1、过去分词作过去分词作宾语补足语宾语补足语洪洞县山焦中学 郭文明1.What is Object Complement?宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语宾语补足语。概念Step 1某些及物动词某些及物动词（如（如make等）等）+直接宾语（名直接宾语（名词或代词词或代词）+宾语补足语宾语补足语2.带有宾语补足语的一般句型为
2、：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：We think him clever.What he said made me angry.They consider the answer correct.Everyone calls him Tom.宾语宾语宾补宾补1.His father named him Daming.2.They painted their house white.3.You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.4.Nobody noticed him enter the room.5.We saw her entering the r
3、oom.(名词名词)(动词不定式动词不定式)(现在分词或其短语现在分词或其短语)(形容词形容词)(省略省略toto的动词不定式的动词不定式)3.哪些可以做宾补？哪些可以做宾补？5.We must get the work finished by 10 oclock.6.Whenever you may go,you will find him at work.7.Let the fresh air in.8.The plant has its own name.You cannot call it what you will.(过去分词过去分词)(介词短语介词短语)(副词副词)(从句从句)之后
4、之后 补充说明补充说明 被动被动 或完成或完成1.We found the egg eaten by the snake.2.Youd better get the dangerous building pulled down.归纳：归纳：1.宾语补足语一般放在宾语宾语补足语一般放在宾语_,对宾对宾语起语起_的作用。的作用。2.英语中过去分词可作宾补，一般表示英语中过去分词可作宾补，一般表示 _意义，宾语是过去意义，宾语是过去 分词动作的对象。分词动作的对象。练习练习.观察下列句子的过去分词作什么成分观察下列句子的过去分词作什么成分(1)有些有些及物动词及物动词，接了，接了_意义仍不完整，还需
5、要其意义仍不完整，还需要其他成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为他成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为_，简称，简称_。(2)过去分词做宾语补足语，表示过去分词做宾语补足语，表示_,_ 或宾语所处的或宾语所处的_。(3)过去分词与宾语具有过去分词与宾语具有_，即宾语是过去，即宾语是过去分词动作的分词动作的_。状态状态被动被动宾语宾语完成完成动宾动宾(被动被动)关系关系承受者承受者宾语补足语宾语补足语宾补宾补Step 2.过去分词作过去分词作宾语宾语补足语补足语通通常用于常用于以下以下四个四个方面方面 :A.我发现我的钱被偷了。我发现我的钱被偷了。I find my money .B.他
6、看着气球被吹走了。他看着气球被吹走了。He watched the balloon .C.他正要进入大厅，这时他听到有人喊他正要进入大厅，这时他听到有人喊他的名字。他的名字。He was about to enter the hall when he heard his name .归纳：归纳：谓语动词是表示谓语动词是表示_的动词，的动词，如：如：_感觉和心理状态感觉和心理状态 see,hear,watch,feel,think,find,notice,listen to（1）stolenblown awaycalled归纳：表示归纳：表示_的动词，的动词，如：如：_“致使致使”意义意义 ma
7、ke,get,have,help,leave A什么事情使得他们那么害怕呢？什么事情使得他们那么害怕呢？What made them so?B我已让人修理了我的自行车。我已让人修理了我的自行车。I have had my bike .C.昨天，我理发了。昨天，我理发了。Yesterday I had my hair .D.他让人修了他的电视机。他让人修了他的电视机。He got his TV set .(2)frightenedrepairedcutmended注意：注意：在在“have+宾宾+-ed分词分词”这一结构中，这一结构中，have有三种意义：有三种意义：1.表示主动叫别人来做某事，
8、译为表示主动叫别人来做某事，译为 “_”We had the problem solved.2.表示无意识的遭受某件事，译为表示无意识的遭受某件事，译为“_”She had her arm broken in an accident.3.表示表示“_”,事情既可以是别人做事情既可以是别人做 完，也可以由主语参与完成。完，也可以由主语参与完成。He had the walls painted this morning.使某事被别人做使某事被别人做 遭受到某种不幸遭受到某种不幸 使完成某事使完成某事 归纳：表示归纳：表示“_ _”等意义的词，等意义的词，如：如：_等等A.他不喜欢在会上讨论那样的问
9、题。他不喜欢在会上讨论那样的问题。He wont like such questions _at the meeting.B.他命令到明天要完成这个工作任务。他命令到明天要完成这个工作任务。He ordered this work _by tomorrow.C.他们希望有一天在他们的家乡建一座桥他们希望有一天在他们的家乡建一座桥They wish a bridge _in their hometown one day.希望，愿望或要求希望，愿望或要求 want,wish,like,expect,order discussed(to be)finished(3)built归纳：归纳：过去分词用在
10、过去分词用在“_+宾语宾补宾语宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系关系A.整个下午，他都在工作，门锁着。整个下午，他都在工作，门锁着。All afternoon he worked_.with(4)with the doorlockedB.The thief was brought in with his hands behind his back.tied(1)With water_(heat),we can see the steam.水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气。heated(2)With the matter_(settle),we al
11、l went home.事情得到解决了,我们都回家了。settled(3)With all the problems_(solve),he felt relaxed.solved(4).With all the noise_(go)on,I couldnt concentrate on my study.going(5)With all the problems_(solve),the new president will have a hard time.to solve(6)My mother never allow me to play computer games with my ho
12、mework _.（finish）unfinished注意：注意：动词动词 seat,hide,dress 等的过去分词作宾语等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示补足语一般表示状态状态而不表示被动的意义而不表示被动的意义,因因此此,虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系,但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。如如:When I came in,I found a strange girl seated in the corner.我进来时我进来时,发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。Step 3.过去分词与
13、现在分词过去分词与现在分词不定式作宾不定式作宾语补足语的区别语补足语的区别（1）现在分词做宾语补足语时，从逻辑上，）现在分词做宾语补足语时，从逻辑上，他与宾语来说是他与宾语来说是主动（谓）主动（谓）关系关系，即宾语是，即宾语是宾语补足语所表示的动作的发出者。而且它宾语补足语所表示的动作的发出者。而且它强调的是动作在进行或者是在延续。强调的是动作在进行或者是在延续。I saw him _（open)the window.opening（2）不定式做宾语补足语与宾语在逻辑）不定式做宾语补足语与宾语在逻辑上来说也是主动（谓）关系，但它不上来说也是主动（谓）关系，但它不表示动作正在进行，而强调的是表示
14、动作正在进行，而强调的是动作动作的全过程的全过程。I saw him _(open)the window.open（3）过去分词做宾语补足语时，它与宾语）过去分词做宾语补足语时，它与宾语在逻辑上是一种在逻辑上是一种动宾关系动宾关系，即宾语是，即宾语是宾语补足语所表示的动作的承受者。宾语补足语所表示的动作的承受者。归纳：归纳：see,watch,hear,notice等感官动词用于等感官动词用于下列句型的区别：下列句型的区别：如：如：see sb.doing：see sb.do：see sth.done：表示动作正在进行。表示动作正在进行。表一个完成的动作，强调表一个完成的动作，强调动作发生的全
15、过程动作发生的全过程表示被动或完成。表示被动或完成。Step 4.Lets do some exercises!I saw them _()by two men.robbed I saw him _ by his teacher.(被他的被他的老师责备老师责备)blamed blameI saw him _ by a dog.(被一只狗咬了被一只狗咬了)(bite)bitten I saw him _ (beat)by his mother.(被他妈妈打了被他妈妈打了)beaten 小盖头，在学校小盖头，在学校犯错了，老师这犯错了，老师这样打你，行不行？样打你，行不行？I saw him _
16、down by a car.(他被一辆车撞了他被一辆车撞了)knocked(knock)I had my hair _yesterday.(cut)cut1.1.当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都做完了。当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都做完了。When he arrived,he _all the work_.2.我们可以听到沉重的雨滴打在窗户我们可以听到沉重的雨滴打在窗户 We can the windows_ by the heavy rain drops.foundfinishedhearbeaten3.The house is broken.Please get the house
17、_(mend)now.mended1）I often hear the girl _ this English song in her room.2）The girl is often heard _ this English song in her room.3）I hear this English song _ in her room.4）This English song was heard _ by the girl in her room.5）I heard the girl _ this English song in her room when I passed by.sing
18、 to singsungsungsinging4.用用sing的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。5.Errors:1.It was getting dark;I found a car sticking in a pool by the side of the road.2.Im sorry to have kept you waited for me.3.Dont worry.Ill have it to type and get someone sent it to you tomorrow.4.He had trouble making himself understanding.5.Do
19、 you notice the girl dressing a red coat?6.With the hills covering with fallen leaves,the town looks more beautiful.stuckwaitingto sendunderstoodunderstooddressedcoveredtypedtyped7.I found the game excited.8.We usually work only five hours a day,so we have plenty of spare time visit the area and hav
20、e fun.9.I want to have the flowers deliver to my mother on Mothers Day.10.Would you like to get the building complete this week?11.He made his house be decorated by a famous company.excitingtodeliveredcompleted1.Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents
21、 _.A.worried B.to worry C.worrying D.worryA6.选择正确答案2.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out Cthe plan3.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settlin
22、g C.to settle D.being settled4.With trees,flowers and grass _ everywhere,my native town had taken a new look.A.planting B.planted C.to plant D.to be plantedC B 5.I can make you _ what I say,butyou cant make yourself _ in English.A.understand;understandB.understand,understoodC.to understand,understan
23、dD.understand;to be understoodB 6.He found them _ at a table_A.sat;to play chessB.sitting;to play chessC.seated;playing chessD.seat;play the chess7.John rushed out in a hurry,_the door _.A.leaving;unlocked B.leaving;unlockingC.left,unlocked D.to leave;unlockingC A 8 .Helen had to shout _ above the s
24、ound the music.A.making herself hear B.to make herself hear C.making herself heard D.to make herself heard.D9 .I could feel the wind _ on my face from an open window.A.to blow B.blowing C.to be blowing D.blown10.It is wise to have some money_ for old age.A.put away B.kept up C.given away D.laid upBA
25、11.-I cant see the words on the blackboard.-Perhaps you need _.A.to have your eyes examined B.to examine your eye C.to have examined your eyes D.your eyes to be examined12.They woke up,finding everything around _.A.changing B.change C.changed D.to changeA C13.Being poor at English,Im afraid I cant m
26、ake myself _.A.understand B.to understand C.understandingD.understood D 14.I have had my bike _,and Im going to have somebody _ my radio tomorrow.A.repair;to repair B.repairing;to be repaired C.repaired;repair D.to repair;repairing CStep6.Summary:go over we have learnt today.1.What is Object Complement?2.Past Participle as Object Complement3.What is the relation between object and the object complement?1.Ex.23 on P132.Exercises on P25 of JinbanXueAnStep7.Homework
