1、 1 南昌市外国语学校南昌市外国语学校 2020 届高三英语二轮强化训练届高三英语二轮强化训练 专题专题八八 “新冠新冠”肺炎疫情专题讲解肺炎疫情专题讲解及及习题习题 编写：编写：邹乐铭邹乐铭 2020.3.21 一、一、疫情时期高频单词疫情时期高频单词： 1、 【coronavirus】n. 冠状病毒 corona+virus corona n. 日冕 Corona n. （啤酒品牌）科罗纳； （日本丰田轿车）皇冠 novel coronavirus 新型冠状病毒 novel adj. 罕见的，新奇的 2、 【quarantine】n./v. 隔离 来源：意大利语 quaranta，表示 4
2、0。十四世纪欧洲爆发瘟疫黑死病，威尼斯规定船员需隔离 40 天。后来 逐渐演变为隔离之意。 3、 【whistleblower】 n. 吹哨人；举报者，揭发者 coronavirus whistleblowers 冠状病毒疫情举报者 来源：blow the whistle 足球裁判吹哨 三种写法：whistleblower；whistle blower；whistle-blower Whistleblower Protection Act 美国吹哨人法案 4. 【makeshift】 adj. 临时的，应急的 makeshift hospital 临时医院 5. 【epidemic】 n. 流
3、行病 (源自希腊语)epi- 中间的，-demic 人民 pandemic n. 跨区域的流行病 6、 【clinical trial】 临床试验 例句：China has kick-started a clinical trial to speedily test a drug for the novel coronavirus. 中国已经开始临床试验，迅速测试一项药物是否对新冠病毒有效。 7. 【preliminary test】 初步试验 pre- 在之前； -liminary 卷首，开篇 8. 【mobile cabin hospital】 方舱医院 一般是指军队在特殊情况下，用于医疗
4、的可移动临时医院。武汉的方舱医院主要建立在大型体育馆或者会 展中心里，供轻度患者使用。 9. 【stigma】 n. 污名 Unmarried mothers may face social stigma in this country. 在这个国家，未婚妈妈会在社会上背负恶名。 10、 【epicenter】 n. 地震的震中；某事的聚焦点 the epicenter of the coronavirus 疫情的中心 例句：Xiaoyang, who works at a hotel in Wuhan, the epicenter of the coronavirus outbreak, i
5、s among a group of volunteers providing medical workers with rides. 在疫情的中心城市武汉，在酒店工作的小杨加入了为医护人员提供接送服务的志愿者团队。 11、 【infodemic】 n. 信息的瘟疫 例句：The outbreak has been accompanied by a massive infodemic-an over-abundance of information. 这次疫情伴随着大量的信息瘟疫，换句话说，也就是信息过盛。 12、 【myth-busters】 n. 流言终结者 myth 迷思；-buster
6、 某物终结者 13、 【outbreak】n. 爆发 2 an outbreak of cholera 霍乱的爆发 an outbreak of war 战争的爆发 the coronavirus outbreak 疫情爆发 14、 【respiratory】 adj. 呼吸性的 a respiratory virus 一种呼吸道相关的病毒 respiratory system 呼吸系统 respiratory hygiene 呼吸道的卫生 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS） pneumonia 肺炎 15、 【infect】 v
7、t. 感染 someone is infected with/by the virus 某人感染上病毒 The coronavirus has infected thousands of people. 冠状病毒已经感染了成千上万的人。 infection n. 传染病 infectious adj. 传染性的 contagious adj. 可传染的 susceptible adj. 易受影响的 People of all ages can be infected by the new coronavirus. Scientists dont know who is most suscept
8、ible to the pneumonia-like illness. 现在所有年龄段的人都能感染新冠肺炎，科学工作者还不知道什么年龄段更容易被感染。 16、 【Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia】 新型冠状病毒肺炎 简称：NCP novel adj. 新奇的，罕见的 coronavirus n. 冠状病毒 pneumonia n. 肺炎 17、 【death toll】 死亡人数 toll n. 伤亡人数 18、 【fatality rate】 病死率 fatal adj. 致死的 a fatal accident 一场造成人员伤亡的车祸 19、 【incubation
9、period】 潜伏期 If a disease incubates, it develops in your body until you show physical signs of it. 如果某种疾病处于潜伏期，它会在人体内发展，直到显现出生理特征。 incubation n. 潜伏期；孵化 incubator n. 企业孵化器 20、 【asymptomatic】 adj. 无症状的 symptom n. 症状 词缀 a- 没有 asocial adj. 缺乏社交的 atypical adj. 不典型的 21、 【influenza】 n. 流感（flu） cold n. 普通感冒
10、22、 【peak】 n. 峰值 We suppose the peak time may be reached at the middle or late February，and then keep a little bit plateau and then going down. 我们预计二月中下旬，确诊人数会达到峰值，接着进入一段平台期，再往下走。 23、 【plateau】 n. 平台期；高原 24、 【疾病名称】 Covid-19 其命名权属于 WHO 【病毒名称】 SARS-CoV-2 其命名权属于学术界 3 例：本次疫情，是由 SARS-CoV-2 病毒引发的 Covid-19
11、 疾病 25、 【diagnostic criteria】 诊断标准 diagnostic adj. 诊断的 diagnose v. 诊断 26、 【peak】 n. 峰值，拐点 near the peak 接近拐点 reach the peak 接近拐点 Assuming current trends continue, were still projecting a mid-to-late February peak. 如果目前的趋势得以延续，我们依然预测二月中下旬到达顶点。 peak v. 走向顶峰 A sign that the outbreak may be peaking woul
12、d be a softer angle or plateauing to represent a slowing down of new cases reported. 当曲线上升变得平缓，或者开始走出平台期，就意味着新案例的增速在减缓，这可以视为疫情正在接近拐 点的标志。 27、 【plasma】 n. 血浆 blood plasma 血浆 28、 【antibody】 n. 抗体 The plasma contains large volumes of antibodies for the deadly virus. 这种血浆中包含了大量能消灭这一致命病毒的抗体。 29、 【dischar
13、ge】 vt. 使出院 be discharged 出院 be discharged from a hospital 出院 30、 【wartime control】 战时管制 The local officials announced the wartime control measures for the next 14 days, as part of their efforts to contain the outbreak. 当地政府宣布了接下来 14 天进入战时管制，这是他们控制疫情努力的一部分。 31、 【contain】 vt. 包含，包括：The plasma contain
14、s antibodies. 血浆中包含抗体。 vt. 遏制：contain the spread of the epidemic 遏制疫情的传播 containment n. 遏制，控制 containment efforts 为控制疫情所做的努力 二、语法填空二、语法填空： A【原创】【原创】 U.K. Shields Its Economy From the Virus, but Not Yet Its People Britain moved decisively on Wednesday to protect its economy 1._ the ravages of the cor
15、onavirus, as it prepared to toughen a more cautious medical response that had come under fire, 2._(particular) after a health minister 3._ had mingled at a reception with Prime Minister Boris Johnson fell ill from the contagion. Parliament heard Mr. Johnsons emergency plan to head off an 4._(economy
16、) crash from what the World Health Organization on Wednesday officially described as a pandemic: 30 billion pounds, or $38 billion, in one-time spending in the budget for the overburdened National Health Service and a variety of extra benefits for firms and people 5._(force) out of work because of t
17、he virus. 6._ the total number of confirmed cases in Britain rose to nearly 500, the countrys aggressive economic rescue plan has contrasted starkly with its public-health response to the epidemic. The government has held off on social distancing 7._(measure), which 8._ authorities in Italy, France,
18、 Germany and other countries have adopted. But those 9._ come soon to Britain if the crisis committee decides, as expected, that its strategy is no longer 10._(contain) 4 the virus but to delay its spread. B【原创】【原创】 When Can We Go to School? Nearly 300 Million Children Are Missing Class. Only a few
19、weeks ago, China was the only country 1._(suspend) classes. But the coronavirus 2._(spread) so quickly that by Wednesday, 22 countries on three continents had announced school closures of 3._(vary) degrees. The speed and scale of the educational tumult(混乱)，4._ now affects 290.5 million students worl
20、dwide, the United Nations says has little parallel in modern history, educators and economists contend. The effect of closing them for days, weeks and sometimes even months could have untold repercussions(恶果) for children and societies at large. In some countries, older students have missed crucial
21、study sessions for college 5._(admit) exams, 6._ younger ones have risked 7._(fall) behind in reading and math. Parents have lost wages, tried to work at home or scrambled to find child care. Some have moved children to new schools in areas 8._(affect) by the coronavirus. School and government offic
22、ials have sought to keep children learning and occupied at home. The Italian government created a web page to give teachers access 9._videoconference tools and ready-made lesson plans. Irans government has made all childrens internet content free. The offline reality, though, is 10._(challenge). Tec
23、hnological hurdles and unavoidable distractions pop up when children and teenagers are left to their own devices literally. C【2020 届四川内江市高三二模】届四川内江市高三二模】 This winter seemed1 (long) and colder than previous years as the novel coronavirus broke out in China. However, people, young and old, from all wa
24、lks, of life, have all devoted every effort 2 fighting the virus. In order to contain the spread of the deadly disease, most public sites have remained 3 (close), including barbershops. In response, a mobile barber stand was quickly set up in Feixi county, Anhui province, China. Having done enough 4
25、 ( prepare), three volunteers, wearing masks and using basic tools including scissors, combs and medical alcohol, are acting as mobile barbers, who 5 (serve) hundreds of people since Feb 15. “Many people working in epidemic (传染病) prevention and control have not had their hair cut for more than 20 da
26、ys, and we wanted to do 6 we should do,” said 46-year-old Ge Xianling, one of 7 volunteers. From 2 pm till dusk every day, the team of barbers is8(busy) visiting neighborhoods in city and countryside areas, 9 (give) free haircuts to those at checkpoints for epidemic prevention and control, as well a
27、s elderly locals. “For those who are on duty and cant leave, we go to 10 (they) one by one and ask if they need a haircut,“ Ge said. After each haircut, they carefully disinfect (消毒) their tools before moving on to the next customer. D The total number of suspected patients in Hubei 1._(drop) signif
28、icantly over the last few days, 2._(decrease) from 16,687 on Feb 10 to 11,295 on Feb 11 and to 9,028 on Feb 12. “ The jump in the number of new cases of coronavirus in China reflects a “broader definition“ of infection. 3._is our current understanding that the new case definition widens the net, and
29、 4._(include)not only lab-confirmed cases but also clinically diagnosed cases based on symptoms and 5._(expose) ,“ WHO spokesman Tarik Jasarevic told Reuters（路透社）. Zeng Guang, chief epidemiologist at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention said there are instances 6._suspected patients
30、 have shown typical symptoms of the disease, but they couldnt be listed 5 and treated like confirmed patients 7._their test results for the virus were not conclusive. The commonly 8._(use) diagnostic method requires doctors to take viral samples from the patients throat or nostrils. This approach is
31、 convenient 9._produces less accurate results than the more time-consuming method of sampling from the lung, where there is a higher density of coronavirus. Coupled with a limited supply of test kits and manpower for the tests, some doctors have relied on clinical observations 10._(increase) diagnos
32、tic efficiency. One of the key criteria is to search for signs of pneumonia with CT scans. The combined diagnostic methods will reduce the waiting time for patients to be confirmed and treated, which is instrumental in containing the outbreak. E【原创】【原创】 The Fashion World, Upended by Coronavirus Twic
33、e a year, the luxury fashion houses of the world present their ready-to-wear clothing for the coming season. But this year, the fashion weeks intersected with an outbreak of a new coronavirus. As the virus spreads, the industry isnt so sure 1._ its ability 2._(move)forward. “Empty 3._(seat) at shows
34、 are not the problem it is what is happening in showrooms, the holdups in the supply chains and 4._ they might mean,” said Pascal Morand, the executive president of an organizing body of Paris Fashion Week. Fashion buyers 5._(employ) by retailers and e-commerce platforms negotiate order sizes and pr
35、ices with brands and decide what goes into stores. This happens during intimate showroom 6._(appoint) separate from runway presentations. This seasons orders have been down, designers said. Not 7._(necessary) for big companies like Valentino, Vuitton and Tods, their executives said, but for smaller
36、independent houses, and particularly for those 8._ production takes place even partially in China. In 9._ effort to stop the spread of the virus, thousands of Chinese factories, already closed over the celebratory New Year period, have yet to reopen, 10._(bring) manufacturing to a near standstill an
37、d headaches for many fashion companies that produce samples and wares in the country. Significant added costs from order backlogs and logistics delays are now expected, as well as a looming threat to global trade. A 篇答案：篇答案： 1、from 2、particularly 3、who 4、economic 5、forced 6、As 7、measures 8、the 9、cou
38、ld 10、to contain B 篇答案：篇答案： 1、to suspend 2、has spread 3、varying 4、which 5、admission 6、while 7、falling 8、unaffected 9、to 10、challenging C 篇答案：篇答案： 1longer 2to 3closed 4preparation(s) 5have served / have been serving 6what 7the 8busily 9giving 10them D 篇答案：篇答案： 1、has dropped 2、decreasing 3、It 4、includ
39、es 5、exposure 6、where 7、because 8、used 9、but 10、to increase E 篇答案：篇答案： 1、about 2、to move 3、seats 4、what 5、employed 6、appointments 7、necessarily 8、whose 9、an 10、bringing 三、阅读理解三、阅读理解： A What is a hero? We may think of the fictional characters with supernatural powers or great people who 6 can influen
40、ce world events. Now, as the nation continues its all-out efforts to fight against the novel coronavirus pneumonia(肺炎), medical staff have become heroes in the eyes of the public. As of Feb 19, a total of 32,000 medical staff outside Hubei province have been working to treat patients around the cent
41、er of the outbreak. Zhang Dingyu, the president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, is one of these heroes. Since the hospital received the first seven patients in December, Zhang has been so busy that he barely gets any sleep. Even suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (肌萎缩侧索硬化), the 56-year-old do
42、ctor is doing his best to quicken his pace to save precious time for infected patients. “I have to run, racing against time to save more patients from the deadly disease, because I dont have much time left in my life,” Zhang told Xinhua News Agency. With the duty of saving lives, many medical profes
43、sionals like Zhang have been working long hours for days, despite their fear and worries. Lu Jingjing from Wuhan Childrens Hospital also works at a temporary mobile hospital. She does not let her parents know that she is now working with novel coronavirus-infected patients. When her parents ask for
44、a video chat, Lu says she is working and lets her husband and children chat with them instead. “Its dangerous but we should win the battle with the virus as soon as possible, so that medical staff and patients can go back home,” she told China Daily. US writer Khalil Gibran (1883-1931) once wrote, “
45、Tenderness (柔和) and kindness are not signs of weakness and despair, but the manifestations of strength and resolution.” Its true for the medical workers. Everyone has fear, especially when it comes to deadly diseases. But for medical staff, saving lives comes first and is enough for them to be brave
46、 and stay on the front. They may look like ordinary people in daily life, but in these extraordinary times, they are heroes. 1. What is the authors main purpose in writing this article? A. To explain what makes a modern-day hero. B. To praise medical staff for their efforts to fight against the NCP.
47、 C. To describe what measures China has taken to deal with the virus. D. To showcase the difficulties faced by medical staff treating NCP patients. 2. What do we learn from Zhang Dingyus words? A. His illness has transformed him into an impatient man. B. His illness makes him work without fear. C. H
48、e feels sorry for himself because of his illness. D. He wants to help as many patients as possible. 3. Why doesnt Lu Jingjing answer her parents video calls? A. She is too busy and has no time for video chats. B. She doesnt want her parents to worry about her. C. Its not allowed to make a video call from the hospital. D. There is no WiFi signal at th
