1、专题十八专题十八 阅读理解阅读理解中考英语语法专题本专题内容适用于7-9年级学生本专题一般共需4课时第四课时 阅读理解一、推理判断题解题要点二、推理判断题的常见的提问形式:三、巩固练习推理判断型推理判断型推理判断题推理判断题：中考重头戏，20个题中常有6-8个，着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。以原文内容以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论（非考生观点），客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。透过现象看本质透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。推理判断题推理判断题（做题要领）既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作
2、者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。推理判断型常见的命题方式有：常见的命题方式有：The passage implies(暗示暗示)that_.We can conclude(得出结论得出结论)from the passage that_.Which of the following can be inferred(推论推论)?What is the tone(语气语气)of the author?What is the purpose(目的目的)of this passage?The passage is intended to
3、_.1.Where would this passage most probably appear?The concept(n.观念)of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one.About 90 percent of all illnesses might be preventable if individual(n.个人)made sound(adj.健康的)personal health choices based upon present(adj.现在的)medical knowledge.
4、We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it limited when it is within the legal(adj.法律的)and moral boundaries(n.界限)of society.The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may affect our health.If we do desire,we can smoke,drink much,r
5、efuse to wear seat belts,eat whatever food we want,and live a completely sedentary(adj.久坐的，劳心的)lifestyle without any exercise.Q:The concept of personal choice about health is important because_.A.personal health choices help cure most illnesses.B.it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge.C.i
6、t is basic to personal freedom in American society.D.wrong decisions could lead to poor health.解析：据前两句可以得知，不良的选择会导致健康状况变坏，因此答案选 D。选出的答案一定要在原文中找到依据或理由，不能只凭常识或自己主观胡乱推测。A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement(n.成绩)ends up with uninspire
7、d students.Eisenberger holds(vi.认为).As an exa-mple of the latter(adj.近来的)point(n.观点),he notes(vi.特别指出)growing efforts at major universities to tighten(v.使变得更紧)grading standards(及格标准)and restore(vt.恢复使用)failing grades(不及格分数或标准).Q:It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying
8、to tighten their grading standards because they believe_.rewarding poor performance(n.成绩 )may kill the creativity of students.B.punishment is more effective than rewarding.C.failing(v.给不及格 )uninspired students helps improve their overall(adj.全面的 )academic(adj.学校的)standards.D.Discouraging(vt.使失去信心)th
9、e students anticipation(n.预期之事物)for easy rewards is a matter of urgency(n.紧急).解析:问题是文中 Eisenberger 举的一个例子,通过例证题目的考点分析,我们知道一般例子前后总结性的话(论点)是解决问题的关键,这样我们就可以判断出该例要说明的问题(答案:A)The topic sentence:A teacher ends up with uninspired(without creativity)students.译:假设老师总让学生关注奖励,或对表现一般的学生也给高分,那么学生们最终都会不求进取,没有灵感及想
10、象力。Learning How to Learn$22 Children who read this book will show great interest in studyMany pictures will help them understand it easily and quickly Basic Study Guidebook$36 Read this book and learn：What the three barriers(障碍)to study are and what to do about them?What to do if you are tired of a
11、subject?Children read it to improve the ability to study How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children$35 Read this book and learn：How to look up words in a dictionary?What the different marks in a dictionary mean?How to use a dictionary to pronounce words correctly?Buy this book and help childr
12、en unlock their education Whats more，youll just pay 60%for it before May 10 ，2010 根据以上材料，选择最佳答案。()1_ can tell you what to do if you are tired of a subject AStudy Skills for Life BLearning How to Learn CBasic Study Guidebook DHow to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children ()2Many pictures in the b
13、ook Learning How to Learn can _ Amake children read slowly Bmake children understand the book easily Cmake the book boring Dmake children draw beautifully ()3According to the ads，the three books are for _ Athe old Bparents Cchildren Dmen ()4If you buy the three books on May 2nd，2010，you will just pa
14、y _ for them A$93 B$71 C$80 D$79 ()5The purpose of the three ads is to _ Asell these books to the children Bhelp children learn English Chelp children learn about nature Duse a dictionary to pronounce correctly Earthquakes may happen anywhere on the earthWhen some plates of the earth move suddenly，a
15、n earthquake happensMany earthquakes begin under the seaThey often happen near the mountains，too During an earthquake，the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crack(断裂)openHouses fall，people are killed or hurt，and sometimes the whole villages or cities are destroyed Can we do something to keep
16、 ourselves safe from earthquakes?Scientists have studied earthquakes and made maps that show the earthquake beltsIn areas in these belts，its possible for earthquakes to happenIn these areas we should build strong houses to fight against earthquakes In the future，scientists will be able to tell when
17、and where an earthquake will be before they happenThey can also tell people what to do and how to do it 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。()1The reason for an earthquake is _ Athat there are so many plates on the earth Bthat the sea is too deep Crocks cracking open ()2A lot of earthquakes often happens _ Ain the area B
18、next to mountains Cat night ()3A map showing the earthquake belts will tell people _ Awhat kind of houses to build Bwhat kind of houses can stay up in an earthquake Cwhere earthquake may happen ()4Which is Not True according to the passage?ADuring an earthquake people are killed or hurt BThe scienti
19、sts can tell when and where an earthquake is now Cwe should build strong houses to fight against earthquakes ()5In the future，well be no longer so afraid of earthquakes _ Awith the help of scientists exact prediction Bbecause of a map showing the earthquake belts Cbecause we can guess the date and place of earthquakes课时总结1.与原文相同的细节不能选2.文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断
