1、20202021学年10月江苏南京秦淮区南京市第一中学高一上学期月考英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）1.A.B.C.D.（1）A.c a b dB.a d b cC.a c d bD.b c a d（2）Look at the center circles of Diagram A and Diagram B.Which of the center circleslooks larger?In Diagram B?In fact,they are exactly the same size.Then look at the picture on the right
2、.What do you see?A vase?Or two faces?Doesthe picture change quickly from one to the other again and again?Maybe or maybe not,butyou can never see them at the same time.Whats happening?Is something wrong with my eyes?You may wonder at what you see.Dontworry.Here is how it goes:When we look at things,
3、our eyes send messages to our brains and then our brains interpret theinformation.However,sometimes our brains interpret the received information in a wrong way.Itseems that our eyes are playing a joke on us.This often happens and we call it visual illusion（错误）.Movie makers often make use of visual
4、illusions.They make the objects around actors muchsmaller or bigger than usual.This makes us believe that the actors are much larger or smaller thanthey usually are.The movies Jurassic Park and Honey I shrunk the kids just make use of visualillusions.Why does the center circle in Diagram A look smal
5、ler than that in Diagram B?Something is wrong with our eyes.The two circles are not the same size.The two pictures change quickly from one to the other.Our brains interpret the information in a wrong way.Whats the right order according to the passage?a.We look at things with our eyes.b.Our brains in
6、terpret the messages.c.Our brains tell us what we have seen.d.Our eyes send messages to our brains.A.B.C.D.（3）What do movie makers make use of visual illusions for?To make the actors seem different in size.To make the actors much braver.To help the actors become stronger.To help the actors look bett
7、er.2.Everyone knows booking all your accommodation with the same hotel chain earns loyalty points,which can be traded for free stays and the occasional bottles of wine.Now a study shows that therecould be performance benefits too.People often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamil
8、iar surroundings.This is aphenomenon known to psychologists as the first-night effect.This is because if a person stays in thesame room the following night,he or she tends to sleep more soundly.Yuka Sasaki and hercolleagues at Brown University in Providence,Rhode Island,set out to investigate（调查）the
9、 originsof this effect.Dr.Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved.The puzzle was in what way it can be beneficial.She also knew from previous work conducted onbirds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that the
10、y can restwhile remaining alert（警觉的）enough to avoid predators（捕猎者）.This led her to wonder if peoplemight be doing the same thing and feeling tired the next day as a result.To take a closer look,the team studied 35 young and healthy people as they slept in theunfamiliar environment of the universitys
11、 Department of Psychological Sciences.The participantseach slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored each time with neuroimaging（神经影像）techniques that looked at the activity of their brains.Their heart rates,muscle and eyemovements were also recorded.Dr.Sasaki found that,as
12、expected,the participants slept worse on their first night in the lab thanthey did on their second,taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall.During deep sleep,the participants brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins.More specifically,on the first n
13、ight only,the left brain did not sleep as deeply as the right brain did.Wondering if the left brains indeed remained awake to process information detected in thesurrounding environment,Dr.Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participantswith a mix of regularly timed beeps（哔哔声）o
14、f the same tone and irregular beeps of a different toneA.B.C.D.（1）A.B.C.D.（2）A.B.C.D.（3）A.B.C.D.（4）during the night.She worked out that,if the left brain stayed alert to keep guard in a strangeenvironment,then it would react to the random beeps by waking people up and would ignore theregularly timed
15、 ones.This is precisely what she found.Based upon these feelings,Dr.Sasaki argues in Current Biology that the first-night effect is amechanism that has evolved to function as something of a neurological（神经学的）night watchmanto wake people up when they hear noises when sleeping in an unfamiliar environ
16、ment.What puzzled the researchers about the first-night effect?What role it has played in evolution.What benefit can be gained from it.To what extent it can affect people.The relationship between it and circumstances.When doing the new research,Dr.Yuka Sasaki .conducted studies on young and old peop
17、legot some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphinsfound birds and dolphins had nearly the same sleeping patternsfound half of birds and dolphins brains remain awake while asleepWhat did Dr.Sasaki do when she re-ran the experience?She analyzed the negative effects of irregular tones on brain
18、s.She recorded the participants adaptation to changed environment.She exposed the participants to two different kinds of noises.She compared the responses of male and female participants.What did Dr.Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?They differed in their tolerance of irregular to
19、nes.They tended to regard irregular beeps as a threat.They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.3.The freezing Northeast hasnt been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter,so when thechance came for a weekend to Sarasota,Florida,my bags
20、 were packed before you could saysunshine.I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C（维生素C）,thinking of beaches and orangetrees.When we touched down to blue skies and warm air,I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools,wine tasting,and pink sunsets（at normal evening hours,not 4 in the a
21、fternoon）A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.（1）A.Having a swim.B.Breathing in fresh air.C.Walking in the morning sun.D.Visiting a local farmers market.（2）A.They are soft.B.They look nice.C.They taste great.D.They are juicy.（3）A.Go to a farm.B.Check into a hotel.C.Eat in a restaurant.D.Buy fre
22、sh vegetables.（4）filled the weekend,but the best partparticularly to my taste,dulled by months of cold-weather rootvegetableswas a 7 a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more thanworth the early wake-up call.The market,which was founded in 1979,sets up its tents every Satur
23、day from 7:00 am to 1 pm,rain or shine,along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries,the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck;and most of all,the tomatoes:amazing,large,soft andround red tomatoes.Disappointed by many a broken,vine-ripened（蔓上成熟的）promise,Ive refuse
24、d to buy wintertomatoes for years.No matter how attractive they look in the store,once I get them home theyreunfailingly dry,hard,and tasteless.But I homed in,with uncertainty,on one particular table at theBrowns Grove Farms stand,full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the re
25、aldeal-and at that moment,I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eatingthings that back home in New York I wouldnt be experiencing again for months.Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight,my happiness deepened when I learned that BrownsGrove Farm is one of the suppli
26、ers for Jack Dusty,a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton,whereluckily for meI was planning to have dinner that very night.Without even seeing the menu,I knew Id be ordering every tomato on it.What did the author think of her winter life in New York?What made the authors getting up l
27、ate early worthwhile?What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?What was the author going to that evening?4.The comebackFausto Ruiz got off the boat at the port of the city where he was born fifty years ago,and to whichhe had been away for twenty years.There were lots of new buildin
28、gs up on the hills around the citynow,buildings which he didnt recognize.Yet many of the old buildings were exactly the same,although many of the old shops were there no more.He walked up the main road and saw that there was still one small caf there which was the sameas it had been.Walking into the
29、 caf,he recognized the owner behind the bar as well as the waiterworking there.They both looked much,much older.Fausto felt certain that he didnt look as old asthey did,even though they were all twenty years older now.Fausto sat at a table and waited.He raised his arm and shouted to the waiter,then
30、to the ownerbehind the bar,but it was useless.They didnt come and ask him what he wanted.They were ignoringhim.Angry,Fausto got up and walked out of the caf.Such ignorant people,he thought.Now Iremember why I left this town twenty years ago,and why I never came back.He walked along the main street a
31、s far as the main square in the town,and when he arrived therehe remembered the other reason why he had never come back.In the main square there was thetheatre.He had a terrible memory of what happened there twenty years ago.Twenty years ago,Fausto Ruiz was the most famous singer in the world.He had
32、 sung in all of the most famous opera houses in the world.Everywhere he went,people paid large sums of money for tickets.When they saw him sing they clapped and applauded and cheered.When he was at the height of his fame,Fausto decided to come back and held a concert in the theatre.The concert was a
33、nnounced,and all the tickets sold out within a few hours.Thousands of peoplecrowded into the theatre to see the legendary Fausto Ruiz sing in the theatre.There was silence as Fausto walked onto the stage.Then he began to sing,one of his bestknown songs.And at the end of the song,there was just silen
34、ce.Fausto waited,very surprised for amoment,and then started to sing another song.At the end of this song,there was silence for amoment.Then the people began to boo,and to hiss.Fausto tried to cover the noise by singinganother song,very loudly this time.But it got worse.The louder he sang,the louder
35、 the boos andhisses became.Soon,there was a rain of rotten fruit and vegetables and smelly old shoes fallingdown.Fausto was extremely angry.He stormed off the stage and out of the theatre.He left hishometown that night,and he said that he would never,ever go back there ever again.A.B.C.D.（1）A.B.C.D.
36、（2）A.B.C.（3）Now,he decided to walk into the theatre.As he walked in he saw it was the same man sellingtickets in the box office.Fausto said hello to him but the man said nothing and ignored him.Still thesame thought Fausto.He felt sad,and left the theatre and decided to see the house where he hadbee
37、n born.He walked all the way across the town,expecting to be recognized by people.He saw some menin the park,who were the same age as he was,and he remembered them.They were his friendswhen he was at school.He walked over to them to say hello,but they,too,ignored him.He was so angry and so disappoin
38、ted that he began to shout,I am the great Fausto Ruiz!Thegreatest singer the world has ever heard!Nobody took any notice of him.When he finally reached his old house,he at least had a pleasant surprise.Outside the house,there was a statue（雕塑）,and it was a statue of himself.Finally!thought Fausto,Som
39、ebody hasrecognized my genius!Fausto went to have a closer look.There was some writing at the bottom of the statue.FaustoRuiz it said,Singer.Fausto was disappointed that it did not say the greatest singer in the world,but at least it was a statue.There was some more writing.He looked carefully at it
40、.There was his dateof birth,fifty years ago.And then there was something else.It was another date,and it was yesterday.It was the date of his death.When he returned home twenty years later,Fausto Ruiz really expected .to see the great changes in his hometownthat the people as old as him could rememb
41、er who he wasthat the people could still appreciate his singingto tell the people there that he could still recognize themWhich of the following directly caused him to leave his hometown?His singing in the most famous opera houses in the world.Too much admiration for him and his singing.What the peo
42、ple did to him in the theater.His willingness to be famous all over the whole world.The underlined sentence Then the people began to boo,and to hiss shows that the peoplethere .thought highly of him and his singingbecame very excited when hearing him singingwere ignoring him and his singingD.A.open-
43、minded and humorousB.ignorant and stupidC.lively and cheerfulD.sensitive and proud（4）were extremely disappointed in him and his singingWe can say that Fausto Ruiz is according to the story.5.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.Fear and not having a clear idea of what we want are two of the main reasons we fail in life.Ou
44、rrelationships are mainly affected by our fears and insecurities,along with the lack of respect,honesty,responsibility and appreciation.1 We choose and create our beliefs,fears and opinions based on all our experiences inlife.Even though things and life are the way they are,mainly,we all have differ
45、ent opinions and beliefsabout everything and everybody.2 They may limit our capacity and intelligence but what reallymatters is the opinion we have about ourselves.You either choose to accept and follow what otherpeople believe or you decide to be yourself and live according to the reality of life.3
46、 It is extremely important to understand how this image created by your beliefs andimagination,directs and influences your growth.This image that you create about yourself determineswho you are and how you feel.It determines how successful you become and how far you can get inlife.4 Even though beli
47、efs create the mental images that influence our behavior,actions and results,inthe end,beliefs are mental states that have nothing to do with reality.People can think whatever theywant about you,but it is entirely up to you either to believe those images and act accordingly,or topicture yourself rea
48、ching the stars.We have to be clear what really matters and what will shape your destiny is what you think aboutyourself,nothing else but the image you create about yourself.Believe blindly in yourself!Everythingstarts in the mind.If you really want to accomplish your dreams,picture yourself having
49、and living thelife you want.5 It doesnt matter how bad or difficult the circumstances may look like.Other people have opinions about us too.Believe in yourself and be confident!Self-image plays a very important role in our life.In short,you are as happy or sad as you see yourself.Experiences are acq
50、uired through our journey in life.More importantly,you should show your respect to others,as well.By living life as it is and being yourself,you create an image about yourself.二、完形填空（本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）6.1.2.3.4.5.6.There is a fine line between a parent who is active and open-minded and one that
