1、Logical Relation in Gap Filling 高三专题复习高三专题复习阅读阅读 “七选五七选五”解题技巧解题技巧 之之 逻辑关系逻辑关系 考情分析之命题的特点： 试题模式：试题模式：给出一篇缺少给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有个句子的文章，对应有7个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、 内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。 考查重点：考查重点：主要考查考生对主要考查考生对文章的整体内容文章的整体内容和和结构结构以及以及上下文逻辑意义上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。的理解和掌握。 （考试
2、说明）（考试说明） 选项特点：选项特点： 主旨概括句（文章整体内容）主旨概括句（文章整体内容） 过渡性句子（文章结构）过渡性句子（文章结构） 注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义） 本节学习目标本节学习目标： 通过练习，掌握七选五之通过练习，掌握七选五之题型特点题型特点和和命命 题方式题方式，以及，以及答题技巧答题技巧; 提高得分能力。提高得分能力。 Step :Review 解解 题题 策策 略略 设空位置设空位置 （结构）（结构） 词汇对应词汇对应 （内容）（内容） 句际关系句际关系 （逻辑）（逻辑） 段落小标题段落小标题概括性短语概括
3、性短语 段首段首主题句主题句 段中段中过渡句过渡句 段尾段尾总结概括句总结概括句 相同相同/相近相近/相反语义对应相反语义对应 代词对应代词对应 上下文语境上下文语境 ? 逻辑衔接逻辑衔接 leading-in 连句成篇连句成篇 (要求：可以添加一些词不句，使其成为一个有趣的故事） Step: 1. My mother is an ordinary housewife. 2. She was sitting there, watching TV. 3. I found her weeping. 4. I told her a funny story. She Step:
4、skillsskills 解释例证关系 转折对比关系 时间顺序关系 逻辑 关系 并列递进关系 概括总结关系 因果关系 解释例证关系是指后面的句子对前面 的句子作解释（是什么？怎么做？）、 引申（有本意引出新意）、例证（丼 例说明）、使意思更加明了，具体。 考查形式：归纳 (从例子到观点) 和推 理 (从观点到例子)两种 。 Do the exercises and discuss with your group partners. （1）What is your logical relation between your choice and sentences (be
5、fore and after blank) in your materials ? （2）What are commonly used linking words in this logical relation? (There are six different practices for different groups. Then I will ask one representive of your group to give me your groups answer). Example1 Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can ha
6、rm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 1 . A. But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with l
7、ife-changing events. B. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments. C. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain. 解释说明 解释说明 :in fact; in other words, or rather（更确切的说) for example , for instance , as a matter of fact , actually ,t
8、hat is (to say) Example2 Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal or at least many parts of it have. 1 . Ideas about social class whether a person is “working - class” or “middle - class” are one area in which changes have been extremely slow. A. In some ways, h
9、owever, very little has changed, particularly where attitudes are concerned. B. Such changes could be apparent in the whole society. 转折对比 转折关键词：but, however, yet ,nevertheless, still, whereas, on the contrary, by contrast, in comparison, instead , otherwise, etc. Example3 At first I was paid i
10、n candy. 1 I worked every day after school, and during the summer and on weekends and holidays from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. My father helped me set up a bank account A.Later I received 50 cents an hour. B. Before long, she let me sit there by myself. C. I ended my selling a record
11、 amount of cosmetics. D. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers. 时间顺序 时间顺序 时间顺序关系: 指各句子只能按事物发展的过程 有先而后的顺序排列，丌可随意改变次序，通常 出现于记叙文或描述固定的操作程序的说明文中。 常用连接词：first, next , then , later, after that, afterwards, eventually, etc. Example4 Tired office workers suddenly h
12、ave more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 1 And supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. 并列递进 A. The music gives them extra energy. B. Music is playing in the background. C. Factory workers produce 13 percent
13、 more. D. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world. 并列递进关系：指句不句之间处于平等并列的地 位，互丌相属，而只是组合在一起共同说明一个 问题，可以改变次序。常用联系词：and, also, further, moreover, whats more, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also. Example5 It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to p
14、ress your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. 1 The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally. 因果关系 A. Making new friends comes easy for some people. B. For a friendship to develop
15、you need to stay in touch. C. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you. 因果关系连接词： so, therefore, thus, hence, as a result, consequently. A serious problem for todays society is I would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem. First, employers should take responsibi
16、lity for their retired employees. Another way of solving the problem is to return the responsibility to the individual. In addition, the government could take responsibility for the care of the elderly. 1 , it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed
17、to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations. A.To sum up, all these options have advantages and disadvantages. B. Its unfair to let the social organization shoulder all the responsibility. C. To make this possible, a percentage of profits should be set aside for this purpose. 概括总结
18、 概括总结： to sum up, in short, in summary, in general, to conclude , in conclusion, in brief, on the whole Example6 设空位置设空位置 （结构）（结构） 段首段首主题句主题句 段中段中过渡句过渡句 段尾段尾总结概括句总结概括句 词汇对应词汇对应 （内容）（内容） 代词对应代词对应 句际关系句际关系 （逻辑）（逻辑） 解释例证解释例证 转折对比转折对比 并列递进并列递进 因果关系因果关系 概括总结关系概括总结关系 上下文语境上下文语境 Step : Summary 解解 题题
19、策策 略略 段落小标题段落小标题概括性短语概括性短语 相同相同/相近相近/相反语义对应相反语义对应 Step ：Tips Tips 做题步骤 1.看看标题和选项，标题和选项，做做预测，勾画线索词预测，勾画线索词 2.灵活灵活答题答题,注意空格位置注意空格位置 3.读文章，找线索读文章，找线索 4.重读文章保连贯重读文章保连贯 排除干扰项排除干扰项 先先易后难易后难 词词 汇汇 篇章结构篇章结构 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36_ . By helping
20、them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1.Curiosit Your children need to be deeply curious. 37_ . Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? W
21、hat could we try next time? 2. Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new38_. There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. 3
22、.Personal skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know whats going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39_. “Why do you think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that
23、 man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” 4. Self Expression 40_ there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas music, acting, drawing,building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. A. Encourage ki
24、ds to cook with you. B. And we cant forget science education. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist? E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real l
25、ife or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 例题 DACFG 答案答案 How to Have a Successful Teenage Life Everyone wants to succeed in their life, dont they? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it rea
26、lly isnt that hard. 31 Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school; listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. 32 School sets you up on the right t
27、rack! Do good in your community .(社区社区) ).Volunteering can not only improve your community's status, it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression (抑郁）抑郁）than people who dont. 33 For example, if you love animals, volu
28、nteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself. . 34 Remember, theyre there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they ann
29、oy you sometimes. 35 You don't get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when youre an adult, you dont get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now. A. Live life to t
30、he fullest. B. Be nice to your parents and teachers. C. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you. D. It will help you pass time and develop your personality. E. Here are some important points that you may find helpful. F. Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care abo
31、ut you. G. Doing so will help you get into a better university and have a bright future. E 承上启下 代词指代 G 丼例说明 C 段落主旨 B 并列关系 F 概括总结 “一展身手一展身手” Step ：HomeworkHomework 七选五专题练习：5篇 考纲词汇：50个 Beautiful sentence:Beautiful sentence: One needs three things to be truly happy living in the world: something to do; someone to love, something to hope for. 在这个世界我们只需三件事情便可真正快在这个世界我们只需三件事情便可真正快 乐：有事做；有人爱；有期待。乐：有事做；有人爱；有期待。 Thanks for your attending!
