1、 Unit 3 Language in useModule 2 Education 学 习 目 标复习代词和介词的用法；复习代词和介词的用法；1复习本模块有关学校生活的单词和短语；能写一份宣传单介绍自己的复习本模块有关学校生活的单词和短语；能写一份宣传单介绍自己的学校。学校。2课 堂 导 入1.I took them myself.2.So ours is a bit bigger.3.Everyone is wearing a jacket and tie!4.Did you enjoy yourself in London?5.I went to see my friend Susie.A
2、nd I visited her school.6.They dont sit in rows.Read the following sentences and pay attention to the pronouns inthe sentences.6.And we also have an excellent swimming team.7.It looks really great.8.This means more people to play with.9.Each lesson lasts for an hour.10.Some people learn German inste
3、ad of French.11.Who did Tony visit in London?代词有人称代词、指示代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词和代词有人称代词、指示代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词和疑问代词等。疑问代词等。人称人称代词代词主格：主格：I,you,she,he,it,we,they宾格：宾格：me,you,her,him,it,us,them指示指示代词代词this,these,that,those物主物主代词代词形容词性形容词性:my,your,her,his,its,our,their名词性名词性:mine,yours,hers,his,ours,theirs课 堂 学
4、习反反身代词身代词myself,yourself,herself,himself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves不不定代词定代词some,any,both,either,neither,all,none,each,every,many,much,few,a few,little,a little,other,another,one,somebody,nobody,anybody,everyone,everything,something,anything,nothing等等疑问代词疑问代词what,which,who,whom,whose等等1.s
5、ome&any 都表示都表示“一些一些”，可指可数名词和不可数名词。可做主语和宾，可指可数名词和不可数名词。可做主语和宾语。语。some多用于肯定句，多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句。多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句。Some of the students can speak German.一些学生会说德语。一些学生会说德语。2.neither&none 都表示否定意思，区别在于：都表示否定意思，区别在于：neither表示对两者的否定，而表示对两者的否定，而none表示对三者及以上的否定。表示对三者及以上的否定。I saw two boys at the door,but ne
6、ither of them is my brother.我看见两个男孩在门口，但是他们两个都不是我的弟弟。我看见两个男孩在门口，但是他们两个都不是我的弟弟。None of the students in my class wants/want to take part in this trip.我们班没有一个学生想去参加这次旅行。我们班没有一个学生想去参加这次旅行。3.(a)little&(a)few a little和和a few表示肯定的概念，而表示肯定的概念，而little和和few表示否定的概念。表示否定的概念。There is little milk in the glass.玻璃杯
7、里几乎没有牛奶玻璃杯里几乎没有牛奶。He has many friends；but few are true friends/but only a few are true friends.他有许多朋友，但是没有几个真正的朋友他有许多朋友，但是没有几个真正的朋友/但是只有几个是真正的朋友。但是只有几个是真正的朋友。此外，此外，(a)little用用于修饰不于修饰不可数名词可数名词，而，而(a)few用于修饰可用于修饰可 数名词。数名词。4.both&and both表示表示“两者都两者都”，而，而all表示表示“全体，一切全体，一切”，指三者及以上，指三者及以上，all还可以指不可数的事物。还
8、可以指不可数的事物。All of the boys went to the cinema yesterday evening.昨天晚上所有男孩都去看电影了。昨天晚上所有男孩都去看电影了。Which of the two shirts do you like?这两件衬衫你喜欢哪一件？这两件衬衫你喜欢哪一件？I like both.都喜欢。都喜欢。both和和all还可以用于主语后。还可以用于主语后。e.g.We both/all passed the exam.我们两个都我们两个都/都通过了考试。都通过了考试。5.each&either 都表示都表示“每一个每一个”，each可以表示两者或两者以
9、上中的可以表示两者或两者以上中的“每一个每一个”。而而either只能表示两者中的只能表示两者中的“每一个每一个”。e.g.Each of us/We each got a beautiful card on that special day.Which of the two shirts do you want?Either will do.注意注意:either表示二选一，表示两者都要用表示二选一，表示两者都要用both。6.疑问代词疑问代词 疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句，包括疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句，包括what,which,who,whom,whose等，代词的选择根据句意要求而定。等
10、，代词的选择根据句意要求而定。e.g.When do you hear a bell at school?What are English schools like?How many pupils are there in a class in England?1._(I)took them _(I).2.So _(we)is a bit bigger.3._ is wearing a jacket and tie!4.Did you enjoy _ in London?5._(I)went to see _(I)friend Susie.And _(I)visited _ school.6.
11、_(they)dont sit in rows.I myself ours Everyone yourselfI my I her They 7.And _(we)also have an excellent swimming team.8._(it)looks really great.9._ means more people to play with.10._ lesson lasts for an hour.11._ people learn German instead of French.12._ did Tony visit in London?we It This Each S
12、ome Who 1Underline the correct words.Anna:Hi,Bob.How did your exams go last term?Bob:Great!I got good marks in(1)both/each maths and geography.What about you?Anna:I did really well in English.Thats(2)anything/something Ive always enjoyed.My marks in history and art werent so good because(3)none/neit
13、her is my favorite subject.What will you study this term?Bob:Ive still got(4)a few/few days before I have to decide.Im going to speak to(5)both/all my teachers and ask for their advice.Anna:The teachers say that we must decide for(6)themselves/ourselves and that(7)none/neither of them can tell us wh
14、at to do.Bob:But I have to get(8)some/any information because there are so(9)much/many subjects and its very hard to choose.Complete the passage with the words and expression in the box.2both each other His mine myself A good teacher is someone who is helpful and kind,like my history teacher,Mr.Mill
15、er.(1)knowledge of the subject is excellent.Because of him,I love history and even read history books by(2)after the lessons.A friend of(3)called Mark also loves this subject and sometimes we lend(4)_ books or DVDs about history.I like reading(5)Western and Chinese history books,but I think Chinese
16、history is my favorite subject.Hismyselfmineeach otherboth Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.3he her him himself our she their themselves they us we1.Johns homework is too difficult._ is not able to do it _,so Im going to help _ with it.2.Some people do not have ti
17、me to wash _ pets _,so _ pay someone to do it at the pet shop.3.Jane is doing a project about family history._has asked us to give _ some of _ photos that were taken when we were young.Have _ got any,Betty?Yes,there is a photo of _with all the children in our family.HehimselfhimtheirthemselvestheySh
18、eherourweus1.We go to school every weekday from 8:45 am to 3:15 pm.2.We have a large sports ground for football and tennis,where we can play both during and after school hours.3.Ive been at River School,London,since I was eleven.4.River School is a secondary school,about twenty minutes away from my
19、home by bike.Read the following sentences and pay attention to the prepositions in the sentences.5.There,our head teacher tells us news about the school.6.During the school year there are usually visits to museums and to camps for activities such as climbing and walking in the country.7.In the after
20、noon,we have two more lessons before school finishes.8.Its lucky we dont have exams in every subject.1.We go _ school every weekday_8:45 am _3:15 pm.2.We have a large sports ground _football and tennis,where we can play both _ and _ school hours.3.Ive been _River School,London,since I was eleven.4.R
21、iver School is a secondary school,_ twenty minutes away _ my home _ bike.to from to for during after at about from by 5.There,our head teacher tells us news _ the school.6._ the school year there are usually visits _ museums and _ camps _ activities such as climbing and walking _ the country.7._ the
22、 afternoon,we have two more lessons before school finishes.8.Its lucky we dont have exams _ every subject.aboutDuring to to for in In in 表示时间表示时间at,in,on,before,after,by,until,till,for,during,through,from,since表示场所表示场所at,in,on,under,by,near,between,around表示方向表示方向into,out of,along,across表示方式、手段表示方式、手
23、段by,with,on表示材料表示材料 of,from,in其他其他 of,from,as1.表示年、月、日、时刻等用表示年、月、日、时刻等用 at,in,on2.表示时间的前后用表示时间的前后用 before,after3.表示期限等用表示期限等用 by,until,till4.表示期间等用表示期间等用 for,during,through5.表示时间的起点等用表示时间的起点等用 from,since6.表示时间的经过等用表示时间的经过等用 in,withinat&on&inat用于表示时刻、时间的某一点。用于表示时刻、时间的某一点。at lunch 午餐时 at breakfast早餐时a
24、t night 在夜间 at first 起初at times 偶尔，有时 at the same time同时e.g.We usually have lunch at noon/at twelve.我们通常中午吃午饭(十二点吃午饭)。注意：注意：表示时间的名词前有表示时间的名词前有this,last,next,every等修饰时，其等修饰时，其前面不加介词前面不加介词。this morning 今天早上今天早上 last Monday 上周一上周一every week 每每周周on用于表示某天，某一天的上、下午用于表示某天，某一天的上、下午(指具体的某一时，一律用指具体的某一时，一律用on)
25、。on Monday 在周一在周一 on June 6 在在6月月6日日on Tuesday morning 在星期二早晨在星期二早晨on May 4,2003 在在2003年年5月月4日日on Childrens Day 在在儿童儿童节节那天那天on the night of July(the)first 在七月一日夜晚在七月一日夜晚e.g.We didnt listen to the lecture on Wednesday afternoon.周三下午我们没去听演讲。周三下午我们没去听演讲。in用于表示周、月、季节、年和泛指的上午、下午、晚上用于表示周、月、季节、年和泛指的上午、下午、晚
26、上(指在指在一段时间内一段时间内)。in the week 在这周在这周 in May 在五月在五月in the holiday 在假期中在假期中 in summer 在夏季在夏季in September,1995 在在1995年年9月月in the morning 在上午在上午in the 21st century 在二十一世纪在二十一世纪in time 及时及时 in an hour 一个小时后一个小时后e.g.People go skating in winter.人们人们冬天去滑冰。冬天去滑冰。Do they work in the day time or at night?他们白天工
27、作还是晚上工作？他们白天工作还是晚上工作？before 在在之前之前e.g.Wash your hands before dinner.(before作介词作介词)吃饭前请洗手。吃饭前请洗手。He will call me before he leaves here/before ten oclock.(前一个前一个before作连词；后一个作连词；后一个before作介词作介词)他他离开这儿之前离开这儿之前/十点之前，将给我打电话。十点之前，将给我打电话。before&after两者既可以作介词又可以作连词。两者既可以作介词又可以作连词。after 在在之后之后e.g.Lets sing s
28、ome songs after school.(after作介词作介词)放学后咱们唱歌吧！放学后咱们唱歌吧！Please close the door after you leave the room.(after作连词作连词)离开房间后请关门。离开房间后请关门。by 在在前前(时间时间)；截止；截止(到到)by the end of在在底底(之前之前)by then 到那时到那时by the time+从句从句 在在之前之前e.g.How many English books had you read by the end of last year?到到去年年底你看过多少本英文书？去年年底你
29、看过多少本英文书？She had left by the time I arrived.我到时我到时(之前之前)她已经走了。她已经走了。by&until/tilluntil/till 直到直到为止为止(时间时间)e.g.We didnt begin to watch TV until/till nine oclock.一直到九点，我们才开始看电视。一直到九点，我们才开始看电视。I will wait for him until he comes here.我将在这儿一直等到他来。我将在这儿一直等到他来。for 达达之久之久(表示经过了多少时间表示经过了多少时间)可以和一般现在时、过去可以和一般
30、现在时、过去时、将来时连用，但经常和完成时连用。时、将来时连用，但经常和完成时连用。e.g.He has lived here for 20 years.他在这儿已经住了二十年了。他在这儿已经住了二十年了。We will stay in the city for two days.我们要在这座城市待两天。我们要在这座城市待两天。for&during&throughduring 在在期间期间e.g.They are going to have a good rest during the summer holidays.暑假期间他们打算好好休息一下。暑假期间他们打算好好休息一下。through
31、一直一直(从开始到结束从开始到结束)e.g.They played the cards through the night.He stayed in London through the winter.比较：比较：for和和during。for之后大多跟之后大多跟表示时间表示时间、具体天数等的数字、具体天数等的数字 名词。而名词。而during后后决不能跟表数字的名词。决不能跟表数字的名词。from 从从起起(时间时间)表示表示“从从开始开始”时，一般都是用时，一般都是用词组词组fromto而而单纯表示确切的单纯表示确切的“从几点从几点开始开始”时用时用at。e.g.The meeting w
32、ill be held from eight to ten.这个会议将从这个会议将从8点开到点开到10点。点。The meeting will be held at eight.会议将从八点钟开始。会议将从八点钟开始。from&sincesince 自从自从以来以来(表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续)e.g.I have been sick since yesterday.我从昨天起就病了。我从昨天起就病了。(强调一直病到现在强调一直病到现在)The doctor has saved a lot of lives since he became a doctor
33、.(since作连词，引导时间状语从句作连词，引导时间状语从句)这个医生自从当医生以来已经拯救了这个医生自从当医生以来已经拯救了许多人许多人的生命。的生命。表示场所的介词表示场所的介词表示方向的介词表示方向的介词at,in,on,under,by,near,between,around,oppositeinto,out of,along,across,through,up,pastat在某地在某地(表示比较狭窄的场所表示比较狭窄的场所)at school 上学上学 at home 在家在家at Baker Street 在在贝克街贝克街2号号stand at the door 站在门边站在门边
34、at the bottom/back/end/head ofe.g.Ill meet him at the Beijing railway station.我将去北京站接他。我将去北京站接他。at&inin 在某地在某地(表示比较宽敞的场所表示比较宽敞的场所)in Beijing 在北京在北京 in the world在世界上在世界上in the bed 躺在床上躺在床上 in China 在中国在中国in a book/newspaper 在书上在书上/报纸上报纸上e.g.His brother is in prison.He was arrested 2 years ago.他哥哥两年前被
35、捕的，现在他在监狱中他哥哥两年前被捕的，现在他在监狱中服刑服刑。Mike works in the prison.迈迈克在监狱工作。克在监狱工作。She was born in China.她出生于中国。她出生于中国。on 在在上面，有接触面。上面，有接触面。on the desk 在桌子上面在桌子上面on the map 在地图上在地图上e.g.There are two maps on the wall.墙墙上有两张地图。上有两张地图。on 在在靠近靠近的地方的地方on the right 在右边在右边 on the river在河边在河边on the pavement 在人行道上在人行道
36、上on&above&over&under&belowabove 在在上方上方e.g.Our plane flew above the clouds.我们的飞机在云端上飞行。我们的飞机在云端上飞行。over 在在正上方，是正上方，是under的反义词的反义词e.g.There is a light over Li Ming.李明的正上方有一盏灯。李明的正上方有一盏灯。A few birds were flying over the sea.有几只鸟在海上飞。有几只鸟在海上飞。under 在在下面；在下面；在之内之内under the table 桌子下面桌子下面under the jacket
37、在夹克内在夹克内e.g.The dog is under the table.这这只狗在桌子下面。只狗在桌子下面。below 在在下方下方(不一定是正下方不一定是正下方)正下方是正下方是under，below是是above的反义词。的反义词。e.g.There are a lot of fishes below the surface of the water.水下面有许多的鱼。水下面有许多的鱼。near近的，不近的，不远的远的 near=not far，是，是far的反义词。的反义词。near还可以指时间，如：还可以指时间，如：in the near future 在不久的将来在不久的将来e
38、.g.Is there a bus stop near here?这儿这儿附近有公共汽车站吗？附近有公共汽车站吗？by 在在旁边，距离比旁边，距离比near要近要近by the window 在窗户边在窗户边 by me在我旁边在我旁边e.g.The boy is standing by the window.那个那个男孩站在窗边。男孩站在窗边。near&bybetween 在两者之间在两者之间e.g.My teacher is sitting between Tom and Mike.我们的老师正坐在汤姆和麦克之间。我们的老师正坐在汤姆和麦克之间。Whats the difference b
39、etween A and B？among 在三者或更多的之中在三者或更多的之中e.g.There is a beautiful house among the trees.在树林之中有一间漂亮的房子。在树林之中有一间漂亮的房子。He is very popular among the students.他在学生之中很受欢迎。他在学生之中很受欢迎。between&among&aroundaround环绕，在环绕，在周围，在周围，在四周四周e.g.We sat around the table.我们在桌子四周坐下来。我们在桌子四周坐下来。The earth moves around the sun
40、.地球围绕太阳转。地球围绕太阳转。in(the)front of 在在的前面的前面(前部前部)e.g.There is a tree in front of the house.在房屋前面有一棵树。在房屋前面有一棵树。There is a big desk for the teacher in the front of the classroom.在在教室前部有一张大讲桌。教室前部有一张大讲桌。behind 在在后面，是后面，是in front of 的反义词的反义词e.g.There is a tree behind my house.我家房子后面有一棵树。我家房子后面有一棵树。in fro
41、nt of&behind&oppositeopposite 在在对面对面e.g.Our school is opposite a university.我们学校在一所大学的对面。我们学校在一所大学的对面。He stood opposite me.他站在我对面。他站在我对面。in 在在之内，用于表示静止的位置之内，用于表示静止的位置e.g.The students are in the classroom.学生们学生们在教室里。在教室里。into进入，用于表示有特定终点的运动的方向。通常用于表示动进入，用于表示有特定终点的运动的方向。通常用于表示动作的动词之后。如：作的动词之后。如：go,com
42、e,walk,run等。等。e.g.The students run into the classroom.学生们学生们跑进教室。跑进教室。He jumped into the water.他跳入水中。他跳入水中。in&into&out of&upout of和和into一样，也表示有一定的运动方向一样，也表示有一定的运动方向e.g.The students rushed out of the room.学生们学生们冲出房间。冲出房间。up 移动移动e.g.The children climbed up the tree.孩子们爬上了树。孩子们爬上了树。along 沿着沿着e.g.I was
43、walking along the river when it began to rain.我正沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来了。我正沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来了。across 横过横过e.g.I often swim across the river.我我常游泳横渡这条河。常游泳横渡这条河。along&across&past&throughpast 经过经过e.g.Every day he runs past the city hall.他每天跑步经过市政府。他每天跑步经过市政府。through 贯穿，通过贯穿，通过e.g.The sun shone through the clouds.阳光穿
44、过云层照射下来。阳光穿过云层照射下来。The river was through the city.这条河穿过这个城市。这条河穿过这个城市。to到达到达地点地点(目的地目的地)或方向或方向e.g.He came to Japan in 1980.他他1980年来到日本。年来到日本。for表示目的地，表示目的地，“向向”for表目的时，一般都是和固定动词搭配。表目的时，一般都是和固定动词搭配。leave for 动身去动身去 start for 出发去出发去e.g.I will leave for America next week.下周下周我将动身去美国。我将动身去美国。from 从从地点起地
45、点起e.g.Its about ten minutes walk from here to the cinema.从这儿到电影院大约步行十分钟从这儿到电影院大约步行十分钟。to&from&for注意：表示搭乘交通工具时，用注意：表示搭乘交通工具时，用by时不用冠词，用时不用冠词，用in时要用冠词。时要用冠词。请比较：请比较：By 用用 某种方式，多用于交通。如：某种方式，多用于交通。如：by bus 乘公共汽车乘公共汽车by e-mail 通过电子邮件通过电子邮件e.g.I went there by bus/in a bus.我是坐公共汽车去的那儿我是坐公共汽车去的那儿。e.g.He bro
46、ke the window with a stone.他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。注意：注意：with表示用某种工具时，必须用冠词或物主代词表示用某种工具时，必须用冠词或物主代词。表示表示“用某种工具用某种工具”。如：。如：on 表示表示“以以.方式方式”，多用于固定词组。，多用于固定词组。e.g.They talked on the telephone.他们通过电话进行交谈。他们通过电话进行交谈。She learns English on the radio/on TV.她通过收音机她通过收音机/电视学英语。电视学英语。This box is made of paper.这个
47、这个盒子是纸做的。盒子是纸做的。from成品已看不出原料成品已看不出原料。如：如：of成品仍可看出原料。如成品仍可看出原料。如:Wine is made from grapes.葡葡 萄萄 酒是葡萄酿成的。酒是葡萄酿成的。in表示用某种材料或语言。如：表示用某种材料或语言。如：Please fill in the form in pencil first.请先用铅笔填写这个表格。请先用铅笔填写这个表格。They talk in English.他们用英语交谈。他们用英语交谈。in指用材料，不用冠词；而指用材料，不用冠词；而with指用工具，要用冠词。请比较：指用工具，要用冠词。请比较：draw
48、 in pencil/draw with a pencilof(属于属于)的；表示的；表示的数量或种类的数量或种类e.g.Im from Nanjing.我来自南京。我来自南京。I have got a letter from my friend.我收到了我朋友的一封信我收到了我朋友的一封信。from 来自来自(某地、某人某地、某人)；以；以起始起始(时间或地点时间或地点)e.g.This is a map of China.这这是一张中国地图。是一张中国地图。Will you please give me a cup of tea?请给我一杯茶好吗？请给我一杯茶好吗？He dressed a
49、s a policeman.他他装扮成警察。装扮成警察。1.as 表示好像。如表示好像。如:2.表示表示作为当作。如：作为当作。如：3.当当某人是某身份时。如：某人是某身份时。如：I found a job as a guide.我我找到了一份导游的工作。找到了一份导游的工作。As a child,she was sent to abroad.她她小时候被送到国外。小时候被送到国外。as Complete the passage with the words in the box.You need to use one word more than once.4at for in onThe
50、school cinema shows lots of foreign films.Next week(1)Friday and Sunday it is showing a French film called Never Say Goodbye.The story is set(2)_ Paris(3)_ the 1960s.The film lasts two hours and fifteen minutes and starts(4)_ 6:30 and 9:30(5)_ the evenings.Tickets are 5,but there is a special half-p
