1、上面各句都含有一个关系代词引导的上面各句都含有一个关系代词引导的 定语定语 从句。其中下从句。其中下划波浪线的部分是从句的划波浪线的部分是从句的 先行词先行词，黑斜体是，黑斜体是 关系代词关系代词，又，又被称作从句的被称作从句的 引导词引导词。这些词又可分为指人的。这些词又可分为指人的(包括包括:who/whom/that/whose)和指物的和指物的(包括包括:that/which/whose)。6.Whenever I met her,_ _ was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.2009山东高考山东高考A.whoB.whic
2、hC.whenD.that【解析解析】选选B。考查定语从句。句意：无论我什么时候遇到。考查定语从句。句意：无论我什么时候遇到她，她总是带着甜美的微笑跟我打招呼。本句为非限制性定她，她总是带着甜美的微笑跟我打招呼。本句为非限制性定语从句。用来解释说明整个句子，故用关系代词语从句。用来解释说明整个句子，故用关系代词which。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词：关系词包括关系代词和关系副词：关系代词：关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词：关系副词：when,where,why,how主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整；主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整；从句紧靠先行词，关系
3、词引导要分清；从句紧靠先行词，关系词引导要分清；物用物用which人用人用who,人物人物that有本领；有本领；从名少定用从名少定用whose,关代作宾常可省；关代作宾常可省；限制非限制两种，逗号常是分水岭。限制非限制两种，逗号常是分水岭。1.上海世博园开园第一周就迎来过百万游客。上海世博园开园第一周就迎来过百万游客。The number of people that come to visit Shanghai Expo park in the first week reaches more than one million.分析：先行词分析：先行词 people 在从句中作在从句中作主语
4、主语。2.The magazine(that/which)I bought yesterday is lost.分析：先行词分析：先行词magazine 在从句中作在从句中作宾语宾语。译成汉语：译成汉语：昨天我买的那本杂志丢了。昨天我买的那本杂志丢了。3.All can be done has been done.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom【解析解析】选选B。考查关系代词的选择。先行词。考查关系代词的选择。先行词all 是不定代词，是不定代词，且指物，关系代词一般用且指物，关系代词一般用that。4.The most important thing we should
5、pay attention to is the first thing I have said.A.that;whichB.which;thatC.which;which D.that;that【解析解析】选选D。第一个先行词。第一个先行词thing 前有最高级前有最高级most;第二个第二个先行词先行词thing 前有序数词前有序数词first，所以都只能用，所以都只能用that,不用不用which。5.Can you remember the scientist and his theory we have learned?A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom【解析解析】选选C
6、。句中先行词为。句中先行词为the scientist and his theory，既，既指人又指物，关系代词用指人又指物，关系代词用that。6.Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago?2011临沂高一检测临沂高一检测A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what【解析解析】选选C。考查关系代词的选择。由句意判断。考查关系代词的选择。由句意判断“we visited three months ago”为定语从句，修饰为定语从句，修饰the chicken farm,使用关系代词或关系副词主要取
7、决于先行词指人还是指物且使用关系代词或关系副词主要取决于先行词指人还是指物且在从句中作什么成份，这里在从句中作什么成份，这里visited 后缺少宾语，故选后缺少宾语，故选C。1.that与与which的基本用法的基本用法2.that与与which的特殊用法的特殊用法1)指物时只能用指物时只能用that不用不用which的几种情况的几种情况（1）当先行词是）当先行词是anything,everything,nothing,something,all,none 等代词时，或由等代词时，或由every,any,all,little等修饰时，等修饰时，（2）当先行词被序数词修饰，）当先行词被序数词修
8、饰，（3）当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时）当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,（4）当先行词被）当先行词被the very,the only 修饰时，修饰时，（5）当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时。）当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时。2)指物时只用指物时只用which 不用不用that 的情况的情况（1）引导非限制性定语从句时，）引导非限制性定语从句时，（2）当关系代词前使用介词时。）当关系代词前使用介词时。1.The person is standing under the tree.He is my English teacher.(合并为一个句子合并为一个句子)The person who
9、is standing under the tree is my English teacher.2.Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.2010湖南高考湖南高考A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which【解析解析】选选 A。句意：我已经和我去年英语演讲比赛时认识。句意：我已经和我去年英语演讲比赛时认识的几个学生成为好朋友了。先行词为的几个学生成为好朋友了。先行词为students,指人且与从句指人且
10、与从句谓语动词谓语动词met 构成动宾关系，故用关系代词构成动宾关系，故用关系代词whom。这里可用。这里可用who 代替代替whom,故选故选A。3.The old man yesterday is a scientist.A.I spokeB.I spoke to C.whom I spoke D.that I spoke to him【解析解析】选选B。考查。考查whom引导的定语从句。与某人说话常用引导的定语从句。与某人说话常用speak to sb.的结构，且引导词在定语从句中作宾语时，常可的结构，且引导词在定语从句中作宾语时，常可省略；省略；D项中项中him与与the old ma
11、n重复，该去掉，故选重复，该去掉，故选B。4.Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.5.Who is the man that is standing by the gate?6.Those who learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed.7.Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.8.Theres a gentleman who wants to see you.9.The student tha
12、t was praised at yesterdays meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.who与与whom的用法的用法(1)指人时只用指人时只用that不用不用who的情况的情况当先行词同时包括人和物时。当先行词同时包括人和物时。当先行词是当先行词是who时。时。当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时（可省略）。当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时（可省略）。（2）指人时只用）指人时只用who不用不用that的情况的情况先行词为先行词为one,ones,anyone或或those指代人时。指代人时。there be开
13、头的句子中，句子的主语是先行词，而且是人。开头的句子中，句子的主语是先行词，而且是人。一个句子同时有两个定语从句，其中一个是由一个句子同时有两个定语从句，其中一个是由that引导的，引导的，另一个用另一个用who,以免重复。以免重复。在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。1.The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?2.Thats the new machineparts are too small to be seen.2010山
14、东高考山东高考A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what【解析解析】选选C。句意：那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的。句意：那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。从句子结构分析新机器。从句子结构分析parts与与machine是所属关系，所以是所属关系，所以要用关系代词中的要用关系代词中的whose“谁的谁的”指代指代machines作作parts的定的定语。语。3.Look out!Dont get too close to the house roof is under repair.A.whoseB.whichC.of whichD.what【解析解析】选选A。从句子结构分析，
15、。从句子结构分析，roof 与与house是所属关系，是所属关系，即即the houses roof,所以用所以用whose指代指代the houses作定语。作定语。whose的用法的用法 注意观察注意观察whose引导的定语从句的特征，只要先行词与引导的定语从句的特征，只要先行词与空格后的名词或代词有修饰或所属关系，就要考虑选用关系空格后的名词或代词有修饰或所属关系，就要考虑选用关系词词whose,特别是先行词指物时，易被忽略。特别是先行词指物时，易被忽略。单句改错单句改错1.The man which I met today told me to come back.【解析解析】whic
16、hwhom/who/that2.Some of the girls I invited them did not come.【解析解析】删去删去them，因为关系词在定语从句中作宾语且被省，因为关系词在定语从句中作宾语且被省略了。略了。4.Children eat much sugar often get bad teeth.【解析解析】在在Children和和eat中间加上关系词中间加上关系词who。5.This is who everyone respects.【解析解析】who引导的定语从句前无先行词，故应在引导的定语从句前无先行词，故应在who前加上前加上the person/man等
17、名词。等名词。6.Those who has finished may leave the classroom now.【解析解析】hashave,因为因为who指代的指代的those是复数。是复数。关系代词引导的定语从句中的易错点关系代词引导的定语从句中的易错点1.关系代词的误用。指人还是指物的，作主语、宾语还是定关系代词的误用。指人还是指物的，作主语、宾语还是定语判断不清。语判断不清。2.先行词的遗漏。有些定语从句前往往会被遗漏先行词，从先行词的遗漏。有些定语从句前往往会被遗漏先行词，从而使句子不完整。而使句子不完整。3.关系代词的遗漏。定语从句中不能省略的关系代词容易被关系代词的遗漏。定
18、语从句中不能省略的关系代词容易被遗漏。遗漏。4.定语从句中主谓不一致。因判断不清先行词的单复数而导定语从句中主谓不一致。因判断不清先行词的单复数而导致从句中主谓使用不一致。致从句中主谓使用不一致。.用适当的关系代词填空用适当的关系代词填空1.This is the very novel about which weve talked so much.2.This is the way that/in which/不填不填 he did it.3.Who is the student that was late for school today?4.Who that knows him want
19、s to make friends with him.5.He lives in the room,whose window faces to the south.6.Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.将下列句子改为含有定语从句的复合句将下列句子改为含有定语从句的复合句1.I have a friend.He likes listening to classical music.I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.2.Last week Mary was wea
20、ring the dress.I gave it to her.Last week Mary was wearing the dress that/which I gave to her.3.The girl is from America.Her father is a Chinese.The girl whose father is a Chinese is from America.4.Who is the man?He is drawing a picture over there.Who is the man that is drawing a picture over there?
21、5.My grandparents live in a house.It is more than 100 years old.My grandparents live in a house which is more than 100 years old.单句改错单句改错1.Who is the man whom you said hello to just now?答案：答案：whom that 2.This is the knife with that the doctor did the operation.答案：答案：that which 3.It is one of the bes
22、t pictures which have been sold.答案：答案：which that 4.This is the only book that were borrowed from the library.答案：答案：were was 5.The man came yesterday is our English teacher.答案：答案：man 后面加后面加who.单项填空单项填空1.I will remember those days _ we spent in the countryside together.A.whatB.whenC.whomD.which【解析解析】选
23、选 D。考查定语从句。句意：我将记住我们一起在。考查定语从句。句意：我将记住我们一起在乡下度过的日子。从句中乡下度过的日子。从句中spent后缺少宾语，故选后缺少宾语，故选D。2.I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.A.who B.thatC.as D.what【解析解析】选选B。考查定语从句。不定代词。考查定语从句。不定代词something作先行词作先行词时，用时，用that引导。引导。3.The things and people my grandpa told me when I wa
24、s young still remain fresh in my mind.A.whom B.thatC.whichD.who【解析解析】选选B。考查定语从句。先行词既有人又有物时，只。考查定语从句。先行词既有人又有物时，只能选能选that，不选，不选which,who 或或 whom。4.I shall never forget those days_I spent with the earthquake victims(受害者受害者),_ has a great effect on my life.2011信阳高一检测信阳高一检测A.that;whichB.when;thatC.which
25、;thatD.when;who【解析解析】选选A。考查定语从句。句意：我将永远不会忘记我。考查定语从句。句意：我将永远不会忘记我与地震受害者一起度过的那些日子，这对我的生活产生了重与地震受害者一起度过的那些日子，这对我的生活产生了重大影响。第一个定语从句中缺少宾语，故选大影响。第一个定语从句中缺少宾语，故选which或或that;第第二个定语从句中缺少主语，而且又是非限制性定语从句，只二个定语从句中缺少主语，而且又是非限制性定语从句，只能用能用which，故选，故选A。5.In China,the number of cities is increasing _ development is
26、recognized across the world.A.whereB.whichC.whose D.that【解析解析】选选C。考查定语从句。句意：在中国，其发展得到。考查定语从句。句意：在中国，其发展得到全世界认可的城市的数量在增加。全世界认可的城市的数量在增加。development与先行词与先行词cities之间是所属关系，所以选之间是所属关系，所以选whose。6Which is the bike _ you lost?Athat BwhichCwhoDwhose【解析解析】选选 A。考查关系词的选择。句意：你丢的自行车是。考查关系词的选择。句意：你丢的自行车是哪一辆？先行词是哪一
27、辆？先行词是the bike且在从句中作宾语，当先行词前且在从句中作宾语，当先行词前面有面有which时，关系词常用时，关系词常用that。7.There is a boy downstairs.2011临沂高一检测临沂高一检测A.who wants to see youB.whom wants to see youC.which wants to see youD.he wants to see you【解析解析】选选 A。考查定语从句。先行词为人且关系代词在从。考查定语从句。先行词为人且关系代词在从句中作主语，故用句中作主语，故用who作引导词，故选作引导词，故选A。8.He is the
28、 only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years.A.is B.areC.have been D.has been【解析解析】选选D。关系代词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单。关系代词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由先行词决定。本题中，先行词是复数形式由先行词决定。本题中，先行词是“the only one”,为单数，故谓语动词用单数形式，而且为单数，故谓语动词用单数形式，而且“for three years”又又常与完成时连用，故选常与完成时连用，故选D。A、B 两项时态不对，两项时态不对，C项是
29、复数项是复数形式。形式。【规律方法规律方法】定语从句中的主谓一致知多少定语从句中的主谓一致知多少在定语从句中，当关系代词在定语从句中，当关系代词who,that,which 等作主语时，等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与主句中的人称和数相一致，但是在其谓语动词的数应与主句中的人称和数相一致，但是在“one of+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句”的结构中，定语从句中谓的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式有下列两种情况：语动词的单复数形式有下列两种情况：根据先行词为复数名词而定，采取复数形式。例如：根据先行词为复数名词而定，采取复数形式。例如：His brother is one of the
30、 students who are ready to help others.他他的哥哥是那些乐于助人的学生中的一个。的哥哥是那些乐于助人的学生中的一个。当当one 之前有之前有 the only(或或the very)等限定词和修饰语时，等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句应根据定语从句应根据one 而定，采取单数形式。例如：而定，采取单数形式。例如：She is the only one of the girls who comes from the countryside.她是惟一的一个来自乡下的女孩。她是惟一的一个来自乡下的女孩。9.Those want to see the film put
31、 down your names please.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose【解析解析】选选C。考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是。考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是those,ones,anyone,people 等指人时，用等指人时，用who 引导。引导。10.Tom is good at math,so I think he is the student can help you to work out this problem.A.whomB.whichC.whatD.who【解析解析】选选D。先行词为。先行词为the student，且定语从句中缺主语，且定语从句中缺主
32、语，因此应用因此应用who 引导定语从句。引导定语从句。11.We visited a factory makes toys for children.A.whereB.whichC.in whichD.who【解析解析】选选B。考查定语从句的引导词的选择。先行词为。考查定语从句的引导词的选择。先行词为factory,而且定语从句中又缺主语，故排除而且定语从句中又缺主语，故排除C项；项；A项是关系项是关系副词，只能作状语；副词，只能作状语；who 指人。故选指人。故选B。12.Ill show you a store you may buy all you need.A.where;which
33、B.in which;thatC.which;thatD.that;that【解析解析】选选B。考查定语从句。句意：我要告诉你一个商店，。考查定语从句。句意：我要告诉你一个商店，在那里你可以买到所有你需要的东西。结合语境，先行词为在那里你可以买到所有你需要的东西。结合语境，先行词为store，从句中缺少地点状语，故第一个空应用，从句中缺少地点状语，故第一个空应用in which或或where；第二个空先行词为；第二个空先行词为all，故定语从句用，故定语从句用that引导。正引导。正确答案为确答案为B。13.Do you remember the place _ _ we visited la
34、st year？A.thatB.whereC.when D.in which【解析解析】选选A。考查定语从句。句意：你记得我们去年参观。考查定语从句。句意：你记得我们去年参观的那个地方吗？先行词的那个地方吗？先行词the place 在定语从句中作在定语从句中作visit 的宾语，的宾语，故用关系代词故用关系代词that 或或which，故选，故选A。注意：此题易误选。注意：此题易误选B项。项。14.I dont believe them at first but in fact everything was true.A.that they saidB.what they saidC.which they said D.that said【解析解析】选选A。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，everything后为定语从句，后为定语从句，what 不能引导定语从句，故排除不能引导定语从句，故排除B项；项；D项中成分不全；不定代词作先行词时，用项中成分不全；不定代词作先行词时，用that 引导引导定语从句。注意：不要将此题误选为定语从句。注意：不要将此题误选为B项。项。
