1、Grammar4.To find your way can be a problem.3.Smoking is bad for you.1.Jane works hard.5.Being elected as monitor is an honor.6.What she said is not yet known.7.That we shall be late is certain.8.It is certain that we shall be late.Subject（主语）（主语）2.You are a student.3.The old should be respected.（名词）
2、（代词）(名词化的形容词)（不定式）（动名词）（句子）（动名词）单句语法填空(1)(教材教材P50)However,concerned him most was farm-ers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.(2)(教材教材P50)this could be done was a challenging question at thetime.whatthatHow(3)(教材P50)However,it was possible to develop a hy
3、brid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.(4)(教材P50)Today,is estimated about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains,and his strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of ri
4、ce per year.(5)(教材P51)impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his on-going ability to fulfil his dreams.whetheritthatWhatWhat doesnt kill you makes you stronger!What doesnt kill you makes you a fighter!Could you find out the Subject Clauses?在复合句中充当主语作 用位 置谓 语 或 系动 词 之 前Time flies.The boy didnt
5、attend school today.What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.That Yuan Longping had realized his dream of dream of seawater rice surprise the whole world.It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realized his dream of developing seawater rice.导 Could you find out th
6、e Subject?作 用位 置谓 语 或 系动 词 之 前在复合句中充当主语学看全解p151-152测1.What caused the serious traffic accident (remain)unknown.2.we shall be late is certain.3.The deadlines and you need to apply depend on the program.4.you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.5.Its possible we all have compromised con
7、versational intelligence.6.I can say for the folks that gave the most,is that they were full of smiles.展评引导主语从句的关联词引导主语从句的关联词从属连词从属连词(不作成分）不作成分）that无词义whether表“是否”。如果用了形式主语it，whether可换成if。如果whether在句首或后面直接跟or not时，不能换成if。连接代词连接代词（作成分）（作成分）what、who、whom、which、wh-+ever,如whoever、whomever、whatever、which
8、ever,whose等在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分连接副词连接副词（作状语）（作状语）when、where、how、why在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分依据依据“缺什么补什么缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。原则确定正确的连词。所谓所谓“缺什么补什么缺什么补什么”是指是指从句从句与与连词连词之间的关系。之间的关系。如果句子中缺如果句子中缺主语主语，指，指人人用用who，指，指物物用用what。如缺如缺宾语宾语，指，指人人用用whom，指，指物物用用what。如缺如缺时间状语时间状语用用when；地点状语地点状语用用where。原因状语原因状语用用why；方式状语方式状语
9、用用how。如缺如缺定语定语用用what或或which或或whose。如如什么都不缺什么都不缺用用that，Whether表表“是否是否”。devote.to.move people to tears Yuan devoted all his life to developing hybrid rice moved all people around the world to tears.ThatThat不做成分，没有意义，不能省略。the boy didnt know the answer made the teacher angry make the teacher angrydidnt
10、know the answerThattackle the situationdepend on his ability He can tackle the situation depends on his ability.ThatWhetherretire to a life of leisureremain to be seen He can retire to a life of leisure remains to be seen.Whetherboost yieldunclear they will boost yield is unclear.Whether从属连词【练一练】1._
11、she left him made him heart-broken.2._ he is still alive is a piece of good news to us.3._ he will come or not is not known yet.4._his family would support him made him worried.5.It doesnt matter _ your home is in a noisy downtown or in the remote countryside.6.Its uncertain _ the experiment is wort
12、h doing.7._ seat belts save lives has been proven once and again.ThatThatwhetherwhether从属连词从属连词（不做成分）（不做成分）that,whetherWhetherWhetherThatattain successunknown He attained success is unknown.How连接副词bomb will explodeworry the man the bomb will explode worries the man.When连接副词【练一练】1.Exactly _ the potat
13、o was introduced into Europe is uncertain,but it was probably around 1565.2._ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.3.It remains a puzzle _ dinosaurs died out suddenly long time ago._ we will go tomorrow hasnt been decided yet.5._ the earth is becoming warm is a good topic for
14、 research.whenWhenwhyWhy连接副词连接副词（作状语）（作状语）when,where,how,whythe cat domade What the cat did made the baby cry.cry连接代词convince him to change his mindarouse my curiosity would convince him to change his mind aroused my curiostity.Who连接代词digest what the teachers teachget higher scorescan digest what th
15、e teachers teach is likely to get higher scores.Whoever连接代词【练一练】1.More than 100 students have entered for the competition,and_ gains the most points will be the winner.2._ bothers me is that I cant keep my mind on the task,but on personal gains or losses.3.Some people believe _ has happened before o
16、r is happening now will repeat itself in the future.4._ seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.whoeverWhatwhatever连接代词连接代词（作主语，宾（作主语，宾语，表语）语，表语）Whatwhat,who,whom,whose,which,wh+ever探寻规律探寻规律1 1：主语从句主语从句 主谓一致主谓一致 问题问题1.Whether the patient will be taken _ unknown.2.When and where the patie
17、nt will be taken _ unknown.3.When the task can be finished and whether he can have a rest _ unknown.4.What he wants most _ staying with his family.What they need _ masks(口罩口罩).主句的谓语动词，大多数使用主句的谓语动词，大多数使用_ (单数？复数？单数？复数？)由两个连接词引导同一个主从，谓动使用由两个连接词引导同一个主从，谓动使用_(单数？复数？单数？复数？)主语为主语为and连接的两个主从时，谓动使用连接的两个主从时，
18、谓动使用_(单数？复数？单数？复数？)what在主从中做宾语时，谓动由在主从中做宾语时，谓动由_决定单复数决定单复数(主语？表语？主语？表语？)单数单数单数单数复数复数表语表语isisareis areComplete the sentences using what,whether,where,when,who,why,how or that.1.(_ is needed for success)is your hard work.3.(_ we will go tomorrow)hasnt been decided yet.2.(_ they will arrive)has been to
19、ld to the teacher.4.(_can join in the sport meet)is decided by the teacher.5.(_ it will rain or not)is not clear.7.(_ the earth is a solid ball)is known to us all.WhatWhere/WhetherWhoWhetherThat6.(_ the earth is becoming warm)is a good topic for research.WhyWhen/How主语从句应使用_语序。1.Where we will have a
20、picnic should be discussed.Where will we have a picnic should be discussed.2.How we go for a picnic should be discussed.How do we go for a picnic should be discussed.Rule 3陈述句陈述句探寻规律探寻规律2 2：主语从句的语序主语从句的语序That all countries work together is important.探寻规律探寻规律3 3：主语从句太长怎么办？主语从句太长怎么办？用一个用一个 It 来解决问题！来解
21、决问题！It is important that all countries work together.Itbe形容词/名词短语/过去分词/不及物动词 that从句It is certain that the medicine will not bring about side effect,because thousand of patients have taken it.形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)It is a pity that you missed such a g
22、ood chance.Its said that he has gone to Shanghai.过去分词(said/told/reported等)It appears that he is worrying about something不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter等)1)It is/系动词系动词+adj.+从句从句 常见的形容词有：常见的形容词有：Its certain that 肯定肯定 It is possible that.可能可能 It is(un)likely that.不可能不可能 It is obvious that 很明显很明显 It is
23、 necessary/important/natural/clear/right/strange/surprising/interesting/essential/.that_(可能可能)she will come back tomorrow._ (很明显很明显)this measure is effective.+(should)+doIt is possible thatIt is obvious that 2)It is/系动词系动词+n.+从句从句 It is a pity/shame that.遗憾的是遗憾的是 It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是令人惊奇的是 It
24、 is a fact/a problem/a wonder/an honner/a surprise/no wonder难怪难怪/good news/a good thing/a question/that 是事实是事实 It is common knowledge that 是常识是常识_(很遗憾很遗憾)we lost the match._(这是事实这是事实)he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that3)It+be+过去分词过去分词+从句从句 It is said/told/heard that.据说据说 It is
25、well known to all.众所周知众所周知 It is reported/announced.据报道据报道 It is found out.据查明据查明.It is estimated.据估计据估计 It is believed/hoped/thought/considered.人们相信人们相信 It is suggested that+(should）do.人们人们建议建议It must be admitted 必须承认必须承认 It cannot be denied 不可否认不可否认 It must be pointed out 需指出的是需指出的是*_(据报道据报道)20 pe
26、ople were killed in the accident.*_(建议建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is suggested that4)It+不及物动词不及物动词+从句从句 It happened that.碰巧碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起我突然想起 It seems/appears that.看起来看起来.*_(我突然想起我突然想起)I forget to send the letter.It occurred to me that展
27、评1.What caused the serious traffic accident (remain)unknown.2.we shall be late is certain.3.The deadlines and you need to apply depend on the program.4.you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.5.Its possible we all have compromised conversational intelligence.6.I can say for the folks
28、that gave the most,is that they were full of smiles.remains Thatwhat WhatthatWhat展评Rewrite the sentences using subject clauses1有人命令操场建设下周完成。It is ordered that the construction of the sports ground 2现在她正在买的东西是一些杂志。are some magazines.3 很 明 显 刚 刚 有 人 来 拜 访 过 他。I t i s clear 4这个地区的争执(dispute)何时结束让很多人困惑。
29、puzzles many people.5她没有出席婚礼宴会的原因是她头痛。is that she had a headache.should be completed next week What she is buying nowthat somebody came to visit him just now When the dispute in this area will stopWhy she didnt attend the wedding party 2 points correct the errors1.That impresses us most was that the
30、 local people was very friendly.2.There is essential that these application forms should be sent back as early as possible.3.It was once regarded as impossible has now become reality.whatwhatIt_ 1._the president will resign or not is unclear.2._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.3._ comes will
31、 be welcome.(谁来都欢迎）谁来都欢迎）2 points fill in the blanks WhetherWhatwhatWhoever2 points 1.was that you had a strong teamwork spirit.我们最欣赏的是你们有很强的团队精神。2.has not been announced.飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。What we appreciated mostWhen the plane is to take off 1.What impresses us most is that Yuan devoted his life to scien
32、tific research.2.Whether he will win or not depends on his ability and confidence.3.Whoever overcomes the difficulty is worth a praise.3 points translate the sentences1.使我们印象最深刻的是袁把一生致力于科学研究。使我们印象最深刻的是袁把一生致力于科学研究。2.他他是否会赢得比赛取决于他的能力和信心是否会赢得比赛取决于他的能力和信心3.无论谁无论谁 克服了困难都值得表扬克服了困难都值得表扬单句语法填空(1)(教材教材P50)Ho
33、wever,concerned him most was farm-ers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.(2)(教材教材P50)this could be done was a challenging question at thetime.whatthatHow主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语。主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语。引导主语从句的词有引导主语从句的词有从属连词从属连词 that,whether,if；连接代词连接代词 who(ever),whom,wh
34、at(ever),whose,whose(ver),which(ever)；连接副词连接副词 when(ever),where(ver),how(ever),why等。等。主语从句的连接词主语从句的连接词巧记主语从句整句作主语，其后单谓语整句作主语，其后单谓语莫忘加连词，莫忘加连词，that不略但无义不略但无义“是否是否”置前用置前用whether,其他应用靠翻译其他应用靠翻译主语从句可后置，只需形式主语主语从句可后置，只需形式主语it把它替把它替1.wh-与与wh-ever引导主语从句的区别（也是引导名词从引导主语从句的区别（也是引导名词从句的区别）句的区别）wh-表示表示疑问疑问含义，而含
35、义，而wh-ever无论无论.强调一强调一切情况切情况。whatever=anything that;whoever=anyone who；whichever=any.that1)Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear.2)Whoever broke the glass should be punished.3)_ leaves the room ought to turn off the lights.4)It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants.(wha
36、tever=anything that)5)_ of you gets there first will get the prize.6)_ impresses me about his painting is the color.7)I promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.五五.连接代词与连接副词易混点连接代词与连接副词易混点WhoeverwhateverWhatWhicheverwhoever定 义引导词形式主语主谓一致总 结单个主语从句-单数多个主语从句-复数Itbe形容词/名词短语/过去分词/不及物动词 that从句语序陈述语序
