1、.20162016 年年 1212 月大学英语四级真题（第一套）月大学英语四级真题（第一套）Part I Writing(30minutes)Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay.Suppose you have two options upon graduation:one is to take a job in acompanyand the otherto go to a graduateschool.You are
2、 to make a choicebetween the two.Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)Section ASection ADirections:Directions:In this section,you will
3、 hear threenews reports.At the endof each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the newsreport and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear aquestion,you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sh
4、eet 1Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 1and 2 are based on the news report you have just the heard.Questions 1and 2 are based on the news report you have just the heard.1.A)It was going to be renovated.C)It wasdangerous to livein.B)He could no longer pay the rent.D)He had
5、 sold it to the royalfamily.2.A)A storm.C)A forest fire.B)A strike.D)A Terrorist attack.Questions 3and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.Questions 3and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)They lost contact with the emergency department.B)They were injured by sudde
6、nly falling rocks.C)They sent calls for help via a portable radio.页脚.D)They were trapped in an underground elevator.4.A)They provided the miner with food and water.B)They sent supplies to keep the miners warm.C)They released the details of the accident.D)They tried hard to repair the accident.Questi
7、on5 to7 are based on the news report you have just heardQuestion5 to7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)Raise postage rates.C)Close some of its postoffices.B)Improve its services.D)Redesign delivery routes.6.A)Closing offices on holidays.C)Computerizing mail sortingprocesses.B)Sho
8、rtening business hours.D)Stopping mail delivery onSaturdays.7.A）A lot of controversy will ariseB)Taxpayers will be very pleasedC)Many people will begin to complainD)Many post office staff will lose their jobsSection BSection BDirections:Directions:In this section,you will hear two long conversations
9、.At theend of eachconversation,you will hear four questions.Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you heara question,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromfourchoicemarkedA),B),C)and D).Thenmark the correspondingletteran Answer sheet1Answer sheet1with a singleline though the
10、centre.Question8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)He will lose part of his pay.C)He will be given a warning.B)He will go through retraining.D)He is go good terms with hisworkmates.9.A)He is an experienced pr
11、ess operator.C)He is always on time.B)He is trustworthy guy.D）He is go good terms with hisworkmates.10.A)She is a trade union representative.C)She is better at handingsuch matters.B)She is a senior manager of the shop.D)She is in charge of public页脚.relation.11.A)He is always trying to stir up troubl
12、e.B)He is skilled and experienced.C)He is very close to the manager.D)He is always complaining about low wages.Question12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Open.C)Selfish.B)Reserved.D)Friendly.13.A)They rea
13、d a book.C)They stay quiet.B)They talk about the weatherD)They chat with fellowpassengers.14.A)She was unwilling to make friends with workmates.B)She was never invited to a colleagues home.C)She was eager to visit an English castle.D)She was always treated as a foreigner.15.A)House are much more qui
14、et.C)They want a garden of theirown.B)They want to have more space.D)Houses provide moreprivacy.Section CSection CDirections:Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once.After
15、you hear a question,you mustchoosethe best answer from the four choicesmarkedA),B),C)and D).Thenmarkthe correspondingletteron AnswerAnswerSheetSheet1 1 witha singlelinethroughthe centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you ha
16、ve just heard.16.A)They will automatically be given hiring priority.B)They dont have to go through job interviews.C)They are likely to get much higher pay.D)They dont have much choice of jobs.17.A)Visit the school careers services.C)Look at schoolbulletin boards.B)Ask their professors for help.D)Go
17、through campusnewspapers.页脚.18.A)Providing students with information about the library.B)Helping students arrange appointments with librarians.C)Supervising study spaces to ensure a quiet atmosphere.D)Helping students find the books and journals they need.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage
18、you have just heard.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)It tastes better.C)It is easier to grow.B)It may be sold at a higher price.D)It can better survive extremeweathers.20.A)It can grow in drier soil.C)It will replace green teaone day.B)It is immune to various dise
19、ases.D)It is healthier than greentea.21.A)It does not have a stable market.B)It has made tea farmers life easier.C)It does not bring the promised health benefits.D)It has been well received by many tea drinkers.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 22 to 25 are ba
20、sed on the passage you have just heard.22.A)They care more about environment.B)They decorate their homes themselves.C)They prefer unique objects of high quality.D)They need decorations to show their status.23.A)They made great contributions to society.B)They could only try to create at night.C)They
21、were proud of their creations.D)They focused on the quality of their products.24.A)Identify fake crafts.C)Design handicraftsthemselves.B)Make wise choices.D)Learn the importance ofcreation.25.A)To attract foreign investments.C)To arouse publicinterest in crafts.B)To preserve the traditional culture.
22、D)To boost the localeconomy.页脚.Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ASection ADirections:Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You arerequired to select one word for each blank from a list of choices givenin a word bank f
23、ollowingthe passage.Read the passagethrough carefullybefore making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by aletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemon AnswerAnswerSheetSheet2 2 with a singleline throughthe centre.You may not use any of the wordsin the bank more than once.Many
24、 men and women have long bought into the idea that there are“male”and“female”brains,believing that explains just about everydifference between the sexes.A new study（26）that belief,questioningwhether brains really can be distinguished by gender.In the study,Tel Aviv University researchers（27）for sex
25、differencesthe entire human brain.And what did they find?Not much.Rather than offer evidence for（28）brains as“male”or“female,”research shows that brains fallinto a wide range,with most people falling right in the middle.Daphna Joel,who led the study,said her research found that whilethere are some g
26、ender-based（29）,many different types of brain cantalways be distinguished by gender.While the“average”male and“average”fe male brains were（30）different,you couldnt tell it by looking at individual brain scans.Only a small（31）of people had“all-male”or“all-female”characteristics.Larry Cahill,an Americ
27、an neuroscientist(神经科学家),said the studyis an important addition to a growing body of research questioning（32）beliefs about gender and brain function.But he cautioned againstconcluding from this study that all brains are the same,（33）of gender.页脚.“Theres a mountain of evidence（34）the importance of se
28、x influencesat all levels of brain function,”he told The Seattle Times.If anything,he said,the study（35）that gender plays a very importantrole in the brain“even when we are not clear exactly how.”A)abnormalB)appliedC)briefly D)categorizingE)challenges F)figureG)percentageH)provingI)regardless J)sear
29、ched K)similarities L)slightlyM)suggests N)tastes O)traditionalSection BSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with tenstatements attached to it.Each statement contains information given inone of the paragraphs.Identifythe paragraphfrom which the informationis derived.Yo
30、u may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph ismarked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2Answer Sheet 2.Can Burglars Jam Your Wireless Security System?Can Burglars Jam Your Wireless Security System?AAny product that promises to protect yo
31、ur home deserves carefulexamination.So it isnt surprising that youll find plen ty of strongopinions about the potential vulnerabilities of popular home-securitysystems.BThe most likely type of burglary(入室盗窃)by far is theunsophisticated crime of opportunity,usually involving a broken windowor some fo
32、rced entry.According to the FBI,crimes like these accountedroughly two-thirds of all household burglaries in the US in 2013.The widemajority of the rest were illegal,unforced entries that resulted fromsomething like a window being left open.The odds of a criminal usingtechnical means to bypass a sec
33、urity system are so small that the FBIdoesnt even track those statistics.页脚.COne of the main theoretical home-security concerns is whether ornot a given system is vulnerable to being blocked from working altogether.With wired setups,the fear is that a burglar(入室盗贼)might be ableto shut your system do
34、wn simply by cutting the right cable.With a wirelesssetup,you stick battery-powered sensors up around your home that keepan eye on windows,doors,motion,and more.If they detect something wrongwhile the system is armed,theyll transmit a wireless alert signal toa base station that will then raise the a
35、larm.That approach will eliminatemost cord-cutting concernsbut what about their wireless equivalent,jamming?With the right device tuned to the right frequency,whats tostop a thief fromjamming your setup and blocking thatalert signal fromever reaching the base station?DJamming concerns are nothing ne
36、w,and theyre not unique tosecurity systems.Any device thats built to receive a wireless signalat a specific frequency can be overwhelmed by a stronger signal comingin on the same frequency.For comparison,lets say you wanted to“jam”a conversation between two people all youd need to do is yell in thel
37、isteners ear.E Security devices are required to list the frequencies theybroadcast onthat means that a potential thief can find what they needto know with minimal Googling.They will,however,need so know what systemtheyre looking for.If you have a sign in your yard declaring what setupyou use,thatd p
38、oint them in the right direction,though at that point,were talking about a highly targeted,semi-sophisticated attack,andnot the sort forced-entry attack that makes up the majority of burglaries.Its easier to find and acquire jamming equipment for some frequenciesthan it is for others.F Wireless secu
39、rity providers will often take steps to help combatthe threat of jamming attacks.SimpliSafe,winner of our Editors Choicedistinction,utilizes a special system thats capable of separatingincidental RF interference from targeted jamming attacks.When the systemthinks its being jammed,itll notify you via
40、 push alert(推送警报).From there,its up to you to sound the alarm manually.页脚.G SimpliSafe was singled out in one recent article on jamming,complete with a video showing the entire system being effectively bypassedwith handheld jamming equipment.After taking appropriate measures tocontain the RF interfe
41、rence to our test lab,we tested the attack out forourselves,and were able to verify that its possible with the rightequipment.However,we also verified that SimpliSafes anti-jammingsystem works.It caught us in the act,sent an alert to my smartphone,and also listed ourRF interference on the systems ev
42、entlog.The teambehind the article and video in question make no mention of the system,or whether or not in detected them.HWe like the unique nature of that software.It means that a thieflikely wouldnt be ableto Google howthe system works,then figure outa way around it.Even if they could,SimpliSafe c
43、laims that its systemis always evolving,and that it varies slightly from system to system,which means there wouldnt be a universal magic formula for cracking it.Other systems also seemconfident on thesubject of jamming.The team atFrontpoint addresses the issue in a blog on its site,citing their ownj
44、am protection software and claiming that there arent any documentedcases of successful jam attack since the company began offering wirelesssecurity sensors in the 1980s.I Jamming attacks are absolutely possible.As said before,with theright equipment and the right know-how,its possible to jam any wir
45、elesstransmission.But how probable is it that someone will successfully jamtheir way into your home and steal your stuff?J Lets imagine that you live in a small home with a wirelesssecurity setup that offers a functional anti-jamming system.First,athief is going to need to target your home,specifica
46、lly.Then,hes goingto need to know the technical details of your system and acquire thespecific equipment necessary for jamming your specific setup.Presumably,you keep your doors locked at night and while youre away.So the thiefwill still need to break in.That means defeating the lock somehow,orbreak
47、ing a window.Hell need to be jamming you at this point,as a brokenwindow or opened door would normally release the alarm.So,too,wouldthe motion detectors in your home,so the thief will need to continuejamming once hes inside and searching for things to steal.However,页脚.hell need to do so without tri
48、pping the anti-jamming system,the detailsof which he almost certainly does now have access to.KAt the end of the day,these kinds of systems are primarily designedto protect against the sort of opportunistic smash-and-grab attack thatmakes up the majority of burglaries.Theyre also only a single layer
49、in what should ideally be a many-sided approach to securing your home,one that includes common sense things like sound locks and proper exteriorlighting at night.No system is impenetrable,and none can promise toeliminate the worst case completely.Every one of them has vulnerabilitiesthat a knowledge
50、able thief could theoretically exploit.A good system isone that keeps that worst-case setting as improbable as possible whilealso offering strong protection in the event of a less-extraordinaryattack.36.It is possible for burglars to make jamming attacks with the necessaryequipment and skill.37.Inte
