1、PEP小学英语毕业总复习1. a, an的选择: 元音音素开头的单词用an，如：an ant/ egg/ ice-cream/ orange/ umbrella辅音音素开头的单词用a. 2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are， I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have, I you 用 have .I / you/ we have many books. He/ She has many books.4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物或某人。单数
2、用there is , 复数用there are.There is a bed in the bedroom. There are some/ many books on the desk. Are there any books on the desk?5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.6. 疑问词的选择: what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) why（为什么）when(什么时候） how (如何) which（哪一个）how old (多大) how many（多少） how much（多少钱/多少） whose (谁的)二：
3、形容词比较级详解比较级的句子结构通常是：主语 + be动词(am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+比较对象 ,如：Im taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是： 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine finer , 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如fun
4、ny - funnier heavy-heavier 双写最后的字母再加er，如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair. (yours=your hair)三：动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：、规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加
5、ed：如worked , learned , cleaned , visited以e结尾的动词直接加d：如lived , danced , used, tasted, 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如study studied carry carried worry worried （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类） 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如stopped、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing sang , eat ate ,see saw , have had , do did , g
6、o went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , swim swam , am/is was , are were , make-made, win-won, say said , leave left , tell told , draw drew , come came , hurt hurt , run-ran, lose-lost, drink-drank, find-found 重要句型： Where did you go on your holiday? I went to What did you
7、do there? I + 动词过去式. How did you go there? I went (there) by/on. When did you go there? I went yesterday/last（表示过去的时间） Who did you go with? I went with +人物. Did you have a good time? Yes, I did./ No, I didnt.四：动词现在分词： 动词的ing形式的构成规则： 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 结尾的动
8、词，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing, taking 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting五：一般将来时态 (be going to/will +动词原形)表示一般将来时的时间状语有：this morning, this afternoon, this evening, tomorrow, tonight, this weekend, next week, next month, next year, next weekend.你将要去哪里？Where are you going this we
9、ekend? Im going to the bookstore.你将要做什么？What are you going to do? Im going to buy a book.你将什么时候去？When are you going? Im going in the morning.你将怎样去呢？How are you going? Im going by bus.你将和谁一起去？Who are you going with? Im going with my friend.六：第三人称单数第三人称单数动词的变化：1.一般情况加s，如：readreads；livelives；playplays；
10、singsings2.动词末尾以s，x，ch，sh或部分以o结尾的加es。（记住课本中出现的这几个：watches, teaches, goes, does, washes, passes）3.辅音字母+y结尾的把y变i再加es，如：flyflies；studystudies4.特殊情况：have-has5.第三人称单数主语包括：he; she; it; my father/friend; Amy/Hangzhou等一个人名或地名。例如：Helikes drawing pictures. Sheworks in a car company. Itcomes from the clouds.My
11、 fathergoes to work on foot. Mike often reads books after lunch.6.一般疑问句：does提前，动词还原。DoessheteachEnglish？ Doesyour pen pallivein Hangzhou? 七、 名词的复数形式. 一般直接加s: hands, books, desks, apples. 以o结尾的加es的有: tomatoes, potatoes 其他加s: zoos, photos, pianos. 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glasses, boxes, classes, watches(手
12、表) 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es: baby-babies, city-cities, dictionary-dictionaries 以f/fe结尾的，多将-f或-fe改变为-ves: knife-knives, leaf-leaves, 不规则变: man men woman women child children foot feet tooth teeth goose geese mouse mice people-people fish-fish sheep-sheep八：句型专项归类1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：Im a student.
13、She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.He
14、will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.注意 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isnt，arent”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人
15、称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there are
16、nt.Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上
17、，把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导
18、的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：What is this? Its a computer. What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.Which season do you like best? Summer. When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is
19、this? Its Amys. Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.How are you? Im fine. / Im happy. How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量)）, how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）小结：how many 用来提问
20、可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少？ How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少？How many + 名词复数 + are there? 有多少？九：人称和数人称代词物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I（我）memy（我的）复数we（我们）usour（我们的）第二人称单数you（你）youyour（你的）复数you（你们）youyour（你们的）第三人称单数he（他）himhis（他的）she（她）herher（她的）it（它）itits（它的）复数they（他们/她们/它们）themthe
21、ir（他们的/她们的/它们的）七：完全、缩略形式: Im=I am hes=he is shes=she is theyre=they are youre=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not dont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=I will wasnt=was not通常情况下，m即am，s即is（但 lets=let us）， re即are ，nt即not（但cant=can not）八：与字
22、母相关的题型 ( 注：五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu )单词汇总学习用品(school things)：pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子book书bag包comic book漫画书post card明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀story-book故事书notebook笔记本Chinese book语文书English book英语书math book数学书magazine杂志dictionary词典人体（body）：foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻
23、子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴 neck 脖子颜色（colours）：red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白black黑pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕动物（animals）：cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse马elephant大象ant蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡turke
24、y火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶牛donkey驴squid鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark鲨鱼seal海豹sperm whale抹香鲸killer whale虎鲸人物（people）：friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔；舅舅man男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐lady女士；小姐mom妈妈dad爸爸parents父母grandparents祖父母grandma/grandmother（外）祖母grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父aunt姑姑cousin堂（表）兄弟；堂（表
25、）姐妹son儿子daughter女儿baby婴儿kid小孩classmate同学queen女王visitor参观者neighbour邻居principal校长university student大学生pen pal笔友tourist旅行者people人物robot机器人职业（jobs）：teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家TV reporter电视台记者engineer工程师accountant会计policeman(男)警察salesperson
26、销售员cleaner清洁工baseball player棒球运动员assistant售货员police警察dancer 舞者 食品、饮料（food & drink）：rice米饭bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish鱼tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hot dog热狗hamburger汉堡包French fries炸薯条cookie曲奇biscuit饼干jam果酱noodles面条meat肉chicken鸡肉pork猪肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup汤ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可乐juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakf
27、ast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐水果、蔬菜(fruit & vegetables)：apple苹果banana香蕉pear梨orange橙watermelon西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子green beans青豆tomato西红柿potato土豆peach桃strawberry草莓cucumber黄瓜onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜cabbage卷心菜衣服（clothes）：jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫T-shirt丅恤衫skirt短裙子dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤pants长裤socks袜子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣rai
28、ncoat雨衣shorts短裤sneakers网球鞋slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋boots靴子hat(有沿的)帽子cap便帽sunglasses太阳镜交通工具(vehicles)：bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车boat小船ship轮船yacht快艇car小汽车taxi出租车jeep吉普车van小货车；面包车plane/airplane飞机subway/underground地铁motor cycle摩托车杂物（other things）：window窗户door门desk课桌chair椅子bed床computer计算机board写字板fan风扇light灯teachers
29、 desk讲台picture图画；照片wall墙壁floor地板curtain窗帘trash bin垃圾箱closet壁橱mirror镜子end table床头柜football/soccer足球present礼物walkman随身听lamp台灯phone电话sofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱table桌子TV电视air-conditioner空调key钥匙lock锁photo照片chart图表plate盘子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot锅gift礼物toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球balloon气球kite风筝jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏b
30、ox盒子umbrella伞zipper拉链violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球nest鸟窝hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷menu菜单e-card电子卡片e-mail电子邮件traffic light交通灯money钱medicine药地点（locations）：home家room房间bedroom卧室bathroom卫生间living room起居室kitchen厨房classroom教室school学校park公园library图书馆post office邮局police office警察局hospital医院cinema电影院bookstore书店farm农场zoo动物园ga
31、rden花园study书房playground操场canteen食堂teachers office教师办公室library图书馆gym体育馆washroom卫生间art room绘画教室computer room计算机教室music room音乐教室TV room电视机房flat公寓company公司factory工厂fruit stand水果摊pet shop宠物商店nature park自然公园theme park主题公园science museum科学博物馆the Great Wall长城supermarket超市bank银行country国家village乡村city城市hometow
32、n家乡bus stop公交车站课程（classes）：sports体育运动science科学Moral Education思想品德课Social Studies社会课Chinese语文math数学PE体育课English英语课 art class美术课 music class音乐课 computer class 电脑课国家、城市（countries & cities）：China/PRC中国America/USA美国UK联合王国England英国Canada/CAN加拿大Australia澳大利亚New York纽约London伦敦Sydney悉尼Moscow莫斯科气象（weather）：co
33、ld寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎热的rainy下雨的windy有风的cloudy多云的weather report天气预报景物（nature）：river河流lake湖泊stream河；溪forest森林path小道road公路house房子 bridge桥building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太阳mountain山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind风 air空气moon月亮植物（plants）：flower花grass草tree树seed种子sprout苗plant植物rose玫瑰leaf叶子星期（week）：Monday星期一Tu
34、esday星期二Wednesday星期三Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期天weekend周末月份（months）：Jan. (January)一月Feb.（February）二月Mar.(March)三月April四月May五月 June六月July七月Aug.(August)八月Sept.(September)九月Oct.(October)十月Nov.(November)十一月Dec.(December)十二月 （五、六、七三个月份没有缩写）季节（seasons）：spring春summer夏fall/autumn秋winter冬方位（direc
35、tions）：south南north北east东west西left左边right右边 i患病（illness）：have a fever发烧hurt疼痛have a cold感冒have a toothache牙疼have a headache头疼 have a sore throat喉咙疼 have a flu 流感 have a stomachache 胃痛、腹痛数词（numbers）：基数词：one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixte
36、en十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十forty-two四十二hundred百one hundred and thirty-six一百三十六序数词：first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五eighth第八ninth第九twelfth第十二twentieth第二十thirtieth第三十fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十sixtieth第六十seventieth第七十 eightieth第八十nin
37、etieth第九十fifty-sixth第五十六形容词(adj.)：big大的small小的long长的tall高的short短的；矮的young年轻的old旧的；老的strong健壮的thin瘦的active积极活跃的quiet安静的nice好看的kind和蔼亲切的strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鲜的favourite最喜爱的clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的happy高兴的bored无聊的sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更强壮的old
38、er年龄更大的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy 重的new新的fat胖的happy快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的little小的lovely可爱的beautiful漂亮的colourful色彩鲜艳的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂贵的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有帮助的high高的easy简单的proud骄傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的介词
39、（prep.）：in在里on在上；在时候under在下面near在的旁边 behind在后面next to与相邻over在上方in front of在前面 between 在之间代词（pron.）：I我we我们you你；你们he他she她it它they他（她，它）们my我的our 我们的your你的；你们的his他的her她的动词（v.）：play（.ed）玩；踢swim(swam)游泳skate滑冰fly(flew)飞jump跳walk走run(ran)跑climb爬fight打架swing荡eat(ate)吃sleep(slept)睡觉like像，喜欢have(had)有；吃turn转弯b
40、uy(bought)买take(took)买；带live居住teach教go(went)去study(studied)学习learn学习sing(sang)唱歌dance跳舞row划do(did)做do homework做作业do housework做家务watch TV看电视read(read) books读书cook the meals做饭water the flowers浇花sweep(swept) the floor扫地clean the bedroom打扫卧室make(made) the bed铺床set(set) the table摆饭桌wash the clothes洗衣服do
41、the dishes洗碗碟use a computer使用计算机do morning exercises晨练；做广播操eat breakfast吃早饭eat dinner吃晚饭go to school上学have English class上英语课play sports进行体育运动get（got）up起床climb mountains爬山go shopping买东西play the piano弹钢琴visit grandparents看望（外）祖父母go hiking去远足fly kites放风筝make a snowman堆雪人plant trees种树draw(drew) pictures
42、画画cook dinner做饭read a book看书answer the phone接电话listen to music听音乐clean the room打扫房间write(wrote) a letter写信write an e-mail写电子邮件drink(drank) water喝水take pictures照相watch insects观察昆虫pick up leaves采摘树叶do an experiment做实验catch butterflies捉蝴蝶count insects数昆虫collect insects收集昆虫collect leaves收集树叶write a repo
43、rt写报告play chess下棋have a picnic举行野餐get to到达ride(rode) a bike骑自行车play the violin拉小提琴make kites制作风筝collect stamps集邮meet(met)见面welcome欢迎thank谢谢love爱work工作drink(drank)喝taste尝smell闻feed(fed)喂养shear剪milk挤奶look看guess猜help帮助pass传递show展示use使用clean打扫open打开close关上put放paint绘画tell(told)告诉kick踢bounce反弹ride(rode)骑s
44、top(stopped)停wait等find(found)寻找到drive(drove)驾驶fold折send(sent)寄wash洗shine照耀become变成feel(felt)感觉到think思考meet遇见fall落下leave(left)离开wake up醒来put on穿上take off脱掉wear穿go home回家go to bed上床睡觉play computer games玩电脑游戏play chess下棋empty the trash倒垃圾put away the clothes收拾衣服get off下车take a trip去旅行read a magazine读杂志go to the cinema去看电影go straight向前
