1、名词性从句（主、宾、表、同）P A R T 1简易定义：名词性从句是_。小句当名词用小句当名词用subject clause主语从句主语从句Grammar一、主语从句定义一、主语从句定义小视频端上来什么是主语从句1.I dont know what I am doing.2.Where we will go is important.3.That he is a thief surprised me.4.The news is that we will say good-bye to the Iron Man.5.The message that they were divorced was
2、spread.6.What you said hurts me.7.Whats done is done8.What doesnt kill you makes you stronger.Rule 3找出下列主语从句找出下列主语从句主语从句应使用_语序。1.Where we will have a picnic should be discussed.Where will we have a picnic should be discussed.2.How we go for a picnic should be discussed.How do we go for a picnic shou
3、ld be discussed.Rule 3陈述句陈述句 主语从句的语序主语从句的语序For thousands of years,people have looked to the starry sky and wondered what,or who,is out there.In the early 1600s,Galileo was the first to use his telescope to explore the sky and since then,telescopes have continually improved.Exploring the rulesOne maj
4、or breakthrough came in 1990,When the Hubble Space Telescope was launched.That Hubble is based in space allows it to see further than ground-based telescopes,and it allows scientits to learn more about the universe.Hubble observations have played a crucial role in the discovery of the mysterious dar
5、k energy.Hubble was followed by the Kepler Space Telescope in 2009.Keplers scientific goal is to search for Earth-size planets orbiting other stars.Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved,but the signs are promising:Kepler has detected many suitable planets that are almost the s
6、ame size as the Earth.In recent years,China has developed advanced telescopes as well.One example is the innovative FAST,which is the largest single-dish radio telescope in the world.With a dish the size of 30 football fields,FAST is able to carry out observations with extraordinary sensitivity.One
7、of its scientific goals is to detect communication signals between the stars in the universe.It is clear that telesopes are crucial tools for space exploration and that developing the required tehnology will help astronomers all over the world make exciting dicoveries.How much we will learn from the
8、 telescopes is merely limited by our imagination.二、主语从句引导词二、主语从句引导词你知道主语从句的引导词有那些吗？从属连词 that,whether.the boy didnt know the answer made the teacher angry .make the teacher angrydidnt know the answerThatThat不做成分，没有意义，不能省略。the boy can work out the problems depends on his ability.Whether连接代词:who、whoeve
9、r、whom、whose、what、whatever、which、whichever在句中不仅起连接词的作用，并充当句中的主语、宾语或表语。the cat domade What the cat did made the baby cry.cry连接代词convince him to change his mindarouse my curiosity would convince him to change his mind aroused my curiostity.Who连接代词digest what the teachers teachget higher scorescan dige
10、st what the teachers teach is likely to get higher scores.Whoever连接代词Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.What she said is true.Which book I shall choose hasnt been decided.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.uwho在主语从句中充当在主语从句中充当 _,译为译为 _。uwhat在主语从句中充当在主语从句中充当 _,译为译为 _。uwhich在主
11、语从句中充当在主语从句中充当 _,译为译为 _。uwhoever在主语从句中充当在主语从句中充当 _,译为译为 _。结论：结论：主语主语谁谁宾语宾语东西东西定语定语哪一哪一主语主语无论谁无论谁引导名词性从句时不仅起连接词的作用，也在句中作状语。连接副词：when、where、how、whyattain successunknown He attained success is unknown.How/when/why/where连接副词When the bomb will explode worries the man.Where she is from is unknown.Why he w
12、as late is not important now.How he attained success is unknown.uwhen在主语从句中充当在主语从句中充当 _,译为译为 _。uwhere在主语从句中充当在主语从句中充当 _,译为译为 _。uwhy在主语从句中充当在主语从句中充当 _,译为译为 _。uhow在主语从句中充当在主语从句中充当 _,译为译为 _。结论：结论：状语状语何时何时状语状语何地何地状语状语为什么为什么状语状语怎样怎样引导词总结引导词总结类别类别例词例词说明说明从属连词从属连词that，whether,if两者在从句中均不作成分，两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接
13、作用；只起连接作用；thatthat无实义，无实义，whetherwhether表示表示“是否是否”。连接代词连接代词who，what，which，whoever，whatever等等在从句中作主语、宾语、表在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。语、定语等成分。连接副词连接副词when，where，how，why等等在从句中作时间、地点、方在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。式、原因状语等成分。主语从句的主谓一致主语从句的主谓一致P A R T 3用法归纳用法归纳1.主语从句作主语时，谓语多用单数；2.what引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主语动词的单复数。例：Whether Mar
14、y came or not is none of your business.What you said is of great importance.What you left are several books.1.Whether the patient will be taken _ unknown.2.When and where the patient will be taken _ unknown.3.When the task can be finished and whether he can have a rest _ unknown.4.What he wants most
15、 _ staying with his family.What they need _ masks(口罩口罩).主句的谓语动词，大多数使用主句的谓语动词，大多数使用_ (单数？复数？单数？复数？)由两个连接词引导同一个主从，谓动使用由两个连接词引导同一个主从，谓动使用_(单数？复数？单数？复数？)主语为主语为and连接的两个主从时，谓动使用连接的两个主从时，谓动使用_(单数？复数？单数？复数？)what在主从中做宾语时，谓动由在主从中做宾语时，谓动由_决定单复数决定单复数(主语？表语？主语？表语？)单数单数单数单数复数复数表语表语isisareis areit作形式主语的主语从句作形式主语的主
16、语从句P A R T 4Itbe形容词/名词短语/过去分词/不及物动词 that从句It is certain that the medicine will not bring about side effect,because thousand of patients have taken it.形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)It is a pity that you missed such a good chance.Its said that he has gone to S
17、hanghai.过去分词(said/told/reported等)It appears that he is worrying about something不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter等)句型精讲句型精讲clear,obvious,likely,probable,essential surprising句型一形容词1.It+be+形容词+主语从句 做.是.的例：It was surprising that she passed the difficult exam.It is not clear whether he told a lie.句型精讲句型精讲s
18、aid,reported,believed,thought,announced，estimated句型二过去分词2.It+be+过去分词+主语从句 据.例：It is said that they are identical twins.It is reported that a big earthquake hit the area.句型精讲句型精讲pity,honor,good idea,fact,good news 句型三名词3.It+be+名词+主语从句 做.是.的例：It is a pity that he missed such an interesting film,It is
19、good news that he has recovered.句型精讲句型精讲seem,happen,appear,look,occur,turn out 句型四不及物动词4.It+不及物动词+主语从句例：It happened that they were out that day.碰巧那天他们不在家。It happened that.碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起It seems/appears that.看起来.句型精讲句型精讲worry,shock 句型五及物动词5.It+及物动词+宾语+主语从句例：It shocks me that he failed
20、 in this exam.他没通过考试，震惊到我了。定 义引导词形式主语主谓一致总 结单个主语从句-单数多个主语从句-复数Itbe形容词/名词短语/过去分词/不及物动词 that从句语序陈述语序巧记主语从句整句作主语，其后单谓语整句作主语，其后单谓语莫忘加连词，莫忘加连词，that不略但无义不略但无义“是否是否”置前用置前用whether,其他应用靠翻译其他应用靠翻译主语从句可后置，只需形式主语主语从句可后置，只需形式主语it把它替把它替Working out the rules We can use a noun clause as the subject of a sentence.We
21、 can use(1)_ to introduce a subject clause when the clause is a statement.We can use(2)_ to introduce a subject clause when the clause is a yes-no question.We can use a question word to introduce a subject clause when the clause is a wh-question.We often use(3)_ as a preparatory subject when a subje
22、ct clause is very long.thatwhether it功能功能连接词连接词不作成分不作成分that,whether作主、宾、表、作主、宾、表、what,who,whom,wh+ever作定语作定语which,whose,作状语作状语when,where,why,how Usage of the Conjunctions缺什么补什么缺什么补什么做题原则做题原则依据依据“缺什么补什么缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。原则确定正确的连词。所谓所谓“缺什么补什么缺什么补什么”是指是指从句从句与与连词连词之间的关系。之间的关系。如果句子中缺如果句子中缺主语主语，指，指人人用用who，
23、指，指物物用用what。如缺如缺宾语宾语，指，指人人用用whom，指，指物物用用what。如缺如缺时间状语时间状语用用when；地点状语地点状语用用where。原因状语原因状语用用why；方式状语方式状语用用how。如缺如缺定语定语用用what或或which。如如什么都不缺什么都不缺用用that，Whether表表“是否是否”。.单句填空1._is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.2.It is a pity_we wont be able to go to the south to spend our sum
24、mer vacation.3._caused the accident is still a mystery.4._ is said that he has gone to Shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to Shanghai.)5.It is known to all_ gunpowder was first invented by the Chinese.ItthatWhatItthat1._the factory will employ more new workers is true.2._the witness said was true.3.
25、Every year,_makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.4._the boy distracts frequently in class is what his teacher wants to know.5._the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.6._she left him made him heart-broken.7._ he will come or not is not known yet.Th
26、atWhatwhoeverWhyWhenThatwhetherCircle the mistakes and correct them in the blanks.1 The space mission went so well was beyond our expectations.Predicate verbSubject clauselack of a word introducing the clauseThat the space mission went so well was beyond our expectations.Applying the rules2 Whether
27、they are able to grow more vegetables depend on how much time it takes.Predicate verbSubject clausethird person singularWhether they are able to grow more vegetables depends on how much time it takes.3 It was not clear how long he will stay on the space station.preparatory subjectSubject clausewrong
28、 tenseIt is not clear how long he would stay on the space station.4 What the lunar probe did not land was a worry for the people back on the Earth.Subject clausethe clause is a statementThat the lunar probe did not land was a worry for the people back on the Earth.5 That makes the Chinese people hap
29、py is that China has successfully launched a space rocket.Subject clausethe clause is a questionWhat makes the Chinese people happy is that China has successfully launched a space rocket.Complete the passage with the correct subject clauses in the box below.a how it laid the foundation for future ex
30、plorationb that the data gathered by them provided valuable informationc what advances China will make in the futured why China is one of the world leaders in space exploratione what amazed the whole nation in October 2010The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program is also known as the Change Program.Run
31、by the China National Space Administration,Chinas space agency,it comprises three stages:orbiting,landing,and returning.The programs first spacecraft,Change 1 Lunar orbiter,was launched in October 2007.It successfully orbited and scanned the Moon._ was that Change 2 reached the Moon within just five
32、 days.With better techniques and equipment,Change 2 completed a more detailed scan of the Moon before heading into deep space.The success of the two spacecraft showed the world how far Chinese space exploration had come.It was evident _.eba how it laid the foundation for future explorationb that the
33、 data gathered by them provided valuable informationc what advances China will make in the futured why China is one of the world leaders in space exploratione what amazed the whole nation in October 2010December 2013 witnessed the Chinese spacecrafts first soft landing on the Moon.The landing of Cha
34、nge 3 proved to be a success and _ was plain to see.In January 2019 Change 4 succeeded in landing on the far side of the Moon.In December 2020,Change 5 successfully collected and returned lunar samples.China has successfully completed the three stages of the program.However,_ is anybodys guess.aca h
35、ow it laid the foundation for future explorationb that the data gathered by them provided valuable informationc what advances China will make in the futured why China is one of the world leaders in space exploratione what amazed the whole nation in October 2010Fill in the table below about the major
36、 achievements of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program.Spacecraft Time of launchMajor achievementsChange 1(1)_(2)_Change 2(3)_(4)_Change 3(5)_(6)_Change 4(7)_(8)_Change 5(9)_(10)_In October 2007In October 2010In December 2013In January 2019In December 2020It successfully orbited and scanned the Moon
37、.It completed a more detailed scan of the Moon.It landed on the Moon.It succeeded in landing on the far side of the Moon.It successfully collected and returned lunar samples.主语从句主语从句在写作中的运用在写作中的运用P A R T 5众所周知众所周知公认公认 事实是事实是.很可能很可能.很荣幸很荣幸.不可否认不可否认Its well known that.Its well acknowledged that.Its a
38、fact that.Its likely that.Its an honor that.It is no denying that.你需要知道的是你需要注意的是我将要告诉你的是我在课堂上所学到的知识令我印象深刻的是 令我激动的是what you need to knowwhat you should pay attention to what Im going to tell youwhat I learned in classwhat impressed me most whats really exciting描述大家都知道的事情Its known to us all that/What
39、we all know is thatIt is acknowledged thatIt is a fact that It is no denying that描述可能的事情Its very likely that告知某人要做的/注意的事情what you need to know is that what you should pay attention to is that what Im going to tell you is that 某人的收获what I learned in class is that 描述活动带来的感受what impressed me most was t
40、hat What was really exciting was thatIt is an honor that _and that she brings me a lot of happiness and courage.我从她身上学到的是她非常乐观、有活力而且给我带来了许多快乐和勇气。What I learn from her is that she is quite optimistic and energetic1.他吃瓜这事我们都知道。2.没人知道他吃啥。3.他喜欢那女孩是个不用怀疑的事实。4.他是不是喜欢那女孩都没关系。Exercise 1.他吃瓜这事我们都知道。That he eats a melon is known to us.2.没人知道他吃啥。Nobody knows what he eats.3.他喜欢那女孩是个不用怀疑的事实。It is an undoubted fact that he likes the girl.4.他是不是喜欢那女孩都没关系。It doesnt matter whether he likes the girl or not.Exercise What doesnt kill you makes you stronger.
