1、Module 1 British and American EnglishGrammar,Function Speaking and WritingThe Present Simple TenseThe Present Simple Tense:1)1)在时间在时间,条件条件,让步状语从句中让步状语从句中,用主将用主将从现从现;(;(当当ifif从句出现从句出现willwill时时,will,will是情态是情态动词动词,表示意愿表示意愿)Though the work is difficult,we will never give up.2)2)表示按时间表要发生的动作表示按时间表要发生的动
2、作,此情况常此情况常用用go,come,leave,open,arrive,startgo,come,leave,open,arrive,start等等动词动词;3)3)对比赛对比赛,图片图片,剧本剧本,戏剧等的解说、情戏剧等的解说、情节介绍节介绍;Tom carries the ball to the left.GrammarThe Present Continuous TenseThe Present Continuous Tense:1)1)与与always,all the time,constantly,always,all the time,constantly,foreverfor
3、ever等连用等连用,表示说话人责备表示说话人责备,厌恶厌恶,赞赏赞赏等感情等感情,相当于相当于“老是老是”.Jim is always coming late for class.Hes always thinking of others.2)2)表示主语最近计划或安排按将要做的事表示主语最近计划或安排按将要做的事,能这样使用的动词有能这样使用的动词有go,come,leave,go,come,leave,arrive,stay,begin,see,meet,startarrive,stay,begin,see,meet,start等等;He is meeting the manager t
4、omorrow.TensesThe Future Indefinite TenseThe Future Indefinite Tense:1)will:1)will:表示说话时决定做的事表示说话时决定做的事;表示某表示某种预见种预见;有一定的科学根据有一定的科学根据;用在用在“I I think/expectthink/expect”等后的从句中等后的从句中2)be going to:2)be going to:有迹象表明要发生有迹象表明要发生;事先事先计划计划,考虑考虑,安排要做的事安排要做的事.Jim is going to buy a new coat this winter.Look
5、at the dark clouds,its going to rain.Tenses3)be about to do:表示即将发生的动作表示即将发生的动作.(一般不与时间状语连用一般不与时间状语连用,但可与但可与whenwhen从句连用从句连用)The meeting is about to begin.4)be to do:表示约定表示约定,计划计划,安排要做的安排要做的事事.Were to meet at 4:00 this afternoon.The shop is to be opened in may.The Present perfect TenseThe Present per
6、fect Tense:1)1)注意非延续性动词注意非延续性动词,不能与时间段不能与时间段连用连用.He has got married for six years.TensesHe has been married for six years.He got married six years ago.部分非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换部分非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换:buyborrowdiecome herearrive at/inmarrybegin/startfinish/endget upgo outJoinleave/movehavekeepbe deadbe herebe at/i
7、nbe marriedbe onbe overbe upbe outbe in/be+a+n.be away/out ofActivity 1 on page 4uThe British say Have you got?while Americans prefer Do you have?uMany factors have influenced American pronunciation.uSome experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together.an everyday eventpast events
8、which have an effect on the presenta changing situationuSome people now believe that British English will disappear.uIn the future,there are going to be many“Englishes”.uLook!The man is filling his automobile with gas.a possible futurea certain futurean event which is happening now or around now1.En
9、glish grammar has not changed much _ the time of Shakespeare.2.The American spelling system has existed _about 20 years.3.I have been studying English _ I was in primary school.sincesince和和forfor后跟表时间的短语后跟表时间的短语sinceforsince4.We have an American teacher.He has been here _January.5.CNN has been on th
10、e air_ more than twenty years.6.Montia Rajpal has worked for CNN _ the year 2000.sinceforsinceforfor是介词，后跟表示时间段是介词，后跟表示时间段sincesince是介词或连词，后跟表示时间点是介词或连词，后跟表示时间点 uJohn has been in China since two weeks ago.uJohn has been in China for two weeks.uI have worked hard with my English for all the three sen
11、ior high years.uI have worked hard with my English since I was in senior high.Underline the words which introduce reasons.Underline the words which introduce reasons.1.I like Leeds because theres more going on here than back home in the States.2.Since English is spoken all over the world,there are l
12、ots of varieties.Which word do we use more often to introduce a reason?Which expression shows that a situation has changed?Which expression shows that a situation has changed?Which two words often come at the beginning Which two words often come at the beginning of a sentence?of a sentence?3.As I wa
13、s the only British person in the school,they made a fuss of me.4.Im getting on just fine,now that I understand the local accent.Which two words often come at the beginning Which two words often come at the beginning of a sentence?of a sentence?FunctionFunction because because:表直接的,必然的因果关系,语气最强,够成全句的
14、中心;回答why的提问;一般放主句后，也可单独成句。We stay at home because itrained.I did it because he told me to.语气语气 since:因为因为,由于由于,与与asas常可通常可通用用;侧重主句侧重主句,从句表示显然的或已从句表示显然的或已知的理由知的理由,一般放在句首一般放在句首.语气比语气比asas强强.Since everyone is here,lets start.We thought that,since we were in the area,wed stop by and see them.as:由于，鉴于，主从
15、并重；由于，鉴于，主从并重；从句说明原因，主句说明结果；从句说明原因，主句说明结果；一般放在主句前。一般放在主句前。As it was late,I had to go.As it was getting late,I decided to book into a hotel.You can go first as youre the oldest.now that:既然，由于,常用于口语中Now that the kids have left home weve got a lot of extra space.Now that theyve got to know each other a
16、 little better,they get along just fine.ExercisesExercises 1.It is useful to learn English _ it is spoken all over the world.2._ they see lots of American films,the British are used to American accents.3.He must be ill,_ he is absent today.because/asAs/Sincebecause4.Americans like the British accent
17、 _ they think it is cute.5.Its easier to compare Britishand American English_we have the Internet.for表附加或推断的理由，引导的分句表附加或推断的理由，引导的分句前常有逗号，不放句首前常有逗号，不放句首now that for1.He found it increasingly difficult to read,_ hiseyesight was beginning to fail.(2006北京北京)A.and B.for C.but D.or高考链接高考链接2.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada,_ this was a memory she especiallytreasured.(2006广东广东)A.when B.where C.as D.if3.A man cannot smile like a child,_ a child smiles with his eyes,while a man smiles with his lips alone.(2006湖南湖南)A.so B.but C.and D.for
