1、 虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实,而只是一种愿望、假设、怀疑、实,而只是一种愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测、空想等。猜测、空想等。时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过过 去去现现 在在将将 来来had donewould/could/should/might+have donedid/werewould/could/should/might+do(原)did/wereshould dowere to dowould/could/should/might+do(原)(2)假如我是你的话,我会马上走
2、假如我是你的话,我会马上走 If I _you,I _ at once.(3)明天要是天气好的话明天要是天气好的话,我来看你我来看你.If it _sunny tomorrow,I _to see you.(1)要是你早来几分钟的话,你就能见到他了要是你早来几分钟的话,你就能见到他了.If you _a few minutes earlier,you _him.难点一:虚拟条件从句中的倒装难点一:虚拟条件从句中的倒装。条件从句中有条件从句中有should,were,had三个助动三个助动词可以把词可以把if省略,并将这三个词提至句首。省略,并将这三个词提至句首。If I were you,I
3、would give it up._,I would give it up.Were I youIf I had had time,I would have run round that lake again.,I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood,what should we do?,what should we do?Had I had timeShould there be a flood难点二:错综时间条件句难点二:错综时间条件句主从句中动作发生的时间不一致,动词形式按照它表主从句中动作发生的
4、时间不一致,动词形式按照它表示的示的时间时间来调整。来调整。If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.1).如果你刚才接受了我的建议,你现在会感觉好多了 If you _ my advice just now,you _now.2).如果我昨天对他说了,我现在就知道该怎么办了。If I _ to him yesterday,I _what to do now.难点三:含蓄的虚拟语气难点三:含蓄的虚拟语气有时用介词有时用介词with,without,but for(要不是要不是)或者通过连词或者通过连词或副
5、词或副词 otherwise,or,but 来含蓄表达虚拟语气。来含蓄表达虚拟语气。What would you do with a million dollars?Without/But for your help=(If it had not been for your help),we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.I was busy last night,otherwise I would have come to see you.I might have given you more help,but I was too
6、busy.1).Without sunlight,peoples life _ from today.(会不同会不同)2).But for your help,I _the work.(不能完成)(不能完成)3.He telephoned me to inform me of your birthday,or I _ nothing about it.(一无一无所知所知)would be differentwouldnt have finishedwishIf onlyas if/though+did/were(对对现在现在的虚拟的虚拟)+had done(对对过去过去的虚拟的虚拟)+woul
7、d/could/might+do(对对将来将来的虚拟的虚拟)I wish/If only I_so much watermelon.hadnt eatenIt looks as if the pencil _ broken.wereHe had never been abroad but he talked about Rome as though he _there many times.had been表“建议、命令、要求、坚持”等词后面的从句中 suggest/advise/propose/recommend order/command demand/desire/require/request/urge insist +that sb(should)do/be done注意:1).The smile on his face suggested that he _our work.(满意)2).The man insisted that he _ the money.(没偷钱)insist坚持认为,力言suggest暗示,表明不用虚拟语气四、特殊句型1.I would rather(that)sb.did/were(现在)had done(过去)2.Its(high)time that sb.did should do