1、高考英语语法填空的高考英语语法填空的解题技巧解题技巧-非谓语动词非谓语动词2022-12-13语法填空解题思路语法填空解题思路有提有提示词示词(实实义词义词)没有没有提示提示题题(虚词虚词)作谓语：作谓语：不作谓语不作谓语考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致非谓语动词：非谓语动词：to do/doing/done词类转换：尤其是形容词变副词词类转换：尤其是形容词变副词比较等级：比较等级：名词：单复数或所有格的变化名词：单复数或所有格的变化代词：代词：人称代词、不定代词、人称代词、不定代词、it的用法、物主的用法、物主代词、反身代词代词、反身代词冠词：冠词：名词之前，尤其
2、是泛指名词之前，尤其是泛指“一个一个”，或特，或特指某个人或事物指某个人或事物连词：连词：空格的前后都是句子（有主谓成分）；空格的前后都是句子（有主谓成分）；前后是并列成分前后是并列成分介词：介词：当空格后的名词在句中不是作主语、表当空格后的名词在句中不是作主语、表语或动词宾语时语或动词宾语时形容词和副词的比较级、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级最高级2022-12-13 非谓语动词非谓语动词Focus of today!2022-12-131.确定是否用非谓语动词；确定是否用非谓语动词；2.判断非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用；判断非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用；3.判断时态；判断时态；1）句子是否已
3、存在谓语动词；）句子是否已存在谓语动词；2）并列连词？）并列连词？1)doing 主动，进行主动，进行2)done 被动，完成被动，完成3)to do 目的，将来目的，将来2022-12-131.确定是否用非谓语动词；确定是否用非谓语动词；1）句子是否已存在谓语动词；）句子是否已存在谓语动词；2）并列连词）并列连词(and,or等等)有：并列谓语有：并列谓语 无：非谓语动词无：非谓语动词1._(turn)to the left,and youll find the post office.2._(turn)to the left,youll find the post office.Turni
4、ng Turn并列谓语并列谓语 非谓语非谓语 2022-12-132.判断非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用；判断非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用；2022-12-131._(walk)is a good form of exercise for both young and old.(全国全国)Walking 2.Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions.Its no use _(argue)with him.(上海上海)arguing 非谓语动词作非谓语动词作主语主语或或表语表语时，使用时，使用V.-ing或或to do形式，表示习惯性的，
5、一般的行为用形式，表示习惯性的，一般的行为用V.-ing，表示具体的，一次性的行为用，表示具体的，一次性的行为用to do.3.My task today is _(finish)the essay before dusk.to finish2022-12-13I cant stand _(work)with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _(stop)talking while she works.(北京北京)to stop working非谓语动词作非谓语动词作宾语宾语时，使用时，使用V.-ing或或to do形形式，视各动词具体的式，视
6、各动词具体的固定搭配固定搭配而定。而定。(1)有些动词只能用有些动词只能用不定式不定式作宾语。如作宾语。如refuse,decide等。等。(2)有些动词只能用有些动词只能用动名词动名词作宾语。如：作宾语。如：keep,allow等。等。(3)在在forget,remember等动词后等动词后既可接动名词，也可接既可接动名词，也可接不定式不定式，但意义差别较大。，但意义差别较大。(4)含含介词介词的固定句式，的固定句式，用动名词用动名词作宾语作宾语prevent/stop/keep sb./sth.from doing，get used to等。等。2022-12-13与与逻辑主语逻辑主语关系
7、：关系：doing 主动，进行主动，进行done 被动，完成被动，完成to do 目的，将来目的，将来（1）_(see)from the top of the hill,our house looks like a car.（2）_(see)the dog come over,our friend ran away.（3）_(see)more clearly,they came up and got close to it.To seeSeen Seeing2022-12-131.The first text books _(write)for teaching English as a fo
8、reign language came out in the 16th century.written running 2.Dont leave the water _(run)while you brush your teeth.(天津天津)非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词作定语 非谓语动词作补语非谓语动词作补语 3.With Fathers Day around the corner,I have taken some money out of the bank _(buy)presents for my dad.(2010全全国卷国卷I)to buy 非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词作状语 2022
9、-12-13其他常见的用法其他常见的用法修修饰饰“the+序数序数词词”,用不定式用不定式to do 作后置定语。作后置定语。2.The last one _(arrive)pays the meal.to arrive 1.The flowers _(smell)sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.感官动词没有被动感官动词没有被动smelling2022-12-132._(tire)of playing football,he went back to the classroom.3._(face)
10、with difficulty,he rushed forward bravely.1._(lose)in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.LostTiredFaced有些过去分词源于系表结果，分词已有些过去分词源于系表结果，分词已经形容词化，相当于形容词经形容词化，相当于形容词be lost in;be interested in;be tired of;be satisfied with;be excited about;be faced with;be dressed in ；be seated 2022-12-131
11、.She wished that he was as easy(32)_(please)as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume （2009年广东）年广东）to please2.I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good _(breathe).to breathe 非谓语动词在非谓语动词在形容词形容词后作后作状语状语时，使用时，使用to do形式形式2022-12-13（1）The question _(discuss)now at the me
12、eting is very important.（2）The question _(discuss)at the meeting last week is very important.（3）The question _(discuss)at the meeting next week is very important.being discusseddiscussedto be discussed3.判断时态；判断时态；同样表被动意义的非谓语动词，因时间状语不一同样表被动意义的非谓语动词，因时间状语不一样，形式也发生了相应的变化。因此，非谓语动样，形式也发生了相应的变化。因此，非谓语动词也是有词也是有“时态时态”的。的。2022-12-13 状态状态 时间时间主动主动被动被动非谓语动词先发生非谓语动词先发生（已完成）（已完成）同时发生同时发生（在进行）（在进行）未发生未发生（将来）（将来）having done done/having been donedoingbeing doneto doto be done2022-12-13Thanks for your patience2022-12-13
