1、选修二选修二unit 1 Using languageLanguage points THE FATHER OF CHINAS AEROSPACE 中国航天之父中国航天之父 Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on Chinas aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man(with great scientific thought and scientific spirit)wh
2、o was patriotic and served his homeland(with effort,achievement,and devotion),Qian was an extremely well-respected man.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对对中国航天科学的中国航天科学的影响影响更大更大了。钱学森备受人们的尊敬，钱学森的故事一书的作者称了。钱学森备受人们的尊敬，钱学森的故事一书的作者称他是一位具有他是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且热爱祖国、的人，并且热爱祖国、勤勉勤勉努力努力、甘于奉献、成就斐然。、甘
3、于奉献、成就斐然。翻译：翻译：钱学森钱学森备受人们的尊敬备受人们的尊敬，钱学森的故事一书的作者称，钱学森的故事一书的作者称他是一位他是一位具有具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且的人，并且热爱祖国热爱祖国、勤勉勤勉努力努力、甘于奉献甘于奉献、成就斐然成就斐然。Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man(with great scientific thought and scientific spirit)who was patriotic and served his homeland(w
4、ith effort,achievement,and devotion),Qian was an extremely well-respected man.Born in Hangzhou in 1911,Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering.However,after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，Qian made the decision to s
5、witch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.钱学森钱学森1911年生于杭州，在北京年生于杭州，在北京上学上学，后来考入上海交通大，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。不过，学，学习铁道机械工程。不过，1932年淞沪会战年淞沪会战爆发爆发后，钱后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空军空军来保卫国家，因此来保卫国家，因此决定决定改学航空专业。改学航空专业。att
6、end to sbdefend_(n)_(adj)defend against保护保护.defensedefensivebreak out(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发突然开始；爆发break away from break down break in break into break up 脱离脱离/挣脱挣脱出故障；出故障；(身体等身体等)垮掉；分解垮掉；分解插话；破门而入插话；破门而入 破门而入；强行闯入破门而入；强行闯入打碎；结束；解散打碎；结束；解散Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue hi
7、s graduate studies.Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s,Qian became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology.As a graduate assistant at the California Institute of Technology during the 1930s,Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion,and in the 1940s,he and several other
8、 people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,now one of NASAS leading space-exploration centres.1935年，钱学森前往美国读研究生。二十世纪三四十年代，钱学森成为美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术的先驱人物。二十世纪三十年代担任加州理工学院的研究生助理研究生助理时，钱学森协助开展火箭推进方面的重要研究工作。二十世纪四十年代，钱学森与其他几人成立了喷气推进实验室，该实验室现已成为美国宇航局领先的太空探索中心之一。同位语assistant n.助手；助理；售货员助手；助理；售货员assist.v-assista
9、nce n.协助，援助协助，援助come to ones assistance 来帮助某人来帮助某人with the assistance of.在在的帮助下的帮助下assist sb.in doing sth.to do sth.in/with sth.帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US，Qian returned to China in 1955.He received a heros welcome from his homeland and was p
10、ut in charge of not only developing Chinas rocket science but also its space and missile programme.At that time,China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped.留学美国的最后几年，钱学森克服困难，于1955年回到中国。他受到了受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。那时候，中国还很贫穷，火箭科学尚不发达不发达。in charge of负责负责/掌管掌管(表状态表状态)charge n.费用；主
11、管；看管；责任费用；主管；看管；责任 v.收费；控诉；要价；指控；充电收费；控诉；要价；指控；充电in the charge of 由由来负责；被来负责；被掌管掌管take charge of 负责负责/看管看管(表动作表动作)free of charge 免费免费 charge(sb.)for sth.为为(向某人向某人)收费收费/要价要价charge sb.with(doing)sth.指控某人指控某人(做做)某事某事(1)Could you please tell me who is in charge here？(翻译翻译)你能告诉我谁你能告诉我谁负责负责这里这里吗？吗？(2)They
12、 charged the buyer too much _ the house(3)The police charged the thief stealing the jewels.警方指控那个小偷偷警方指控那个小偷偷窃珠宝。窃珠宝。(4)The company was badly organized until she it.直到她掌管，这家公司一直管理很差。直到她掌管，这家公司一直管理很差。(5)The company is Tom when the boss is away.Tom is the company when the boss is away.当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业
13、务。当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。withtook charge ofin the charge ofin charge offor No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major,and there were no talents or experts in this field in China.Nevertheless,Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge.When asked Can we Chi
14、nese possibly make missiles?”his reply was a determined Why not?We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.”中国没有一所学院或大学开设火箭科学专业，而且没有该领域的人才或专家。然而，钱学森并不气馁，而是接受挑战。有人问他:“我们中国人有可能制造出导弹吗?他的回答十分坚定:“有什么不能的，外国人能造出来的，我们中国人同样能造得出来。”开设开设 Under Qians leadership,China developed the Dongfen
15、g missiles,followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.In 1970,China successful launched its first man-made satellite,Dong Fang Hong I,from a Long March rocket.Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to Qians research,Qian earned the name of the
16、father of Chinas aerospace.”在在钱学森的领导下的领导下，中国研制出了“东风”导弹，紧接着又研制出第一代“长征”系列火箭。1970年，中国使用“长征”火箭成功发射本国第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”。由于“神舟”系列火箭的大部分技术也可追根溯源到追根溯源到钱学森的研究，因此钱学森被誉为“中国航天之父。under ones guidancewith ones help/assistancedate back to.vi Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable,especially in the area of fron
17、tier science research.However,what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things,such as music and drawing.His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research.钱学森博览群书，尤其在前沿前沿科学研究领域知识极其渊博。然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰
18、出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏力时常给科研工作带来灵感。前沿前沿艺术鉴赏力艺术鉴赏力On 31 October 2009,the whole country was saddened by Qians death,and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.2009年年10月月31日，钱学森逝世，举国哀痛，人们以各种方式纪日，钱学森逝世，举国哀痛，人们以各种方式纪念他缅怀他。念他缅怀他。使悲伤使悲伤 A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT 一个纯思维的世界一个纯思
19、维的世界 Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics.Most people are familiar with images of him in his wheelchair,unable to move and using a computer to talk.Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles，his world became one of
20、 abstract thought.史蒂芬霍金是物理学界最负盛名、最具天赋的科学家之一。大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹、只能通过电脑来说话的样子。他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了一个抽象思维的世界。come down with染上，得了染上，得了(病病)come across come about come up with come out(偶然偶然)遇见；碰见；遇见；碰见；发生发生(无被动形式无被动形式)想出；提出想出；提出出版；结果是；出版；结果是；(花花)开放开放Most people are familiar with images of him in his w
21、heelchair,unable to move and using a computer to talk.Hawking first achieved fame(when he was still healthy enough to walk,)as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964.In general,there were two main theories on the origin of the universe.The first was the steady state theory,whi
22、ch holds that the universe has no beginning or end.The other was the big bang theory,which holds that the universe began at a single point in time and space.The biggest champion of the steady state concept was Fred Hoyle,a professor at Cambridge.霍金最早成名于1964年，当时他身体健康，行动自如，是剑桥大学物理学研究生。总的来说总的来说，宇宙起源有两大
23、理论:第一个是稳恒态理论，认为宇宙无始无终;另一个是大爆炸理论，认为宇宙始于时空中的一个点。稳恒态概念的最大拥护者是剑桥大学的弗雷德霍伊尔教授。be+adj+enough to do sth During the question and answer period after one of Hoyles lectures,Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths.Once the maths was corrected,it showed that the big bang theo
24、ryand not the steady state theorywas true.Hawkings own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes.A star was born。在霍伊尔的一次讲座中，霍金在问答环节站了起来，指出霍伊尔教授计算有误。错误纠正之后显示大爆炸理论而非稳恒态理论是正确的。不久，天文学家用望远镜观察宇宙，验证了霍金对大爆炸理论的研究。一位明星就此诞生。So,what made Stephen Hawking a genius?Besides being br
25、illiant,he was brave,though sometimes careless in what he said or did.He was willing to say what others were afraid to say,and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about.Furthermore,he was quite determined.This had helped him as a scientist,and had helped him even more in his fight against h
26、is disease.Above all,Hawking was willing to admit his faults.This odd combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries那么，是什么使史蒂芬霍金成为一名天才呢?除了才华横溢之外，他还是一个勇敢的人，尽管有时候言行举止比较随意。他敢说别人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。此外，他意志坚定。无论是作为一位科学家，还是与病魔作斗争，这种品质对他都大有帮助，最重要的是，霍金敢于承认错
27、误。这些性格特点的奇特组合使得他成为二十世纪与二十一世纪最伟大的思想家之一。above all最重要的是；尤其是最重要的是；尤其是at all根本根本(常用于否定句和疑问句常用于否定句和疑问句)after all毕竟；终究毕竟；终究first of all首先首先(强调顺序强调顺序)in all一共；总计一共；总计all in all总的说来总的说来(1)Looking back，Diana owes her achievements to the goal she set，the education she received，and above all，the efforts she mad
28、e.回首过去，戴安娜把她的成就归因于她设定的目标和接受的教育，尤其回首过去，戴安娜把她的成就归因于她设定的目标和接受的教育，尤其是，她做出的努力。是，她做出的努力。(2)There were six million visitors ，and the profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges.参观的人数总共是参观的人数总共是600万，博览会的赢利用来建造博物馆和高等学校。万，博览会的赢利用来建造博物馆和高等学校。(3)，I find a bike more enjoyable than a motor
29、cycle.总的来说，我发现自行车比摩托车更令人喜欢。总的来说，我发现自行车比摩托车更令人喜欢。(4)I thought I was going to fail the exam，but I passed .我我原以为我会原以为我会考试考试不及格不及格，但是终究还是通过了。，但是终究还是通过了。in allAll in allafter allmake+宾语宾语+宾补宾补 1.what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other
30、things,2.This odd combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries3.But we find it difficult to make the plot adapted complete and attractive enough.【归纳拓展归纳拓展】“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、或过去分词。如果宾语本身比较复杂，可用“make it(形式宾语)+名词/形容词+to do(that)
31、从句(真正的宾语)”结构。【名师点津名师点津】在“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，除了动词make之外，feel,find,think,consider也可有此用法。单句填空单句填空 Im not very good at French,but I can make myself _ (understand).The news that China succeeded in launching Change 5 made us(excite).New technologies have made possible to turn out new products faster and at
32、 a lower cost.understoodexcitedit Important phrases for writing.Passage 11.have a great impact on.对.有重大影响2.describe.as.认为.是./称.为.3.an extremely well-respected man 极其受尊敬的人4.attend school 上学5.break out 爆发；发生6.switch.to.改变.到.7.air force 空军8.graduate assistant 研究生助理9.conduct important research into rock
33、et propulsion 进行火箭推进领域的重要研究进行火箭推进领域的重要研究 10.in charge of 主管，掌管11.discourage sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事12.take on the challenge 接受挑战13.under ones leadership 在某人的领导下14.launch its first man-made satellite 发射其第一颗人造卫星15.trace back to 追溯到.16.earn the name of 赢得.的名声17.the area of frontier science research 前沿科学研究领域前沿科学研究领域18.deep appreciation for 对对.有深刻的鉴赏力有深刻的鉴赏力19.in different ways 用不同的方式Passage 21.be familiar with 对.熟悉e down 生（病）；染上（病）3.achieve fame 获得名声4.in general 总的来说5.point out 指出6.make a mistake 犯错误7.dream of/about sth.梦想某事8.fight against illness 与疾病作斗争9.about all 最重要的是；首先Thank you
