students/distinguished guests/honorable judges!My name is,from(自我介绍).It
30、 is my great honor to have the opportunity to make this presentation.My topic today is(演讲主题).Everybody knows that(意义).Unfortunately,most people(反面)because its easy to(原因分析).For example,(事实或现象列举),in which(后果).类型一 类型二Besides,(进一步阐述理由).So lets(再次点题).The significance of(主题)cant be emphasized too much.Th
31、ats all.Thank you for your listening/attention.类型一 类型二4.倡议书(对象),Currently,(存在的现象),not only because,but also because(原因).Therefore,its strongly advocated that we should(倡议的内容).Firstly,.Secondly,.Thirdly,(话题或现象列举).What I want to stress is that(重申主题).In a word,(总结).I appeal to every one of you to(具体行动)
32、./It is high time that we started from ourselves and(具体行动)./Lets participate actively in it./Your small act can make a difference.类型一 类型二四步解题示范【典例印证】【典例印证】(2022江苏南通调研)假定你是校学生会主席李华,为了帮助英国交换生更好地了解中国文化,同时提高全体学生的文化意识,学生会将举办“中国文化日”活动,请你根据以下提示,用英语写一则通知,内容包括:1.活动的目的;2.活动的时间、地点、内容、对象等;3.期待同学们的加入。注意:1.写作词数应为
33、80左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。类型一 类型二Notice_The Students Union 类型一 类型二【写作示范】【写作示范】第一步:三审定题,列纲谋篇定题谋篇体裁书面通知第一段活动目的、时间和地点人称第三人称第二段活动的具体内容和主要对象时态一般将来时第三段结束语:提出对学生参加活动的期待第二步:斟酌词句,锁住要点 单词understand,aware,detail,various,experience,traditional,enjoy,perform短语have a nice experience,such as,take part in/join in,have
34、a good time句型三大从句,非谓语动词类型一 类型二第三步:词句升级,升华助篇 词汇提升方法:普通高级示例:variousa variety ofenjoya great feast for eyesperformgive a performanceunderstandhave a better understanding ofawaredevelop ones awarenessdetailrelevant details类型一 类型二句子整合方法:简单复杂,主动被动示例:1.Peking Opera will be performed by our students.It will
35、 be a great feast for the eyes.(简单句)Peking Opera will be performed by our students,which will be a great feast for the eyes.(定语从句)2.We will arrange a variety of activities to let all the students experience traditional Chinese culture.(主动语态)A variety of activities will be arranged to let all the stu
36、dents experience traditional Chinese culture.(被动语态)类型一 类型二 第四步:衔接润色,完美成篇衔接词:to begin with,in addition,besides,whats more,afterwards,at lastNoticeIn order to make the exchange students have a better understanding of Chinese culture and develop everyones cultural awareness,we will organize a Chinese C
37、ulture Festival in the school hall on the afternoon of October 9th.Here are some relevant details.To begin with,a variety of activities will be arranged to let the students have a nice experience of it,such as paper cutting,kung fu and Chinese calligraphy.Whats more,Peking Opera will be performed by
38、 our students,which will be a great feast for the eyes.Wish you to take part in the activities and have a good time.The Students Union类型一 类型二课堂应用课堂应用1假定你是李华。为丰富校园文化生活,激励同学们为追逐梦想而努力,上周日你校举办了“我们都是追梦人”征文比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:1.活动目的;2.活动具体情况;3.活动反响。注意:写作词数应为80左右。参考词汇:追梦人dream chaser类型一 类型二To enrich us st
39、udents school life as well as inspire us to chase our dreams,our school held a writing contest whose theme was“We are all dream chasers”last Sunday.The majority of the students took part in the contest and submitted their entries,in which participants looked forward to their bright future and expres
40、sed their determination to make contributions to our country in the new era.The contest has helped us to build confidence in pursuing our dreams and turned out to be both meaningful and successful.类型一 类型二2(2022浙江金丽衢十二校联考)假定你是李华,你校将举办主题为“How to be a better self”的英语沙龙活动,请你为此准备一份发言稿,谈谈自己的看法。内容包括:1.对a b
41、etter self的理解;2.具体做法。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。类型一 类型二Good morning,everyone!I feel delighted to share some of my views here.Being a better self,I think,means more than being excellent in study but being an all-around person.To be a better self,we should recognize ourselves correctly by knowing o
42、ur strengths and weaknesses.Then,based on self recognition,we need to take action to enhance what we are good at and gain experience from our failures.It is also essential to improve our ability to communicate properly and address difficulties.I strongly believe that a better self can definitely lea
43、d us to a better future and lets make changes from now on.Thank you!类型一 类型二3(2022辽宁沈阳重点高中联合体联考)假定你是李华,你注意到你校学生很少进行英语文学阅读。请你给全校同学用英语写封倡议书,倡导大家多阅读英语文学作品。内容包括:1.介绍现状;2.你对英语文学作品阅读的看法;3.发出倡议。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。类型一 类型二My fellow students,Currently,most students in our school read little English
44、literature,not only because they consider it too difficult,but also because they dont think it is necessary.In my view,however,English literature is what we cant afford to miss.It offers us an opportunity to appreciate the beauty of English and have a taste of a different culture.Better yet,it allow
45、s us to communicate with those great minds.Therefore,I appeal to every one of you to read more English literature and you wont regret it!类型一 类型二4(2022山东济南高三学情检测)假定你是新华国际学校的学生李华,你校学生会拟组织学生本周日去博物馆参观“中国百年成就”展,请你代表学生会用英语写一则通知,内容包括:1.活动目的;2.活动安排(时间、交通方式等);3.参加人员。注意:词数80左右。参考词汇:中国百年成就 Chinas 100-year Achi
46、evements类型一 类型二NoticeDear fellow students,In order to promote students spirit of patriotism,we are going to visit the exhibition of Chinas 100-year Achievements this Sunday.The exhibition will be held in the local museum.Thus,we are supposed to gather at the school gate at 8:00 this Sunday morning a
47、nd take buses.After getting there,all of us can have a close look at pictures and items regarding the past and watch a documentary at the lecture hall.Finally,we will take a picture in front of the museum.All the students who are interested in the exhibition are welcome.Please arrive on time.The Stu
48、dents Union类型一 类型二类型二书信与电子邮件类型二书信与电子邮件(感谢信、道歉信、邀请信、建议信、感谢信、道歉信、邀请信、建议信、申请信、推荐信、投诉信、告知信、求助信、询问信申请信、推荐信、投诉信、告知信、求助信、询问信)万能模板1.感谢信Dear(对象),I am writing to express my sincere thanks/appreciation/gratitude for(感谢的原因).If it had not been for your assistance in(对方给你的具体帮助),I fear that I would have been(没有对方帮
49、助会产生的后果).Everyone agrees that it was you who(给出细节).类型一 类型二Again,I would like to express my sincere thanks to you./Please accept my sincere thanks for your help.I do hope(美好的祝愿或希望).Yours sincerely,Li Hua类型一 类型二2.道歉信 Dear(对象),Im writing this letter to make an apology to you for(道歉的原因).The reason is th
50、at(介绍事由).(进一步阐述理由).I hope youll forgive me for causing you so much trouble/for my not keeping a promise.Can we make it another time when its convenient for both of us?How about(具体时间、地点)?Once again,sorry for any inconvenience caused by me.I sincerely hope you will kindly accept my apologies.Yours sin
