1、2022-2023 学年高三年级第一次质量监测英语试题卷(答案部分)学年高三年级第一次质量监测英语试题卷(答案部分)【答案解析】第一部分第一节【答案解析】第一部分第一节A 篇篇这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了大学生的几项发明。21.A【解题思路】细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“put out flames(灭火)”可定位至第一项发明“AFire Extinguisher That Uses Sound(声音灭火器)”,由第一个句子可知灭火器的发明人是 Seth Robertson and Viet Tran。故正确答案为 A 项。22.C【解题思路】推理判断题。根据第三项发明的最后一个句子“The
2、smartphone andcamera/projector work as a team to sense your finger movements,process information,and project information onto a surface be it a wall,a table,or the palm of yourhand.”可知 SixthSense 可以使得邮件投影到建筑物上。故正确答案为 C 项。23.B【解题思路】推理判断题。根据第一段内容最后一句可知,作者的写作目的是介绍大学生的“amazingly smart inventions”,故正确答案为
3、 B 项。B 篇篇这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自于 Lithgow 的学生发现学校周边的湿地没办法为乌龟提供晒太阳的地方。在 Western Sydney University 的带领下,澳大利亚正在试点实行 the Turtles in School program,鼓励学生亲自参与保护环境。24.B【解题思路】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“A bunch of students said thereare no logs or rocks here,so where are they going to bask(晒太阳)?”可知,乌龟缺乏晒太阳的区域。故正确答案为 B 项。25.D【解
4、题思路】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“this program could encouragestudents to actually carry their education forward to their day-to-day life.”可知,此项目能帮助学生把教育和日常生活结合在一起。故正确答案为 D 项。26.A【解题思路】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“We are connected to it.We rely upon it.”可知我们与自然界是密切相关的,大自然不是“不必要的”东西。故正确答案为 A项。27.C【解题思路】最佳标题。本文从一开始学生发现乌龟没有晒太阳的地方,
5、到后来开展 the Turtles in School program 都是鼓励学生发现问题并参与到环境保护中。故正确答案为 C 项。C 篇篇这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位德国果农在果园里安装太阳能板,不仅保护苹果不被太阳晒伤,而且还增加了额外的收益。28.D【解题思路】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Nachtweys farm is also obtaininga second harvest:Many of the apple trees grow beneath solar panels that have beenproducing electricity,while providi
6、ng the fruit below with much-needed shade.”以及文章第二段最后一句“.as farmers seek to make the most of their land and establisha second source of revenue(收益).”可知,在果园安装太阳能板能让农民获得额外的收入。故正确答案为 D 项。29.D【解题思路】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“But hardly any of the solar-shadedapples got damaged in the intense sunlight that hit the re
7、gion on July 24 this year,while up to 18%of the uncovered fruit suffered sunburn that day.”可知如果Nachtwey 没有在果园安装太阳能板的话,果园里的苹果很有可能会被晒坏以至于很难售卖出去。故正确答案为 D 项。30.C【解题思路】细节理解题。根据题干中的 Juergen Zimmer 可定位至文章第四段,根据第四段内容可知他的测试表明了太阳能板能保护苹果不被太阳晒伤。故正确答案为 C 项。31.B【解题思路】主旨大意题。整篇文章都在介绍德国的一位农民在苹果园里安装太阳能板,因此正确答案为 B 项。D
8、 篇篇这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了每天补充多种维生素和矿物质能帮助老年人减缓认知下降。32.D【解题思路】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“A daily multivitamin and mineralsupplement(补充物)may reduce cognitive(认知的)decline in older people.”可知,多种维生素和矿物质能帮助减缓认知下降。故正确答案为 D 项。33.D【解题思路】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The trial,involving more than 2,200over-65s,suggests daily supplements may slo
9、w cognitive decline by about 60%.”以及第七段中的“Daily multivitamin-mineral supplements,however,appeared toimprove cognitive scores,in particular for those with heart attack.”可知参与者们在服用多种维生素和矿物质以后,提高了认知分数。故正确答案为 D 项。34.A【解题思路】写作技巧。根据文章第五段可知,研究员们把服用可可提取物以及服用多种维生素和矿物质的老人进行比较来进行研究,从而得出实验结果。故正确答案为 A 项。35.C【解题思路
10、】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Prof Laura Baker 说的话“While theseinitial findings are promising,additional research is needed in a larger and more diverse group ofpeople.”可知还需要在更多人群中进行进一步研究。故正确答案为 C 项。第二节第二节【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了为什么人们更喜欢在咖啡馆工作的原因。36.E【解题思路】设空处位于段中。上文提到人们更喜欢在咖啡馆工作,毫无疑问咖啡因能给我们提供能量帮助我们工作。下文说“因此,咖啡馆里总是坐满
11、了用笔记本电脑努力工作的人就不足为奇了。”因此设空处应该是人们更喜欢在咖啡馆工作的另一个重要原因。结合选项,E 项符合语境。故正确答案为 E 项。37.A【解题思路】设空处位于段首。根据下文可知,科学家们解释了在咖啡馆工作能帮助人们更专注的原因,因此设空处应该是提出问题。结合选项,A 项符合语境。故正确答案为 A 项。38.C【解题思路】设空处位于段末。本段介绍了人们喜欢在咖啡馆工作的另一个原因和社会心理学有关。当周围都是努力工作的人时,自己也会受到鼓励而更加专注。结合选项,C 项和社会心理学相关,并且提及到周围工作的人。故正确答案为 C项。39.F【解题思路】设空处位于段中。根据上文日本的这
12、家咖啡馆决定以作家为目标客户,以及下文“That means comic book artists and authors as well as songwriters arealso welcome.”可知日本的这家咖啡馆的客户群体是作家和从事艺术的人。结合选项,F 项符合语境。故正确答案为 F 项。40.G【解题思路】设空处位于段中。本段介绍了日本的这家咖啡馆的独特之处:要求客人要把当天的写作目标告知员工,并且只有完成了工作才能离店。因此设空处应该是员工会来检查客人的工作进度。结合选项,G 项符合语境。故正确答案为G 项。第三部分第三部分 语言运用语言运用第一节第一节 完形填空完形填空【语
13、篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者在下班回家途中遇到交通堵塞,由于又饿又累,作者非常焦虑。但是当救护车需要经过时,作者和其他司机都非常自觉地让路,这让作者感到了陌生人之间的友爱互助。41.A【解题思路】考查动词。根据 43 空后边的“even before getting on the bridge”可知,这个时候作者应该还没上桥,所以应该是“接近,靠近”the Knight Street Bridge。approach:接近,靠近;construct:建造,修建;pass:通过;guard:守卫,保卫。故选 A 项。42.A【解题思路】考查名词。根据下文“Ahead of me is a
14、 heavily jammed road.”可知,作者遇到交通拥堵,所以应该是“交通”慢下来了。traffic:交通,路上行驶的车辆;growth:生长,增长;progress:进步;emergency:突发事件,紧急情况。故选 A 项。43.D【解题思路】考查形容词。根据上文“it comes to a full stop”可知,作者是被“堵住了”。stricken:患病的,受煎熬的;prepared:有准备的;involved:参与的,涉及的;stuck:堵住的,卡住的。故选 D 项。44.D【解题思路】考查名词。作者被堵在路上,看到的应该是望不到头的“车”。Stars:星星;buildi
15、ngs:建筑物;drivers:司机;vehicles:交通工具,车辆。故选 D。45.C【解题思路】考查形容词。当其他车移动,我也跟着小心移动,确保不要撞到其他车,由此可知作者虽然感到有点郁闷,但仍然保持注意力“集中”。Frustrated:懊恼的,沮丧的;positive:积极的;focused:注意力集中的;alarmed:恐慌的。故选 C 项。46.B【解题思路】考查名词。第一段提到作者还没有上桥,所以这里应该是终于上“桥”了。故选 B 项。47.B【解题思路】考查动词。根据后文“at a snails spped”,应该是以蜗牛的速度向前“移动”。speed:快速前行;move:移动
16、;march:齐步走,行进;drive:驾驶。故选 B 项。48.A【解题思路】考查介词短语。根据句中“a faint sound(微弱的声音)”可知,声音应该是从“远处”传来。in the distance:在远处;in advance:提前;at once:立即;with ease:轻松地。故选 A 项。49.C【解题思路】考查动词。声音逐渐变大,直到我能“确认”是救护车从后面驶来。represent:代表;regard:认为,看待;identify:确认,识别;recommend:推荐。故选 C 项。50.B【解题思路】考查形容词。根据后文“Theres no room for us t
17、o move.”可知,桥上应该是太“拥堵”了。closed:封闭的,关着的;packed:拥挤的,充满的;broken:破损的,断裂的;shaky:颤抖的,摇晃的。故选 B 项。51.C【解题思路】考查动词短语。上文提到每一辆车都快速而小心地移到边上,根据下文可知我应该是“跟着做”。make up:组成,编造;break down:出故障,分解;follow suit:跟着做;slow down:减速。故选 C 项。52.D【解题思路】考查动词。根据常识,救护车应该是闪着光通过。故选 D 项。53.D【解题思路】考查名词。救护车通过后,所有车辆又回到原来的队形,继续耐心“等待”。故选 D 项。
18、54.B【解题思路】考查副词。尽管很疲惫,但我们全体司机都决定帮助那个比我们更“极度”需要时间的陌生人。cautiously:谨慎地;desperately:绝望地,极度地;frequently:频繁地;patiently:耐心地。故选 B 项。55.A【解题思路】考查名词。我们不需要任何“指示”,自发地帮助了陌生人。instruction:指示,说明;attention:注意力;trust:信任;strength:力量,优势。故选 A 项。第二节第二节56.has continued考查谓语动词。根据其后的“since she began studying it a yearago”可知本句
19、需要使用现在完成时。故填“has continued”。57.currently 考查词性转换。空格处修饰 be 动词“is”,需要使用副词形式。故填“curretnly”。58.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中做主语,指代“TCM”。故填“which”。59.popularity 考查词性转换。空格前的 international 是形容词,其后需要使用名词。故填“popularity”。60.from 考查介词。根据固定搭配 suffer from 可知空格处需填介词“from”。61.weeks 考查名词单复数。空格前的 several 修
20、饰可数名词复数,故空格处填“weeks”。62.to pursue 考查非谓语动词。该句已有谓语动词“encouraged”,空格处在句中为非谓语动词,根据搭配“encourage sb to do sth”可知空格处需填“to pursue”。63.Various 考查词性转换。空格处修饰其后的名词短语“social media vloggers”,需要使用形容词形式。故填 vary 的形容词“Various”。64.adding 考查非谓语动词。空格前已有谓语动词“says”,空格处在句中为非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语 Prihardinni 是主谓关系,意为“接着说”。故填“adding”。
21、65.a 考查冠词。choice 是可数名词单数,因此之前需要使用不定冠词“a”。第四部分第四部分 写作写作第一节第一节Dear Wilson,Knowing that you intend to pay a visit to China this winter,Im more thandelighted to recommend you a fascinating city-Dali.Dali,located in southwest of Yunnan province,is widely renowned for itscomfortable warm climate,which can
22、 make your winter journey a good experience.Besides,its picturesque scenery must impress you profoundly,particularly Cangshanand Erhai.Finally,it is surely advisable for you to experience Dalis diverse cultureand some historical sites in person,from which you can have a better understandingof Bai et
23、hnic groups tradition.I sincerely hope that you can enjoy yourself and if you have any problem,please feel free to contact me.Yours sincerely,Li Hua第二节第二节Four months later,the speaking contest arrived.The nine other contestants wereall older than him.Marco was overwhelmedthe whole thing just felt so
24、 much biggerthan him,and butterflies filled his stomach.But when he stepped onto the stage andbegan to speak,he felt totally at home and acted extremely natural as he spoke.Theaudience loved him!He felt energized and very aliveit felt like a real birth.To hisshock and amazement,he won!But what made
25、him much more suprised was that hisfather was among the audience!When Marco saw his fathers face,he found his fathers eyes shinning with joy.Itwas at that moment that Marco realized his father believed in him,just like his AuntGinette.When Marco handed his cup to his farther,his father hugged him ti
26、ghly,andapologized for his ignorance of Marcos feelings.The father told his boy he had beenproud of him all the time.The contest was a truly defining moment in Marcos life.He began to believe in himself.His self-esteem and self-confidence started to grow.Today,Marco is a famous speaker,educating,inspiring and entertaining audiencesaround the world.