1、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。.She lived for six and a half years,only half the life of the sheep from which she was cloned.她活了六年半，寿命只有她被克隆出来的绵羊（母体绵羊）的一半。句型1“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句.(1)在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，若先行词指物，关系代词用which，不可以用that;若先行词指人，则关系代词用whom，不可以用who或that。Ill never forget the days in which I worked with you.我将永远不会忘记
2、我与你一起工作的日子。Do you know the man with whom Lucy talked just now?你认识那个刚才跟露西说话的男子吗？.(2)介词的选取要遵循“一先、二动、三意义”的原则。“一先”即复据先行词的习惯搭配来确定介词;“二动”即根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词的习惯搭配来确定介词;“三意义”即根据定语以句的意义来确定介词。根据先行词的习惯搭配来确定介词。The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读的学校非常有名。I need a piece of paper on which I can w
3、rite a letter.我需要一张可以写一封信的纸。根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.明天我将把你要的一本杂志带到这里。(ask for)Well go to see the famous singer about whom we have often talked.我们将去看我们经常谈论的那位著名歌手。(talk about)根据定语从句中的形容词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。Liu Chuanjian,of whom we all feel proud,a
4、ppeared on the Spring Festival Gala.刘传健，我们都为之感到自豪的人，出现在春节联欢晚会上了。(feel proud of)West Lake，for which Hangzhou is famous，is a beautiful place.西湖是一个美丽的地方，杭州因它而闻名。(be famous for)根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。Air，without which we couldnt live，is very important.空气很重要，没有它我们无法生存。（根据定语从句的意义确定介词用without)“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词
5、常用which(指物)或whom(指人)，即介词+which/whom。1.当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词which或whom不能省略。In the dark street,there wasnt a single person,to whom she could turn for help.在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。2.在限制性定语从句中，当介词位于定语从句的末尾时，可用that/which(指物)，that/whom/who(指人)作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。This is the hero we are proud of.这是我们引以为荣的那个英雄
6、。thatwhowhom(可省略).This is the pen I wrote the letter with.这是我写信时用的那支钢笔。thatwhich(可省略)注意：有些“动词+介词”的固定词组不可把介词置于关系代词前。这就是我正在找的磁带。误This is the right tape for which Im looking.正This is the right tape that Im looking for.常见的不可拆开的动词词组有：care for喜欢，照顾 deal with处理，对付 get through通过；接通电话 hear from/of 收到某人的来信/听说
7、 look for/after寻找/照顾 send for派人去请 see to照管，料理.3.“复合介词短语+关系代词which”引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装语序。He lived in a big house,in front of which stood a big tree.他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵大树。.4.“介词+which/whom+不定式”结构。The poor man has no house in which to live.=The poor man has no house to live in.=The poo
8、r man has no house in which he can live.那个穷人没房子住。.The beggar has no money with which to buy food.=The beggar has no money to buy food with.=The beggar has no money with which he can buy food.那个乞丐没钱买吃的。.5.“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构此类结构常见的有:some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most of which/whom等形式。Here are t
9、he questions,some of which I think are difficult for you.这儿有些问题，其中我认为对你来说时难的。6.关系代词前介词的确定(1)依据定语从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。I bought a great many books,on which I spent all my money that I saved.我买了很多书，这些书花了我积攒的所有钱。（2）依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定。Ill never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
10、我永远不会忘记孩童时期我在乡村度过的时光。She showed the visitors around the museum,the construction of which had taken more than three years.带领游客们参观了这个博物馆，建设这个博物馆花了三年多的时间。(3)根据所表达的意思来确定。The colorlessgas without whichwe cannot live iscalled oxygen.这种无色的气体称为氧气，离了它我们不能存活。There are two buildings,_stands nearlya hundred fee
11、t high.A.the larger B.the larger of them C.the larger one that D.the larger of which 解析句意：有两栋大楼，其中较大的一栋将近一百英尺高。表示“两者中较.的一个”应用“the+比较级+of.”，which指代先行词two buildings。D.We saw several natives advancing towards ourparty,and one of them came up to us,_we gave some bells and glasses.A.to which B.to whom C.with whom D.with which 解析句意：我们看见几个当地人正向我们的派对走来，其中一个人走到我们面前，我们给了他一些铃铛和眼镜。先行词为one of them，指人，再根据give sth.tosb.结构可知，此处为介词to提前，故应由to whom引导非限制性定语从句。B
