1、Period 3 Discovering useful structuresSubject ClausesUnit 2 Bridging Cultures主讲老师：Miss Huang1.What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei.2.What surprised Xie Lei was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.3.It is important that Xie Lei keeps a balance
2、between her studies and her social life.主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前；或由形式主语谓语动词之前；或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末代替，而本身放在句子末尾。尾。小结：小结：Who will win the match is still unknown.Where the party will be held has not yet been announced.That she used to be a spy is known to all.Whether it wil
3、l do good to us remains to be seen.小结：结构：连接词+主语+谓语（+宾语）语序：所有从句一律保持 语序 陈述句主语从句的连接词主语从句的连接词从属连词从属连词that,if,whether连接代词连接代词who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever,what,whatever连接副词连接副词where,when,why,how1.That he will win is certain.2.That you are coming to London is known to all.3.That he will
4、come to our village tomorrow surprises us all.that：当主语从句本身不缺成分时，用当主语从句本身不缺成分时，用 连接。只起连接作连接。只起连接作用，本身无实义，不充当任何成分，但用，本身无实义，不充当任何成分，但不能省略不能省略。1.从属连词从属连词that：that1.Whether hell join us in the discussion is of great importance.2.Whether they would support us was a problem.当主语从句本身含有是否是否的意思时，连接词必须用 。2.从属连词
5、从属连词whether：whether作宾语作宾语不作成分不作成分不作成分不作成分作主语作主语作主语作主语作宾语作宾语1.Itbe形容词(necessary,right,(un)likely,wrong,important,certain,clear,obvious,strange,normal,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,probable等)that从句。例：我不可能接受像那样的帮助。.It isn t likely that I should accept such an offer as thatIt is
6、necessary that 有必要It is important that.重要的是It is obvious that 很明显Itbe名词（词组）(a pity,a shame,good news,a fact,an honor,a wonder,no wonder,a good thing,no surprise等)that从句。例：难怪他不想去。.It was no wonder that he didn t want to goIt is common knowledge that 是常识It is a surprise that.令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实
7、是3.It+be+过去分词(said,told,heard,reported,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,remembered,thought,considered,well-known,announced等)+that从句例：据说这个新改编本将在明年出版。It is said that the new adaptation will come out next year.It is known to all that.众所周知It is reported that.据报道It is believed that.据信;人们相信It is suggeste
8、d that.有人建议It must be pointed out that.必须指出It has been proved that.已证明.【特别注意】It is important/natural/necessary/impossible that.句型中,主语从句应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”的形式,should有时有感情色彩。在“It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required.+that从句”结构中,从句谓语应用“(should+)动词原形”。4.It+特殊动词或短语(seem,appear,
9、happen,matter,turn out,occur to,make no difference等)+that从句例：一些导弹似乎已经被移走了。It appears that some missiles have been moved.It seems/appears that.似乎It happened that.碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起 It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 主语从句常用it作形式主语，一般常用句型为：It is+名词/形容词/过去分词+主语从句 强调句的结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that+从句 强调主语：It is the
10、times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄 强调宾语：It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us.强调状语：It was in shanghai that I saw the film.判断强调句de方法：将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分，带到你认为缺成分的地方，如果放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。whether与if引导主语从句：主语从句位于主句谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用 whether引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whe
11、ther可互换。例1：Whether it will do good to us remains to be seen.改为：例2：Whether the band would visit our city was still a mystery.改为：It remains to be seen if/whether it will do good to us.It was still a mystery if/whether the band would visity our city.不能换成if 可以与if 进行替换if 不能置于句首主谓一致主谓一致1.When he will do t
12、he experiment _(have)not been decided yet.2.What we badly need _ enough time to sleep.3.What the boy wants _ some books of great benefit.hasisare从句做主语谓语一般用单数从句做主语谓语一般用单数 what从句根据它所指代的内容确认谓语单复数从句根据它所指代的内容确认谓语单复数分析分析句子句子成分成分缺主宾表定缺主宾表定缺状语缺状语用连接用连接代词代词 用连用连接副词接副词根据语意缺根据语意缺什么补什么什么补什么不缺成分不缺成分缺缺“是否是否”不缺成分不
13、缺成分无实义无实义用连接词用连接词that用连接词用连接词whether解题方法&步骤：who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever,what,whateverwhere,when,why,howPratice选择题1._ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.A.The estimate B.The estimated C.They are estimated D.It is estimated that2._ some mammals came to live in
14、 the sea is not known.A.Which B.Since C.Although D.How 3._ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.A.Whoever B.Whatever C.However D.That 4._ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.A.For the reason that he is B.Just because he is C.The reason of being D.That he i
15、s 5.Although _ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction,it could occur elsewhere in the world.A.which B.what C.how D.it6._ she had forgotten to take her notebook.A.That occurred to her B.She occurred that C.To her that occurred D.It occurred to her that7.I am sure that _ she sa
16、id is wrong.A.which B.all C.this D.what8.We lost our way in the forest,and _ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.A.that B.which C.it D.what9._ or not is still uncertain.A.He s coming B.If he is coming C.That coming D.Whether he s coming10.It s _ he ll be able to come.A.doubt whether B.do
17、ubtful C.doubt it D.doubtful whether 1.Whether he will come on the weather.2.What I want money.3.What we need good books4.What he said reasonable.5.What we will do decided.6.Where he was born and where he lives now not clear.7.Where and when he was born a secret.填入正确的谓语动词dependsisareishasn t beenare
18、remains 找出下列句子中的主语从句及其引导词，并指出引导词是否充当成分，充当什么成分。1.That we shall be late is certain.2.That the driver could not control his car was obvious.3.It is certain that we shall be late.4.It was obvious that the driver could not control his car.5.Is it possible that they will come tomorrow？6.It is clear that h
19、e was telling the truth.7.It s probable that we ll be a little late.8.What caused the accident is a complete mystery.9.It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.10.It shocked me that Peter didn t tell anybody where he was.用适当的引导词填空。用适当的引导词填空。1.It is likely _ he is the winner of this game.很
20、可能他是这场游戏的胜利者。2._ she bought so many dictionaries is not clear.=It is not clear _ she bought so many dictionaries.不清楚她为什么买这么多字典。3._ he was admitted into Beijing University made his teachers and parents happy.他考上了北大，这让他的老师和父母很高兴。4.It s a pity_ you can t attend my birthday party.很可惜你不能参加我的生日聚会。5._ we w
21、ill build a new high school hasn t been decided.我们是否要建新高中还没决定呢。thatWhywhyThatthatWhether6._ breaks the law should be punished.不管谁违法都应该受到惩罚。7.It is necessary _ the problem(should)be solved at once.很有必要立刻解决这个问题。8._ he was born is unknown.他生于何时还不知道。9 It is possible _ he has stolen the car.很可能他偷了小车。10._
22、 has broken the glass is unknown.谁打破了玻璃现在还不知道。WhoeverthatWhenthatWho 翻译1(谁将去接他)_ is not decided.2(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)_ is not clear.3(他能否买到飞机票)_ doesn t matter much.4(我们如何去那里)_ is a question.5(你刚才告诉我的)_ was really a surprise.Who will pick him upWhich class will win the football matchWhether he can buy the
23、 plane ticketHow we will go thereWhat you told me just now6(他什么时候出国)_ is being discussed.7(他为什么哭)_ is not clear.8It is clear_(他是一个乞丐).9(你要请谁)_ is not important.10(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)_ is not clear.Why he criedthat he is a beggarWhen he will go abroadWho you will inviteWhere we will hold the basketball matc
24、h1.他来帮助你是确实无疑的。.2.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。.3.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。.4.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。.That he will come and help you is certainWhether there is life on the moon is an interesting questionWhat he wants to tell us is not clearWho will win the match is still unknown5英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。.6我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。.7.他没来参加这个聚会真是一个遗
25、憾。.8.很显然，学生应该为他们的未来做好充分的准备。.It is obvious to students that they should get well prepared for their future.Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announcedIt is known to us how he became a writerIt is a pity that he didn t take part in this party that whether what（ever）which(ever)who(ever)whom(ever)whose when where how why whenever wherever however 连接连接词词连接连接代词代词连接连接副词副词无意义无意义是否是否不做成分不做成分作主、宾、表作主、宾、表、定语、定语作状语作状语谓语一般用单数谓语一般用单数从句用陈述语序从句用陈述语序不能省略关联词不能省略关联词Thank you for your listening!
