1、译林版译林版八年级上册八年级上册Unit 8 Natural disastersGrammar学习目标学习目标1.1.学习本课时新单词及短语：学习本课时新单词及短语：break,break down,on the side of the road2.2.学会使用过去进行时。学会使用过去进行时。3.3.学会使用学会使用when,whilewhen,while和和asas。She water the flowers.is ing She is watering the flowers.否定句：否定句：一般疑问句：一般疑问句：She isnt watering the flowers.Is she
2、watering the flowers?对划线部分提问：对划线部分提问：Who is watering the flowers?They were doing morning exercises at 9:50 yesterday morning.from 10 to 10:30 yesterday morning.She was reading a newspaper否定句：否定句：一般疑问句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：对划线部分提问：She was reading a newspaper from 10 to 10:30 yesterday morning.She wasnt read
3、ing a newspaper from 10 to 10:30 yesterday morning.Was she reading a newspaper from 10 to 10:30 yesterday morning?When was she reading a newspaper?过过去进行时去进行时1.定义定义过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或过去某一阶段过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作一直在进行的动作。常与表示过去的具体时间，如：常与表示过去的具体时间，如：at that time，at this time yesterday，at
4、 9 last night,at that moment 等连用。等连用。或者在或者在when,while,as引导的时间状语从句中使用。引导的时间状语从句中使用。eg：I was reading in the library at that time.那时我正在图书馆看书。那时我正在图书馆看书。2.构成构成过去进行时由过去进行时由“was/were现在分词现在分词”构成。构成。am，is的过去式是的过去式是was；are的过去式是的过去式是were。【注意注意】大多数大多数动词直接动词直接加加ing以以不发音的不发音的e e结尾的结尾的动词，动词，去去e e加加inging重读闭音节要重读闭
5、音节要双写结尾的辅音字母加双写结尾的辅音字母加ing动词的现在分词动词的现在分词 Change the verbs into v.-ing answer come borrow run begin change buy celebrate chat cut keep drink carry think writepractise win shop exercise dance swimlieseeingingingingingingingingingingingingingingningningningtingtingmingpingyinging3.句式变换句式变换一般疑问句及回答一般疑问句
6、及回答:Was/Were主语主语v.ing形式其他？形式其他？肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes，主语，主语was/were.否定回答：否定回答：No，主语，主语wasnt/werent.eg：Were you watching TV at home at 9 oclock yesterday evening?昨天晚上昨天晚上9点你在家看电视吗？点你在家看电视吗？Yes，I was./No,I wasnt.是，我是。是，我是。/不，我不是。不，我不是。否定句否定句:肯定句变否定句时在肯定句变否定句时在was/were 之后加之后加not，was not常缩常缩写为写为wasnt，were not 常缩
7、写为常缩写为werent。eg：I was not/wasnt reading in the library at that time.我那时不在图书馆看书。我那时不在图书馆看书。特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：疑问词疑问词was/were主语主语 v.ing形式其他？形式其他？例如：例如：What were you doing at that time?你那时在干什么？你那时在干什么？过去进行时过去进行时Past continuous tensewas/were+doing现在进行时现在进行时Present continuous tenseam/is/are+doing_ the telephone
8、 ,they .Whenrangwere reading_ they were reading,the telephone rang.When/While/Aswhen、while和和as的用法的用法when/as后的动作可以是短暂的也可以是延续的，后的动作可以是短暂的也可以是延续的，while后只能是延续的。后只能是延续的。短暂性动词短暂性动词延续性动词延续性动词表示不能延续的动作，即动表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束作发生后立即结束表示动作发生后可以持续一表示动作发生后可以持续一段时间段时间如：如：begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,f
9、all,finish,go,leave,lend,reach,receive,open,sell,start,stop如：如：live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,write,dance,sing,smoke让我们回到让我们回到when、while和和as的用法中。以过去时态为例的用法中。以过去时态为例，如下表所示：，如下表所示：主从句动作关系主从句动作关系引导词引导词时态时态例句例句同时同时发生发生,主句主句动动作发生的作发生的时候时候,从从句句动作正在进行动作正在进行when；while；a
10、s主主:一般一般过去时过去时从从:过去过去进行时进行时The earthquake happened while/as we were having class.同时进行同时进行while主主:过去过去进行时进行时从从:过去过去进行时进行时I was reading a book while he was sleeping.I was sleeping when the earthquake started.main clause主句adverbial clause状语从句主从句动作关系主从句动作关系引导词引导词时态时态例句例句从句动作发生的时候，从句动作发生的时候，主句动作正在进行主句动作正
11、在进行when主主:过去过去进行时进行时从从:一般一般过去时过去时When I came back h o m e,h e w a s sleeping.从句动作表示主句动从句动作表示主句动作发生的背景作发生的背景as主主:一般一般过去时过去时从从:一般一般过去时过去时As the day went on,the weather got worse.随着日子一随着日子一天天过去，天气也天天过去，天气也变得越来越糟糕。变得越来越糟糕。when,while和和as的用法的用法1.延续性动作延续性动作+while+延续性动作延续性动作2.延续性动作延续性动作+短暂性动作短暂性动作 从句为延续性动作，
12、用从句为延续性动作，用when,while或或as 从句为短暂性动作，用从句为短暂性动作，用whenNote:延续性动作用延续性动作用was/were+doing 短暂性动作短暂性动作用用did 主从句的动作发生有先有后时，只用主从句的动作发生有先有后时，只用when.如：如：When I got to the museum，the door was closed.当我赶到博物馆时，门已经关上了。当我赶到博物馆时，门已经关上了。was readingweredoingwas havingwas walkingWerewaitingwas ringing一、用所给词的适当形式填空1We _(ma
13、ke)a snowman from 3:00 to 4:00 yesterday afternoon.2Amy _(have)lunch at 12:00 yesterday.3She _(watch)TV at home at this time yesterday.4Mr White _(take)a walk when it started to rain.5He _(read)a newspaper while his brother was watching TV.was havingwere makingwas watchingwas takingwas readingExerci
14、ses用用when,while或或as填空填空1.My wallet dropped on the ground _ I was running.2._ I was falling asleep,there was a loud knock on the door.3._ he was reading,an earthquake started.4.Were the students listening to the teacher carefully _ the teacher was giving a lesson?5._ the telephone rang,I became nervo
15、us.when/while/asWhen/While/AsWhen/While/AswhileWhen完完成句子成句子1.昨天晚上迈克来的时候我正在做作业。昨天晚上迈克来的时候我正在做作业。I _ my homework when Mike _ last night.2.安迪正在看电视时，她父亲回来了。安迪正在看电视时，她父亲回来了。While Andy _TV,her father _home.3.我敲门的时候你在干什么？我敲门的时候你在干什么？What were you doing _I _ at the door?4.我去看她的时候，她不是在打扫房间。我去看她的时候，她不是在打扫房间。She _the room when I _ to see her.5.小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。The little girls _ as they _.was doingcamewas watchingcame backwhenknockedwasnt cleaningwentsangwalked
