1、Chinese Chinese Literature Literature 目 录/contents/contents1.Famous Quotes Famous Quotes 2.Background Knowledge Background Knowledge 3.Listening&SpeakingListening&Speaking4.Public Speech Public Speech Part 1 Famous Quotes The decline of literature indicates the decline of a nation;the two keep in th
2、eir downward tendency.Johan Wolfgang Von Goethe A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdom and delight.P.B.Shelley The only end of writing is to enable the readers better to enjoy life or better to endure it.Samuel Johnson Part 1 Famous Quotes The decline of literature
3、indicates the decline of a nation;the two keep in their downward tendency.Johan Wolfgang Von Goethe 文学的衰落表明一个民族的衰落，两者的衰落是相伴相生的。约翰 沃尔夫冈 歌德 A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdom and delight.P.B.Shelley 伟大的诗篇是永远喷涌着智慧和欢欣的泉水。雪莱 The only end of writing is to enable the r
4、eaders better to enjoy life or better to endure it.Samuel Johnson 写作的目的无非是让读者能够更好地享受或者忍受生活。塞缪尔 约翰逊 Part 2/Pass 1 Ancient Chinese Literature (Difficulty:)Confucianism adj.儒教，儒家思想 disciple n.门人，弟子 rite n.礼仪 outlaw n.逃犯，反叛者 chamber n.房间，室Task 1:Matching Directions:Match the English phrases on the left
5、with those Chinese phrases on the right.1.Nineteen Old Poems 竹书纪年 2.BambooAnnals 古诗十九首Task 1:Matching Directions:Match the English phrases on the left with those Chinese phrases on the right.1.Nineteen Old Poems 古诗十九首2.Bamboo Annals 竹书纪年Task 2:Blank Filling 1.The history of Ancient Chinese Literatur
6、e(1)thousands of years.It includes collections of(2),(3)works,(4)writings,and novels.2.The“Four Books and Five Classics”were perhaps the(5)works in Ancient Chinese history.They(6)the philosophies and ideas of Confucianism.Knowledge of these works was very important in order to pass(7).Task 2:Blank F
7、illing 1.(1)spans(2)poetry(3)historical(4)religious 2.(5)the most influential written (6)outlined(7)the civil service examsTask 3:Word Hunting Directions:Try your best to spot the following expressions while listening to the recording.1.大学 2.中庸 3.论语 4.孟子 Task 3 Word Hunting 1.Great Learning 2.Doctri
8、ne of Mean 3.Analects 4.MenciusTask 4:True or False Directions:Listen to the recording again and tell whether the following statements are true or false(T/F).()1.Water Margin(by SHT Naian)tells the story of 108 outlaws during the Ming Dynasty who gather together to do good.()2.Springand AutumnAnnals
9、This is a historical book covering the history of all the states at that time.()3.Nineteen Old Poems is a compilation of 19 poems put together during the Han Dynasty.This poetry had a great influence on poets during later dynasties.Task 4:True or False 1.(F)2.(F)3.(T)Task 5:Oral Practice Directions:
10、Look at the followingtopic carefully,andthen delivera short(13 minutes)presentation on it.In the above clip,you have heard the English titles of the Four Great Classical Novels.Whats your comment on these translations?The history of Ancient Chinese Literature spans thousands of years.It includes col
11、lections of poetry,historical works,religious writings,and novels.We will list and discuss some of the classical works of Chinese literature below.Four Books and Five Classics The“Four Books and Five Classics”were perhaps the most influential written works in Ancient Chinese history.They outlined th
12、e philosophies and ideas of Confucianism.Knowledge of these works was very important in order to pass the civil service exams.Four Books Great Learning Doctrine of Mean Analects Mencius Great Learning(Confucius and Zeng Zi)This book outlines the main themes of Confucianism.Doctrine of Mean(Zisi)This
13、 book describes the“Way”that people must live focusing on learning and teaching as a way of life.AnalectsA number of Confucius speeches and discussions written down by his disciples.MenciusA collection of discussions and stories from the Confucian philosopher Mencius.Five Classics Classic ofPoetryA
14、collection of 305 poems written between the 11th and the 7th centuries BC.Bookof DocumentsA collection of very ancient documents said to be from early dynasties including the Xia,Shang,and Zhou.Bookof RitesThis book contains a number of texts that describe things like ceremonial rituals and ways peo
15、ple should behave.I ChingThe I Ching is also called the Book of Changes.It was a book of divination that people used to try and tell the future.Spring and Autumn AnnalsThis is a historical book covering the history of the State of Lu.It is the state where Confucius was born.Four Great Classical Nove
16、ls：These novels are considered the greatest and most influential novels of ancient China.They were written during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Their stories are very popular in China and have been retold many times in the Chinese opera,movies,and modern books.Water Margin(Shi Naian)This book is somet
17、imes called the Outlaws of the Marsh.It tells the story of 108 outlaws during the Song Dynasty who gather together to do good.Romance of theThree Kingdoms(Luo Guanzhong)This book tells a romanticized story of the Three Kingdoms including such real historical characters as Liu Bei and Cao Cao.It also
18、 includes historical events such as the Battle of Red Cliffs.Journey to the West(Wu Chengen)This story tells the adventures of a Buddhist monk who travels to India in search of sacred books.Dream oftheRedChamber(Cao Xueqin)This is a complex book with many characters covering the rise and fall of a C
19、hinese family during the Qing Dynasty.History and Education RecordsoftheGrandHistorian(Sima Qian)This history book was written during the Han Dynasty around 109 BC.It gave detailed accounts of Chinas history to that point and is considered one of the great history books of all time.It is called Shij
20、i in China.BambooAnnalsAn early history of Ancient China written some time before 296 BC.KangxiDictionaryA dictionary of over 47,000 Chinese characters compiled under the orders of Emperor Kangxi and published in 1716.Poetry：Poetry was a very important part of Chinese life.All educated people wrote
21、and read poetry and it was taken very seriously as a major art form.Classic of Poetry(Shijing)A collection of poetry that is part of the Five Classics of Confucianism(see above).It is also called the Shijing or the Book of Songs.Songs of the South(Chu Ci)Another collection of early Chinese poetry wi
22、th poems mostly written by southern poets Qu Yuan and Song Yu from the state of Chu.Nineteen Old PoemsThis is a compilation of 19 poems put together during the Han Dynasty.This poetry had a great influence on poets during later dynasties.【背景知识】音频中的小诗是曾经四次获得普利策文学奖(The Pulitzer prize in literature)的美国
23、著名诗人罗伯特弗罗斯特（Robert Frost,18741963）的知名作品。在创作风格和技巧方面，弗罗斯特可谓独一无二，卓尔不群，其生活兼跨19和20世纪，他一方面将19世纪美国文学传统几乎发挥到了极致，另一方面却与20世纪的意象派诗人颇多共鸣。在写作内容上，弗罗斯特诗作中颇多涉及田园景象，也因此常常被与艾米莉狄金森（Emily Dickinson）和拉尔夫沃尔多爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson）相提并论。他的诗晓畅易懂却隽永深刻，看似简单的人、物或事在他笔下往往呈现出神秘色彩和重大意义，学过这首诗读者便会对此深有体会。The Road Not Taken The Road
24、Not Taken VocabularyVocabulary diverge dav:d v.分叉 undergrowth ndgr n.丛林Task 1:MatchingTask 1:MatchingDirections:Match the words of column A to their explanations in column B.AB divergedamage,deterioration claim bushes undergrowthseparate fairassertion,reason wearpleasant Task 2:Back TranslationTask
25、2:Back TranslationDirections:Please listen to the clip attentively and then translate the following Chinese sentences into English.1.这条路芳草萋萋，少有人行。2.我极目远望，看这条路消失在丛林深处。这条路芳草萋萋，少有人行。This road was grassy and wanted wear.我极目远望，看这条路消失在丛林深处。I looked down as far as I could,and saw it bent in the undergrowth
26、.Task 3:Self-DictationTask 3:Self-DictationDirections：Please write down the material on a piece of paper.You may pause word by word at the beginning;gradually pause phrase by phrase;and then sentence by sentence.You may pause anywhere you need during the dictation.Pay attention to the stress,rhythm,
27、linkage,tone if there are any.Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,And sorry I could not travel bothAnd be one traveler,long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I couldTo where it bent in the undergrowth;Then took the other,as just as fair,And having perhaps the better claim,Because it was grassy an
28、d wanted wear;Though as for that the passing thereHad worn them really about the same,And both that morning equally layIn leaves no step had trodden black.Oh,I kept the first for another day!Yet knowing how way leads on to way,I doubted if I should ever come back.I shall be telling this with a sighS
29、omewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood,and Itook the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.Task 4:Oral SpeechTask 4:Oral SpeechDirections:Think about the topic“Choices”carefully，and then deliver a short(1-3minutes)presentation on it.1.Importance of making choic
30、es 2.How should we make choices?(Reference)We are always confronted with choices in our lives.Making choices can be bittersweet,the sweet part is that every choice presents a possibility in the future;however,the bitter part might overweigh the sweetness,as we tend to become bewildered by too many c
31、hoices.Every choice is a temptation which could lure us away from our original plans or dreams,and once we made a choice,there is no turning-back,because“way leads on to way”and a single choice will make all the difference in our lives as Robert Frost had said in his poem.Making a decision among man
32、y choices is extremely important,but the problem is how we can be a smart chooser.Undoubtedly,analyzing all the options carefully could be of great help,besides,suggestions from others,especially those who have much more experience or keen insights also can be very valuable.But the core of this prob
33、lem is to stick to our original dreams,all those choices that have little to do with our dreams,no matter how tantalizing they are,should be rejected.In other words,making choices is resisting temptations,only those people who are faithful to their dreams can be a smart chooser.These Things Shall Ne
34、ver DieThese Things Shall Never Die(Difficulty(Difficulty)【背景知识】这首小诗的作者是英国著名作家查尔斯狄更斯(Charles Dickens)，狄更斯是19世纪英国现实主义文学的杰出代表。他一生笔耕不辍，著作等身，且经典著作很多，雾都孤儿(Oliver Twist)、远大前程(Great Expectations)、双城记(A Tale of Two Cities)、荒凉山庄(Bleak House)等等作品都广为流传，对英国各方各面的社会生活进行了深刻的观察和描写，对当时诸多社会问题的揭露鞭辟入里，马克思把他和萨克雷等称为英国的“一
35、批杰出的小说家”。此处选取狄更斯的一首小诗这些事物永远不会消逝，为读者在阅读其小说之余提供一个了解狄更斯的别样视角。VocabularyVocabulary stirv.搅动 yearnv.渴望 nighadv.靠近 contrite adj.悔罪的 thee pron.（宾格）你Task 1:Word HuntingTask 1:Word HuntingDirections:Try your best to spot the equivalent English expressions of the following words and expressions while listenin
36、g to the clip.冲动 奋斗 腼腆 悲痛 乞求 Task 1:Word HuntingTask 1:Word HuntingDirections:Try your best to spot the equivalent English expressions of the following words and expressions while listening to the clip.冲动 奋斗 腼腆 悲痛 乞求 impulse strive timid grief pleaTask 2:Spot DictationTask 2:Spot DictationDirections
37、:Listen to the poem again and fill in the blanks.1.The pure,the bright,the beautiful,that _ our hearts in youth.2.The _ somethings lost,the spirits yearning cry.3.The plea for _ softly breathed,when _ threatens nigh.stirredlonging forpleajusticeTask 3:Self-DictationTask 3:Self-DictationDirections：Pl
38、ease write down the material on a piece of paper.You may pause word by word at the beginning;gradually pause phrase by phrase;and then sentence by sentence.You may pause anywhere you need during the dictation.Pay attention to the stress,rhythm,linkage,tone if there are any.The pure,the bright,the be
39、autiful,that stirred our hearts in youth,The impulses to wordless prayer,The dreams of love and truth;The longing after somethings lost,The spirits yearning cry,The striving after better hopes These things can never die.The timid hand stretched forth to aid A brother in his need,A kindly word in gri
40、efs dark hour that proves a friend indeed;The plea for mercy softly breathed,When justice threatens nigh,The sorrow of a contrite heartThese things shall never die.Let nothing pass for every hand Must find some work to do;Lose not a chance to waken loveBe firm,and just,and true;So shall a light that
41、 cannot fade Beam on thee from on high.And angel voices say to theeThese things shall never die.consort n.（君王的）配偶，（一组）古乐器 evocative adj.引起回忆或唤起感情的eunuch n.太监 oust v.逐出，夺取，取代 allude vi.提及，暗指，影射Pass 2 LI Bai(Difficulty:)Task 1:Oral Pracrtise Directions:Write an outline and then give a brief account of
42、 Li Bais life story in English before watching the video.Task 2:Matching Directions:Match the English phrases on the left with those Chinese phrases on the right.1.no avail 如梦如幻的风景 2.dreamlike landscape 没有用，徒劳Task 2:Matching 1.no avail 没有用，徒劳 2.dreamlike landscape 如梦如幻的风景Task 3:Word Hunting Directio
43、ns:Try your best to spot the following expressions while watching the video clip.1.与他的浪漫主义风格相一致 2.不朽诗人 Task 3:Word Hunting 1.in keeping with his romantic style 2.The immortal poetTask 4:True or False Directions:Listen to the video clip again and tell whether the following statements are true or fals
44、e(T/F).()1.Palace life didnt last long for Li Bai,because a jealous eunuch convinced Xuanzong that Li had been disrespectful toward him in one of his poems.()2.Generally the moon LI Bai described is a bright moon,high in the sky.Task 4:True or False 1.(F)2.(T)Task 5:Blank Filling LI was known for hi
45、s romantic style of writing and has come to be called“(1)poet.”LI lived from A.D.701762,spending much of his time travelling around China.He served briefly as a poet at the Hanlin(2)in the capital of Chang an at the request of Emperor Xuanzong.LI did have one habit that some viewed as a(3):he drank,
46、and drank a lot.But when it came to writing poetry,drinking may have been the activity that made LI Bai poetry so(4).One story records that Emperor Xuanzong(5)Li Bai when hes having a(6)with his favorite consort Yang Guifei.LI turned on drank,court attendents splashed him water to soak him up,but to
47、 no avail.However,once handed a writing brush,he(7)composed three songs praising the beauty of Yang Guifei.The emperor was so moved that he personally(8)Li on flute.Task 5:Blank Filling(1)the immortal(2)Academy(3)defect(4)evocative and moving(5)summoning(6)feast(7)spontaneously(8)accompanied Task 6:
48、Oral Practice Directions:Watch the video clip again torevise you oralpresentation in Task 1,and talk about Li Bais life storyagain.The Tang dynasty is considered the golden age of Chinese civilization.This holds true for the field of poetry,one of the key figures in this golden age of poetry was Li
49、Bai.Li was known for his romantic style of writing and has come to be called“the immortal poet.”Li lived from A.D.701762,spending much of his time travelling around China.He served briefly as a poet at the Hanlin Academy in the capital city of Changan at the request of Emperor Xuanzong.Li did have o
50、ne habit that some viewed as a defect:he drank,and drank a lot.But when it came to wrting poetry,drinking may have been the activity that made Libais poetry so evocative and moving.One story records that Emperor Xuanzong summoning Li Bai when he was having a feast with his favorite consort Yang Guif
