1、Unit1语法专项课件语法专项课件（现在完成时（现在完成时1）初中英语译林版八年级下册初中英语译林版八年级下册Part语法透析语法透析考点大观考点大观易错辨析易错辨析通关训练通关训练语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练现在完成时定义现在完成时定义现在完成时定义三要素现在完成时定义三要素：1.表表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。2.一件发生在过去的事情对现在产生影响。一件发生在过去的事情对现在产生影响。3.一个动作开始于过去，并持续到现在（也许还将一个动作开始于过去，并持续到现在（也许还将持续下去）。持续下去）。We have known each
2、 other since 2005.我们从我们从2005年认识的。年认识的。I have lived in Wuhan for several years.我在武汉住了好几年了。我在武汉住了好几年了。现在完成时结构现在完成时结构语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词+.否定句否定句:主语主语+havent(have not)+过去分词过去分词 主语主语+hasnt(has not)+过去分词过去分词.疑问句疑问句:Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词.?I havent finished my homework.我还没有完成
3、作业。我还没有完成作业。Have you finished your homework?你完成作业了没？你完成作业了没？I have finished my homework.我已经完成作业了。我已经完成作业了。现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练1)表表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。作。Now we have planted all the trees.截止目前，我们种完了所有的树。截止目前，我们种完了所有的树。He has just come back.他已经回来了。他已经回来了。They have built
4、many buildings in this city.他们在这个城市建成了好多建筑物。他们在这个城市建成了好多建筑物。现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练2)表示过去发生的动作表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在强调结果或对现在的影响。的影响。Someone has broken the window.I have already lost the key.I havent read that book yet.I have just cleaned my hands.(窗户现在是坏的窗户现在是坏的)(我现在没有钥匙我现在没有钥匙)(不了解书的内容不了解书
5、的内容)(手是干净的手是干净的)现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练3)表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态。状态。She has learned English for 5 years.她学英语已经五年了。她学英语已经五年了。He has lived in Beijing since he was born.从他出生那天起就住在北京。从他出生那天起就住在北京。Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years?他住在深圳四年了吗？他住在深圳四年了吗？语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练过去分词的
6、变化（规则）过去分词的变化（规则）(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked (2)以以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived-lived(3)以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将结尾的动词，将“y”变为变为“i”，再加，再加“ed”。study-studied-studied (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。drop-dropped-dropped 语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练过
7、去分词的变化（不规则）过去分词的变化（不规则）A.过去分词与不规则动词的过去式形式一样过去分词与不规则动词的过去式形式一样havehadhad spend spentspent makemademadesaysaidsaid findfoundfound hearheardheard meetmetmetleaveleftleftflyfliedflied 语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练过去分词的变化（不规则）过去分词的变化（不规则）B.过去分词与过去式形式不一样过去分词与过去式形式不一样taketooktaken see saw seenspeak spokespoken sing
8、sangsung drivedrovedriven bewas/werebeen gowentgone 语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练过去分词的变化（不规则）过去分词的变化（不规则）C.过去分词，过去式与动词原形一样过去分词，过去式与动词原形一样cutcutcutput putput letletletreadreadread 语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练现在完成时的标志词现在完成时的标志词1标志词：标志词：already(已经已经),yet(已经已经)already:常用于肯定句中常用于肯定句中.yet:常用于否定句常用于否定句,疑问句尾疑问句尾.I have alre
9、ady seen this film.我已经看过这部电影了。我已经看过这部电影了。I havent seen this film yet.我还没有看这部电影。我还没有看这部电影。Have you seen this film yet?你看过这部电影了没？你看过这部电影了没？语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练现在完成时的标志词现在完成时的标志词2since:(自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点He has stayed here since 5 oclock.2)since+时间段时间段+agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since
10、+从句从句She has taught English since he came here.for:(长达）长达）for+时间段时间段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练辨析辨析 have been to和和 have gone tohave been to someplace.曾经去过某地，已经回来曾经去过某地，已经回来has gone to someplace.某人去了某地，还没有回来某人去了某地，还没有回来My father has gone to Shanghai for a meeting.他（已经）去了上海。他
11、（已经）去了上海。My father has been to Shanghai for a meeting.他（曾经）去了上海。他（曾经）去了上海。语法透视语法透视Next考点大观易错辨析通关训练1.Mr.Brown has had his TV _ 15 years.2.Ive taken driving lessons _last month.3.My sister has had her cell phone _a month.4.My friends havent visited me _my birthday.5.We havent used our car _ a long tim
12、e.6.She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _years.7.Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 years old.for since forsinceforforsince用用for 或或since填空填空语法透视语法透视考点大观易错辨析通关训练用用have/has been to,have/has gone to填空填空1.Where is your brother?He _ the shop.Hell be back soon.2._ you ever _ to America?Yes,I _ New York twice.3.Here you are at last!Where _ you _?I _ London.4.David _Australia.Im sure hes already arrived.5.Is Benny here?No,he _ the school library.He left five minutes ago.has gone toHave been tohave been tohave beenhave been tohas gone tohas gone to
