1、Unit 2 Successful Business PeoplePaying attention to simple little things that most men neglect makes a few men rich.Henry Ford High expectations are the key to everything.Steve Jobs Quotation Henry Ford(July 30,1863 April 7,1947)was an American industrialist,the founder of the Ford Motor Company,an
2、d the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.Although Ford did not invent the automobile or the assembly line,he developed and manufactured the first automobile that many middle class Americans could afford.In doing so,Ford converted the automobile from an expen
3、sive curiosity into a practical conveyance that would profoundly impact the landscape of the 20th Century.His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry.As the owner of the Ford Motor Company,he became one of the richest and best-known people in the wo
4、rld.He is credited with Fordism:mass production of inexpensive goods coupled with high wages for workers.Henry Ford Steve Jobs(born as Steven Paul Jobs;February 24,1955 October 5,2011)was an American entrepreneur,businessman,inventor,and industrial designer.Jobs was the chairman,and the chief execut
5、ive officer(CEO),and a co-founder of Apple Inc.;CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar;a member of The Walt Disney Companys board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar;Steve Jobsand founder,chairman,and CEO of NeXT.Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of
6、 the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.Jobs has led to creat the Macintosh computer,iMac,ipad,iPod,iTunes Store,iPhone and many other well-known digital products.In 1985,Jobs received a grant from the Ronald Reagan Presidential Medal of state-level technology.In 1997 he became the cove
7、r figure on Times.In 2007,Steve Jobs was regarded as the greatest businessman of the year by Fortune magazine.In 2009 he was voted as the best American CEO in the decade by Fortune magazine.On August 24,2011,Jobs resigned from the post of CEO and in October 5,2011,died at the age of 56.Steve JobsLea
8、d-inConversationContentsBusiness NewsPassageChinese and International Culture TourUnit 2Lead-in-1|Vocabulary1.entrepreneur:n.a person who sets up businesses and business deals You have to be an optimist to be an inventor or entrepreneur.He pitched the empty bottle into the lake.2.pitch:vt.to throw s
9、th with some force,usually aiming it carefully e.g.e.g.作为一个发明家或企业家，你必须是一个乐观主义者。他把空瓶子扔进了湖里。Lead-in-1|VocabularyThousands and thousands of startups have poured into the computer market.3.startup:n.a new small company e.g.4.perspective:n.a way of thinking about something The novel is written from a chi
10、lds perspective.e.g.成千上万的新公司涌入计算机市场。这部小说是从儿童的视角写的。5.entail:vt.to involve something as a necessary part or result 6.nurture:n.care and encouragement that is given to someone while they are growing and developing e.g.e.g.Lead-in-1|Vocabulary这样的决定会在总统大选之际导致巨大的政治风险。人的学习能力部分是先天的，部分是后天培育的。Such a decision
11、would entail a huge political risk in the midst of the presidential campaign.The human organism learns partly by nature,partly by nurture.Lead-in-2|Vocabulary1.devastating:adj.badly damaging or destroying something2.renaissance:n.Somethingbecomes popular or successful again after a time when people
12、were not interested in ite.g.e.g.It will be a devastating blow for the town if the factory closes.如果工厂关闭，对该镇来说将是沉重的打击。通俗艺术正在复兴。Popular art is experiencing a renaissance.Lead-in-2|Culture Tips 1.Apple Inc.苹果公司苹果公司 Apple was founded by Steve Jobs,Steve Wozniak,and Ronald Wayne in April 1976 to develop
13、 and sell personal computers.Apple Inc.is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino,California that designs,develops,and sells consumer Apples headquarters at Infinite Loop in Cupertino,California.electronics,computer software,and online services.The companys hardware p
14、roducts include the iPhone smartphone,the iPad tablet computer,the Mac personal computers,the iPod portable media player,the Apple Watch smartwatch,Apple TV digital media player and HomePod smart speaker.Lead-in-2|Culture Tips Apple is the worlds largest information technology company by revenue and
15、 the worlds second-largest mobile phone manufacturer after Samsung.In February 2015,Apple became the first U.S.company to be valued at over US$700 billion.The company employs 116,000 full-time employees as of October 2016 and maintains 498 retail stores in 22 countries as of July 2017.It operates th
16、e iTunes Store,which is the worlds largest music retailer.As of January 2016,more than one billion Apple products are actively in use worldwide.Apples worldwide annual revenue totaled$215 billion for the 2016 fiscal year.The company enjoys a high level of brand loyalty and has been repeatedly ranked
17、 as the worlds most valuable brand.However,it receives significant criticism regarding the labor practices of its contractors and its environmental and business practices,including the origins of source materials.Lead-in-2|Culture Tips 2.Macintosh 苹果电脑，麦金托什电脑苹果电脑，麦金托什电脑 The Macintosh(branded as Mac
18、since 1998)is a series of personal computers designed,developed,and marketed by Apple Inc.Steve Jobs introduced the original Macintosh computer on January 24,1984.This was the companys first mass-market personal computer featuring an integral graphical user interface and mouse.This first model was l
19、ater renamed to“Macintosh 128k”The original Macintosh 128Kfor uniqueness amongst a populous family of subsequently updated models which are also based on Apples same proprietary architecture.Conversation-3|Vocabulary1.multi-national:adj.having branches or companies in many different countries 2.gene
20、rate:v.to produce or cause somethinge.g.e.g.a multi-national motor-manufacturing corporation一家 跨国 汽车制造公司 The program would generate a lot of new jobs.这个项目将创造许多新的就业岗位。1.adherence:n.the fact of adhering to a particular rule,agreement,or belief 2.philanthropist:n.someone who freely gives money and help
21、 to people who need ite.g.e.g.Conversation-4|VocabularyThese regulations have been shaped by an adherence to behaviorist principles.He is an entrepreneur,not just a philanthropist.他不仅仅是一个慈善家，还是一个企业家。这些规定是遵循行为主义原则而形成的。3.pledge:v.to promise in a serious way to do sth.4.mighty:adj.very strong and power
22、ful,or very big and impressivee.g.e.g.Conversation-4|VocabularyThe Communists have pledged to support the oppositions motion.There was a flash and a mighty bang.共产党员们已经承诺支持反对党的动议。一道闪光伴随着一声轰然巨响。Warren Buffett 沃伦沃伦巴菲特巴菲特 Warren Edward Buffett(born August 30,1930)is an American business magnate,investo
23、r,and philanthropist.He is considered to be one of the most successful investors in the world,and the fourth wealthiest in the world,with a total net worth of$73.3 billion.Buffett is a notable philanthropist,having pledged to give away 99%of his fortune to philanthropic causes,primarily via the Bill
24、&Melinda Gates Foundation.In 2009,with Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg,Warren founded The Giving Pledge,whereby billionaires pledge to give away at least half of their fortunes.Conversation-4|Culture Tips1.manufacturer:n.a business or company which makes goods in large quantities to sell 2.outstandin
25、g:adj.remarkable and impressive e.g.e.g.Business News-1|VocabularyRead the manufacturers instructions before using your new dishwasher.He is an outstanding athlete and deserved to win.使用新洗碗机之前，请先阅读厂家的说明书。他是位杰出的运动员，理应获胜。3.executive:n.An executive is a person employed by a business at a senior level.E
26、xecutives decide what the business should do,and ensure that it is done.e.g.Business News-1|VocabularyTo be a successful advertising executive needs hard work for years.要想成为一名成功的广告执行总监需要多年的努力。4.release:v.to let news or official information be known and printed e.g.Business News-1|VocabularyThey are
27、not ready to release any more details.他们还不准备公布更多详细信息。Business News-1|Culture Tips1.Forbes 福布斯福布斯 Forbes is an American business magazine.Published bi-weekly,it features original articles on finance,industry,investing,and marketing topics.Forbes also reports on related subjects such as technology,com
28、munications,science,politics,and law.Its headquarters is located in Jersey City,New Jersey.The magazine is well known for its lists and rankings,including its lists of the richest Americans(the Forbes 500)and rankings of worlds top companies(the Forbes Global 2000).Another well-known list by the mag
29、azine is The Worlds Billionaires list.Business News-1|Culture Tips2.Dong Mingzhu 董明珠董明珠 Dong Mingzhu(born in 1954)is a Chinese businesswoman.She is the Chairwoman of Gree Electric.In 2013,Dong was named on a Forbes Asia“Woman in the Mix”for business.The New York Times called her“one of the toughest
30、businesswomen in China.”She aims to transform Gree Electric into a global brand,setting a quality example for other Chinese manufacturers to grow towards.Business News-1|Culture Tips In 1990,at age 36,recently widowed Dong left her three-year-old son with his grandmother and quit her job at the gove
31、rnment research facility in order to move to the more economically developed Zhuhai in Guangdong province and find new work.Joining Haley(Gree Electrics predecessor)as a salesperson,she made her mark from the start,recovering massive debts in a little over month.From then on,her increasing accomplis
32、hments gained notice from higher ups and promotions came in quick succession.By 1994,Dong was made head of sales,where she innovated the sales process.This determined flexibility would become one of her most notable characteristics throughout her career.By the time Gree Electric went public in 1996,
33、Dong was deputy president,and later company president in 2001.Business News-1|Culture TipsIn 2012,she gained the position of Gree Electrics chairwoman as well.She was also the chairwomen of Gree Electrics parent company Gree Group until November 2016.Dong has transformed Gree Electric under her mana
34、gement,developing it into the worlds largest household air-conditioning unit maker,and Chinas largest household appliance maker(generating a record breaking 140 billion Yuan revenue in 2014).Dong also played a key role in shifting Gree Electrics sales from traditional to online,which contributed sig
35、nificantly to the companys 2014 record breaking revenue.Gree Electrics company stock has risen 2300%during her stay.Business News-1|Culture Tips3.Sun Yafang 孙亚芳孙亚芳 Sun Yafang(born in 1955)is a Chinese engineer who has served as the chairwoman of Huawei since 1999.In 2016,she is listed as the 38th mo
36、st powerful woman in the world by Forbes.4.Lucy Peng 彭蕾彭蕾 Peng Lei(also Lucy Peng,born in 1972)is a Chinese business executive and one of the founders of the Chinese e-commerce business group Alibaba Group.In 2014,Peng founded Ant Financial Services in order to support small businesses.She also serv
37、ed as chief people officer,the chief human resources officer for Alibaba Group for over 10 years.1.give away:to give something to someone,rather than selling it 2.relinquish:vt.to give up e.g.e.g.Business News-2|VocabularyHe decided to give his collection away for free.No one wants to relinquish pow
38、er once they have it.他决定无偿捐赠他的收藏。人一旦有了权力就不想放弃。Business News-2|Vocabulary3.retain:vt.To keep something or continue to have something e.g.4.foreseeable:adj.A foreseeable event or situation is one that can be known about or guessed before it happens.e.g.The interior of the shop still retains a nineteen
39、th-century atmosphere.It seems to me that this crime was foreseeable and this death preventable.那家商店内部依然保持着19世纪的格调。在我看来这罪行是可以预见的，死亡是可以避免的。5.string:n.special conditionse.g.Business News-2|Vocabulary应该向发展中国家提供无附加条件的援助。Aid should be given to developing countries with no strings attached.Business News-2
40、|NotesCZI The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative(CZI)is a limited liability company founded by Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan with an investment of“up to$1 billion in Facebook shares in each of the next three years.”Its creation was announced on December 1,2015,for the birth of their da
41、ughter,Maxima Chan Zuckerberg.The aim of the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative is to“advance human potential and promote equality in areas such as health,education,scientific research and energy.”The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative chose to invest$24 million in Andela for its first major initiative.Andela is a
42、startup focused on training software developers in Africa through their bootcamp and four-year fellowship program,during which they pair their trainees with U.S.companies needing development help.Business News-2|Culture Tips1.Mark Zuckerberg 马克马克-扎克伯格扎克伯格 Mark Elliot Zuckerberg(born May 14,1984)is a
43、n American computer programmer and Internet entrepreneur.He is a co-founder of Facebook,and currently operates as its chairman and chief executive officer.His net worth is estimated to be US$71.8 billion as of July 2017,and he is ranked by Forbes as the fifth richest person in the world.Business New
44、s-2|Culture Tips Zuckerberg launched Facebook from his Harvard University dormitory room on February 4,2004.He was assisted by his college roommates and fellow Harvard students Eduardo Saverin,Andrew McCollum,Dustin Moskovitz,and Chris Hughes.The group then introduced Facebook to other college campu
45、ses.Facebook expanded rapidly,reaching one billion users by 2012.In December 2012,Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan announced that over the course of their lives they would give the majority of their wealth to“advancing human potential and promoting equality”in the spirit of The Giving Pledge.O
46、n December 1,2015,they announced they would eventually give 99 percent of their Facebook shares(worth about US$45 billion at the time)to the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.1.misconception:n.an idea that is not correctIt is a misconception that Peggy was fabulously wealthy.The latest crisis has also unde
47、rlined the ethnocentrism of European media.2.ethnocentrism:n.the belief ones own nation,culture,or group is superior to others e.g.e.g.Passage-1|Vocabulary说佩吉以前极其富有，这是一个错误的看法。最近的危机也强化了欧洲媒体的种族中心主义。1.blame:v.to attribute responsibility toThe report blames poor safety standards for the accident.The new
48、 test should enable doctors to detect the disease early.2.enable:v.to make capable or able for some taske.g.e.g.Passage-2|Vocabulary报告把事故归咎于安全方面没有达标。新的检验使医生能在早期发现该种疾病。Passage-2|Vocabulary3.devotion:mitment to some purposeAs a soldier,he showed selfless devotion to duty.e.g.作为一名战士,他表现出了对其天职的无私奉献。Chinese and International Culture Tour
