1、眉山车城中学 付方林04 说明文是以简明的文字介绍事物的形状、性质、构造、变化、功用、特征等的文章。其基本特点是具有知识性、科学性、应用性、解说性和条理性。常见的说明文有解说词、说明书、书文简介、科普小品、内容提要等。在高考书面表达中，说明文的主要命题形式为图表式作文，有时也以图画式和提纲式作文来呈现写作材料或在书信中要求对某节日或现象加以介绍。2019年高考英语考纲对书面表达的要求为：“要求考生根据提示进行书面表达，考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。开头（the beginning)对要说明的事物或事情简要介绍（如说明缘由）。主体（the body)
2、按照题目提供的信息分层次，按一定顺序进行说明，注意语言客观而简明，说明内容在层次和顺序上具有内在的逻辑性。结尾（the ending)一两句收尾的句子，表示说明到此为止。（如题目没有特殊要求，不要写个人对此事物的看法或观点。）1.He was born in a poor family and had to work hard after school.2.When he was a small boy,he showed a great interest in maths.3.Thanks to the help of.,he was able to continue his educati
3、on.4.Between.and.,he studied at.5.From.to.,he first worked as.,and then he became.6.He was honored for.7.She devoted herself to scentific research and made great contributions to.8.She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her scientific achievements.9.His achievements are worthy of praise.10
4、.A recent survey suggests that students are different from each other in learning styles.1.With the rapidly growing popularity of the Internet,people have begun to surf on it.2.It is quite clear that the Olympics will be able to promote our love of the country.3.As is shown in the diagram(图表),the po
5、pulation has increased greatly.4.All that we can do is to get him out of the car and send him to hospital.5.He is considered to be one of the greatest scientists.6.Well known as a detective,he was able to solve the case before the police arrived.7.Born in a poor family,he had to.8.Shanghai City is n
6、o longer what it used to be.9.When young,he showed great interest in maths.10.It was with the help of.that he was able to continue his education.主题开篇（12句）阐述2点 归纳主题，阐明目的 阐述1点 阐述3点说明文中常用连接短语：first of all whats more in additionbesides on the other hand for examplebelieve it or not that is(to say)accord
7、ing toon the contrary in conclusion in a wordgenerally speaking in short 说明文中常用过渡句：1.There are some reasons for traffic accidents as follows.2.Im now giving you a brief introduction.3.If you want to keep fit,please take the following tips.4.In a word,it would be of great help for you if you own such
8、 a robot.5.It can help you a lot in many ways.假定你设计出了一款新机器人-家用机器人，它有多种功能，请你介绍一下其主要功能。注意：1.词数120左右；2.内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。3.参考词汇：家用的 house-hold 突发事件 emergency 主题开篇（直接提出主题“新型机器人”，引起人们注意，概括介绍多重功能2句）Here is a new type of robot-a house-hold robot.It can help us in many ways.主体（较为详细地介绍其各项功能，5句）Firstly it can co
9、ok meals at a fixd time which can be adjusted according to individual needs.That can make your life comfortable,of course.Besides,it can take good care of old people when we are away and accompany them by having a chat,playing chess and doing exercises.Most important of all,it can deal with emergenc
10、ies.For example,once an old man falls ill or falls down suddenly,the robot is sure to call doctors for help.总结归纳，阐明目的（推销产品，2句）In a word,this kind of new robot will surely be of great help and of great convenience to you if you own one.华为Mate20是华为公司2018年10月上市的一款手机，该公司国际营销部现在准备将该款手机打入国际市场，请为该款手机写一份广告推
11、荐书。该手机相关资料如下：1、可操作系统：安卓系统(Android)；2、可安装两张卡；3、有前后两个高清摄像头，4、超大容量：内存:128GB;运行内存：6GB 5、电池容量：4000mAh。6、参考词汇：高清摄像头 HD camera 内存 ROM，运行内存 RAM 电池容量：battery capacity Huawei Mate 20 is a new cellphone introduced to the market in October,2018.Once you own this phone,you wont regret.Now,let me introduce it to
12、you.First of all,the operation system of the phone is Android,and two cards can be fixed in it.Besides,there are two HD cameras,one in the front and the other in the back.Thirdly,the storage of this phone is super large,with its ROM 128 GB and RAM 6 GB.Last but not least,the battery capacity is 4000
13、mAh.If you buy this phone,you can enjoy yourself without worrying about power off all the time.All in all,Huawei Mate 20 is a good choice if you happen to be thinking about buying a new phone.近年来，越来越多人在网上购物订餐甚至预订火车票、客车票、飞机票等，请根据自己的体验和感受，以“Shopping On the Internet”为题，用英语写一篇短文。注意：1、词数100左右；2、开头部分已经给出，
14、不计入总词数；3、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Shopping on the Internet Nowadays shopping on the Internet is becoming more and more popular all over the world.2015年全国卷II 假定你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们过重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。请给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：1.出发及返回时间；2.活动：包饺子、表演节目等。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.结语已
15、为你写好。Dear Lucy,Id like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.Its the day for the elderly in our culture.Well go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly there.Well also spend some fun time together singing,dancing and playing
16、 games,which I hope will make them happy.We should be back at around 4 oclock in the afernoon.If you are able to come with us,please let me know and well wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua 2018全国卷I 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问
17、有关习俗，请你回复邮件，内容包括：1.到达时间；2.合适的礼物；3.餐桌礼仪。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Terry,How are you doing?In your last letter,you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friends home.Now,I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.To begin with,according to our tradition,you are supposed to arriv
18、e early so that you can help the family prepare the dinner,which is meaningful and interesting.Besides,youd better bring some gifts,like a book or a Chinese knot.Whats more,when you are enjoying the meal,you need to avoid making noises while chewing food.Hopefully,these suggestions would be helpful for you.I have the confidence that you will have a great time.Best wishes!Yours,LiHua
