1、M1U 3 Vocabulary I1.on the rocks1)(关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃=in troubleOur film industry is on the rocks.2)（在酒吧）加冰块Ill have a whisky on the rocks.我要威士忌加冰。on the rocks和with ice两者都有加冰的意思，不同处在于，on the rocks 常用在喝洋酒(烈酒如威士忌、伏特加或特别调酒（cocktail）时，而with ice则是用于可乐、汽水等“软饮料”。2.awkward adj.1)making you feel embarrassed令人尴尬的 T
2、here was an awkward silence.Youve put me in an awkward position.你使得我左右为难，狼狈不堪。2)not moving in an easy way(动作)笨拙的，不舒适的He tried to dance,but he was too clumsy and awkward.3)difficult to deal with 难对付的an awkward customer She smiled _.He laughed to cover up his feeling of _.awkwardlyawkwardness3.sight n
3、.1)the ability to see;eyesight;vision 视力，视觉lose ones sight 失明2)the act of seeing sb/sth.看见My husband faints at the sight of blood.She _a car in the distance.(看见)3)how far you can see 视野，视力范围There was no one in sight.Peace is now in sight.(be likely to happen soon 可能即将发生）out of sight 看不见，在视野外caught s
4、ight of 4）C a thing that you see or can see 看见（或看得见）的事物；景象a rare sight 罕见的景象sights 名胜，风景out of sight,out of mind 眼不见，心不烦on sight 一看见，一见到disappear/vanish from sight 消失不见come into sight 出现，进入视野 come in sight of 看见4.origin n.1)the point from which sth starts 起源，源头the origins of lifeThis particular cust
5、om has its origins in Wales.这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。2)a persons social and family background 身世；出身She never forgot her humble origins.她从未忘记自己卑微的出生。Two thirds of the students are of Asian origin.亚裔country/place of origin 出生、原产国/地original adj.起初的；独创的；原作的起初的；独创的；原作的 n.原作，原稿，正本，原件原作，原稿，正本，原件I think you should go b
6、ack to your original plan.an original idea 独到的见解The original manuscript has been lost.原稿已经遗失。originally adv.原来，起初originate vi.发源，起源；vt.创始，创建 the theory originator cn.创始者，发明者originality un.独创性，创意，独特构思5.medium n.Pl media 1)a way of communicating information,etc.to people（传播信息的）媒介the medium of radio/te
7、levision 广播电视媒介social media 社交媒体2)something that is used for a particular purpose 手段,工具,方法Video is a good medium for learning a foreign language.录像是一种学习外语的好方法.adj.the middle between 2 sizes,amounts,etc.中等的，中号的a man of medium height/build 中等身材的人There are three sizessmall,medium and large.6.make itThe
8、 flight leaves in 20 minutes well never make it.准时到达准时到达Im sorry I wont be able to make it on Saturday.能够出席能够出席He was told he had no talent and would never make it as a professional singer.获得成功获得成功The doctors think hes going to make it.幸免于难，渡过难关幸免于难，渡过难关7.recover1)vi.恢复健康，康复，痊愈Hes still recovering f
9、rom his operation.手术后，他仍在恢复之中。2)vi.to return to a normal state after an unpleasant or unusual experience or a period of difficulty 复原，恢复常态It can take many years_(从恢复)the death of a loved one.The economy is at last beginning to recover.经济终于开始复苏了。to recover from3)vt.to get back or find sth lost/stolen
10、 找回,寻回The police eventually recovered the stolen paintings.警方最终追回了失窃的画.4)vt.to get back the use of your senses,control of your emotions,etc.恢复,重新控制recover consciousness/sight 恢复知觉/视力She seemed upset but quickly recovered herself.她显得心烦意乱，但很快静下心来。recovery n.恢复；痊愈made a full recovery from operation 术后完
11、全恢复make a remarkable/quick/slow recovery 恢复显著、迅速、缓慢economic recovery经济复苏8.horrible adj.令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的a horrible crime/nightmare 骇人听闻的罪行；可怕的噩梦horrible weather 糟透了的天气horribly adv.可怕地；极其，非常9.respond vi.1)（口头或书面）回答，回应 respond to sth with sth 用短信回复了我的信件 respond to my letter with a message2)to do sth as a
12、reaction to sth that sb has said or done 作出反应；响应 他们对这则消息有什么反应？How did they _the news?这种感染对这些药物毫无反应。The infection did not respond to the drugs.respond to response n.in response to sth对做出回应、响应 make no response to 这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。The product was developed in response to customer demand.responsive ad
13、j.反应敏捷的，反应积极的，反应热烈的 公司必须对顾客的需求作出积极反应。Firms have to be responsive to consumer demand.10.loss n.U失去，丧失；C 亏损；c/u去世;sing 损失loss of blood 失血 weight loss 体重减少The closure of the factory will lead to a number of job losses.工厂倒闭会使许多人失业。The company has announced net losses of$1.5 million.The loss of his wife
14、was a great blow to him.他妻子去世对他是个巨大的打击。Her departure _the school.她的离开对学校来说是一个巨大的损失。is a big/great loss to at a loss 1)not knowing what to say or do 不知所措；困惑His comments left me _.他的评论让我不知说什么才好。Im at a loss what to do next.我对下一步做什么心里没谱。2)亏本地We are now operating_.我们现在是亏本经营。at a loss for words at a loss
15、 11.judge v.1）vt.to give your opinion about sb,especially in an unfair of criticizing way评价，（尤指）批评What gives you the right to judge other people?你有什么权利对别人评头论足？dont judge a book by its cover勿以貌取人;勿只凭外表判断2）vt/vi.to form an opinion about sb/sth,based on all the the information you have判断；断定；认为You shoul
16、d never judge a person _their looks.这次巡回演出被认为是大获成功。The tour was judged(to be)a great success.by/fromJudging by/from her last letter,they are having a wonderful time.依据来判断As far as I can judge,all of them are to blame.依我看3)vt.审判，判决judge sb.guilty/not guilty/innocent 判某人有罪无罪4)vt./vi.to decide the resu
17、lt of a competition;to be the judge in a competition 裁判；评判；担任裁判She was asked to judge the essay competition.judge n.法官；裁判员；鉴定人judgement/judgment n.1)U 判断力，识别力She showed _(判断力缺乏)when she gave Mark the job.a decision based on_（良好判断力）以良好判断力为基础的决定2)C/U看法；意见；评价He refused to _the situation.他拒绝对形势作出评价。pass
18、 judgement(on sth.)(对)发表批评意见3)C/U 审判，判决a lack of judgement sound judgementmake a judgement about 12.in the wrong （在事故、错误、争论等中）有错，应承担责任骑摩托车的人显然对事故负有责任。The motorcyclist was clearly in the wrong.two wrongs dont make a right怨怨相报何时了；以牙还牙行不通13.apologize v.道歉，谢罪apologize to sb for sth apology c/un.demand/a
19、ccept an apology 要求道歉、接受道歉make an apology(to sb)for sth 为某事（向某人）道歉owe sb.an apology 需要向某人道歉14.case n.具体情况，事例，实例；案件；诉讼；容器in some/many cases 在某些/很多情况下a classic case of poor design 蹩脚设计的典型例子a murder case 谋杀案 to win/lose a case 胜/败诉a pencil/jewellery case 铅笔盒/首饰盒in any case 无论如何，不管怎样in no case 绝不，无论如何都不
20、(just)in case =because of the possibility of sth.happening以防，以防万一in case of sth.=if sth.happens 如果,要是.in that case 既然那样，如果那样的话15.frank adj.honest and truthful坦率地,坦诚的,直言不讳的be frank with sb.be frank about sth.to be frank 坦率地说对于所发生的一切，他对她是完全坦白的He was completely frank with her about what happened.frankn
21、ess un.坦诚16.trick 1）vt.欺骗，欺诈trick sb.into doing sth.诱使某人做某事trick sb.ou of sth.从某人处骗走某物他骗我借给了他100英镑。He tricked me into lending him 100.2)cn.诡计,花招,骗局;恶作剧;戏法,把戏;诀窍,窍门,技巧play tricks on sb.戏弄某人a magic/card trick _The trick is to bend your knees as you catch the ball.tricky adj.难对付的,棘手的,难办的;(人)狡猾的,诡计多端的魔术
22、/纸牌戏法17.ignore vt.to pay no attention to sth 忽视,对不予理会He ignored all the No Smoking signs and lit up a cigarette.他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的警示，点了香烟。ignorant adj.(对某事物)不了解的,无知的,愚昧的be ignorant of/about sth_ignorance un.无知，不了解对一无所知18.suffer 1)vi.to be badly affected by（因疾病、悲伤、自然灾害、缺少某物等）受苦，受难，受折磨He suffers from depres
23、sion.2)vt.to experience sth.unpleasant,such as injury,defeat or loss 遭受,蒙受suffer huge losses/a defeat/an attack/great pain3)vi.to become worse 变差，变糟Product quality suffers when costs are cut.suffering/sufferings 疼痛，折磨，痛苦sufferer n.受苦者，受难者，患病者19.contact municate with sb.by telephone or letter 联系，联络 I
24、ve been trying to contact you all day.n.联系，联络；接触 have much/little contact with sb keep in contact with sb 与某人保持联系lose contact with sb 与某人失去联系make contact with sb 与某人取得联系avoid eye/physical contact 避免眼神接触Cn.熟人,（尤指）社会关系social/personal contacts network of contacts社会上的/私下的熟人人脉关系，人际关系圈20.explode1)vi.(愤怒等感
25、情)爆发，迸发 Suddenly Charles exploded with rage.查尔斯勃然大怒。2)vi.爆炸=blow up=go offBombs were exploding all around the city.3)vt.使爆炸Bomb disposal experts exploded the device under controlled conditions.炸弹销毁专家在受控条件下引爆了这个装置。4)突增，激增，猛增the exploding world populationexplosion n.爆炸;爆发;激增bomb/gas/nuclear explosiont
26、he population explosion in India explosive adj.易爆炸的，爆炸性的；激增的；暴躁的 n.炸药，爆炸物21.generous adj.1)慷慨的；大方的 be generous with your time 不吝惜时间be generous in giving help 乐于助人be generous to the kids 对孩子很大方It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both.他主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方。2)大量的，丰富的，充足的a generous helping of meat 一大
27、份肉a generous amount of space 空间很大3)宽宏大量的a generous mind 宽阔的胸怀generously adv.慷慨地generosity un.慷慨，大方；宽宏大量他对穷人的慷慨令我影响深刻。Im impressed with his generosity to the poor.an act of generosity 慷慨之举，慷慨的行为22.count on/upon 依靠，依赖；指望=depend on/rely on“Im sure hell help.”“Dont count on it.”count on sb.to do sth.cou
28、nt on(sb.)doing sth.我就靠你帮助我啦。Im counting on your to help me.几乎没人能指望一辈子都干一个工作。Few people can count on having a job for life.count v.1)数数 count from 1 to 102)计算/清点总数 count up the guests3)把算入，包括We have invited 50 people,not counting the children.4)vi.重要,有价值=matter 第一印象真的很重要。First impressions do count.W
29、hat counts is what they do with the money.count for much/nothing 很重要，有价值/不重要，没有价值5）看作，算作，认为 count as我不在把他看做是朋友了。I dont count him as a friend any more.I count myself lucky to have known him.和他相识，我觉得很幸运。dont count your chickens(before theyre hatched)不要高兴得太早23.eat away at1）to reduce or destroy sth.grad
30、ually 侵蚀，消耗，逐渐破坏 他的赌博正在逐渐消耗他们的收入。His gambling is eating away at their income.他不断的批评使她逐渐丧失了自信心。His constant criticism ate away at her self-confidence.2)使某人担心、苦恼24.shallow adj.1）浅的 ant.deepa shallow dish 浅盘the shallow end of the pool 泳池的浅水区2)肤浅的，浅薄的 syn.superficiala shallow argument 肤浅的论点I think he is
31、 shallow,vain and untrustworthy.我认为他浅薄、虚荣、不可信。shallowly adv.shallowness e between A and B 损害之间的关系，离间我不想让这种误解损害我们之间的关系。I dont want this misunderstanding to come between us.26.through thick and thin 同甘共苦，赴汤蹈火，不顾艰难险阻His wife stuck faithfully to him through thick and thin.他的妻子和他同甘共苦，对他坚贞不渝。Hes supported
32、 the team for over ten years through thick and thin.十多年来，在任何情况下他都支持这个队。27.quality n.1)U the standard of sth;how good or bad sth is质量;品质goods of high/good/poor qualityimprove the quality of life2)usu pl.good character（尤指好的）人品，素质，品德have leadership qualities 有领导素质他具有医生所必需的个人素质，比如诚实、宽容。He has the person
33、al qualities necessary to be a doctor,such as honesty and generosity.3)C characteristic,feature 特征，特点the physical and chemical qualities of the rockThe drugs addictive quality is known to all.毒品令人上瘾的特性众所周知。adj.优质的，非常好的quality service 优质服务quality furniture 高档家具28.basis n.pl.bases 基础；原因；基准on the basis
34、 of 在某事的基础上，根据某事 on a regular/daily/weekly basis 定期地；每天；每周The book was written on the basis of careful observations.basic adj.基础的，根本的 principles/informationbase n.底座；基础，根据；基地 vt.把建立在基础上;把总部设在 base A on/upon B A be based on/upon B.base.in be based in Their relationship was based on mutual respect.29.
35、respect vt.尊重，尊敬 respect sb.for sth.n.1）U尊敬，尊重 have/show respect for out of respect for 出于对.的尊重 treat sb.with respect 尊敬地对待某人 2)C 方面 in this respect 在这个方面 in respect of/with respect to 关于,就而言 with all due respect 恕我直言 send ones respects to sb.代某人问候某人respectable adj.体面的，值得尊敬的respectful adj.showing or
36、 feeling respect 恭敬的,表示敬意的 They listened in respectful silence.My parents are respectful to my independence.respectfully adv.恭敬地respective adj.separate 各自的，分别的 go back to our respective homes experts in their respective fields30.get over 1)recover(从不快或疾病中)恢复过来It took me a very long time to get over
37、the shock of her death.我过了很长时间才从她去世的震惊中恢复过来。2)解决，克服，控制 get over the problem=overcome the problem get over your shyness31.efficient adj.效率高的，高效能的，有能力的the efficient use of energy 能源的有效利用an efficient secretary 效率高的秘书ant.inefficient 效率低的，无效率的efficiently adv.高效地efficiency n.效率，效能，功效32.extra adj.额外的，分外的，附
38、加的 adv.额外，另外；特别，格外take extra care额外小心an extra ten minutes 多给10分钟buy one get one extra for free 买一赠一work extra hard 格外努力33.bring out1)使显现，使表现出Fatherhood seems to have brought out the caring side of him.当了父亲以后，他呵护体贴的一面似乎表现出来了。The dress really brings out the color of your eyes.bring out the best/worst
39、in sb.把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出来2）生产；出版 bring out a new album 34.measure v.1)vt.测量，度量measuring cup/tape/instruments量杯、卷尺、测量仪器measure sb.for sth.给某人量体裁衣正在给她量尺寸做婚纱。She is being measured for her wedding dress.2）vt.估量，判定（重要性、价值或影响等）=assess教育不应该纯粹用考试成绩来衡量。Education shouldnt be measured purely by examination results
40、.3)Linking verb.（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为The pond measures about 2 meters across.这个池塘宽约2米.这个尺寸为6*6米的房间将被用作我们的书房。The room measuring 6 by 6 meters will be used as our study.n.度量单位；措施；评判标准，尺度a measure of length 长度测量单位precautionary/preventive measurestake measures to do sth.be a measure of.是对的评判标准Exam results are
41、 not necessarily a true measure of students abilities.in full measure 最大程度低，最大限度地（回报所受之物）They returned our hospitality in full measure.他们最大程度低回报我们的款待。for good measure 外加，额外He sold me the car at a cheap price and included the radio for good measure.他廉价卖给我这辆汽车，还额外奉送了收音机。35.reflection n.1)U审慎的思考，沉思On/U
42、pon reflection,I realized he was right.2)U(光、热、声音等的）反射 the reflection of the sun3)C映照出的影像He admired his reflection in the mirror.4)C a sign that show the state or nature of sth.反映,显示,表达His speech was an accurate reflection of the public mood.他的讲话是公众情绪的准确反映。reflect v.1)vi.仔细思考 He had time to reflect
43、on his successes and failures.2)反射（光、热、声音）White can reflects the heat.3)反映，照出（影像）I can see my face reflected in the mirror.4)反映，显示，表明 The drop in consumer spending reflects concern about the economy.消费支出的下降反映出人们对经济的担忧。reflective adj.能反光的36.seek v.sought,sought1)seek to do sth.=try/attempt to do sth.
44、试图做某事2)try to obtain or achieve sth.争取，谋求 President Donald Trump is seeking re-election.seek funding for a project 为项目募集资金3)to ask sb.for sth.请求，寻求 seek ones advice/help/assistance 寻求某人的建议/帮助 seek legal/medial advice 寻求法律、医学建议4)look for 寻找 seek(for)a job graduates seeking employment 求职的本科生seek ones
45、fortune 寻找成功致富之路，外出闯荡37.escape v.1)get away from 逃跑，逃脱，摆脱 He escaped from prison this morning.2)avoid sth unpleasant or dangerous 避开,避免(不用被动)escape death/punishmentHe narrowly escaped being killed.他险些丧命。3)to be forgotten or not noticed 被忘掉；被忽视；未被注意(不用被动)Her name escapes me.escape ones notice 未被某人注意到
46、escape n.逃跑，逃脱；逃避，解脱I had a narrow escape.我是死里逃生。For her travel was an escape from the boredom of her everyday life.对她来说，旅行是为了从乏味的日常生活中暂时解脱出来。38.benefit n.1)优势,益处Ive had the benefit of a good education.得/获益于良好教育。The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned.2)（公司提供的）褔利，奖金；（政府提供的）补助金，救
47、济金，津贴medical benefits 医疗福利unemployment/housing/child benefitfamilies on benefit 领救济金的家庭benefit v.1)使受益 benefit sb.2)得益于 benefit from sth.beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的 be beneficial to fort Vt.抚慰；宽慰She comforted herself with the thought that it would soon be spring.她安慰自己说春天很快就要来了。n.1)舒服，舒适，安逸 ant.disco
48、mfort the comfort zone 舒适区 They had enough money to live in comfort in their old age.他们有足够的钱舒舒服服地安度晚年。2)（情感的）安慰，慰藉 take/draw comfort from(doing)sth.从中获得安慰3)sing.令人感到安慰的人/事物The children have been a great comfort to me through all of this.孩子们一直是我的一个巨大安慰。4)C usually pl.舒适的设施（或条件）The hotel has all moder
49、n comforts.这家旅馆拥有各种现代化的舒适设施。material comforts(=money and possessions)物质享受comfortable fortably forting adj.令人宽慰的 words With this comforting thought,Harry fell asleep.40.recognize vt.1)认识，认出，辨别出I recognized her by her red hair.2)officially accept or approve正式承认，认可Lawrences novel was eventually recogni
50、zed as a work of genius.劳伦斯的小说终于被认可为是天才之作。3)admit or be aware of 承认，意识到It was recognized that this solution could only be temporary.人们意识到这只是个临时的解决方案。recognizable adj.易被辨认出的recognition n.认识，认出；承认，认可；赏识，赞誉change beyond/out of recognition 变得认不出来seek international/official recognitionHe was presented wi
