1、初中英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、阅读理解1根据短文内容选择正确答案。CJodies Daddy is a Garbageman （垃圾清理工） Mr. Swales wanted to find out what his students parents did. He had just called Jodie when some girls burst out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodies Daddy is a Garbageman!” Everybody in the class laughed out loud, except
2、Jodie. She felt her face turn red. “Silence!” Mr Swales said, “Being a garbagemen is a difficult and useful job. We should all be thankful to Jodies father.” Jodies father came to walk her home from school as usual, but she didnt run up to him the way she always did. When they got back home, Jodie w
3、ent to her room and cried for a long time. Her father came into her room, “What happened, Jodie? Why are you so sad?” Jodie told her father what had happened and looked at him. He didnt seem angry or hurt. “Well,” he said, “they are right. Being a garbageman is a dirty job. Tomorrows Saturday. Come
4、to work with me, Jodie.” The place really smell too good. Jodie wrinkled her nose. “Dont worry, kid. In five minutes you wont smell a thing.” said her father. Everybody there was working hard, and they seemed to have a good time. Jodies father handed her a pair of gloves and told her to get the litt
5、le plastic bags and throw them into the truck. It was fun, but also hard work. Jodies arms soom got tired. At last, no more garbage was left and Jodie felt very happy. “Garbage is disgusting, but when we clear it away, everythings nice and clean. You can make yourself happy only by making other happ
6、y. Thats why I like being a garbageman so much.” Jodie give her dirty, smeely garbageman daddy a big kiss（吻）. She said, “When I grow up, I will be a garbagegirl!” Now whenever someone asks Jodie what her daddy does, she says, “Hes a garbageman! Everybody makes garbage, but my daddy takes it away!”（1
7、）What happened in My Swales class?A.He wanted to show what job was the most useful.B.He asked an improper question.C.Jodie gave an honest answer.D.Jodie was laughed at.（2）Why did Jodies father take her to his workplace?A.To make Jodie calm downB.To prove how dirty his job was.C To help Jodie learn a
8、bout his job.C.To help Jodie learn about his job.D.To keep Jodie away from her classmates.（3）Jodie gave her father a big kiss mainly because _.A.he was kindB.he was unselfish（无私的）C.he was cheerfulD.he is hard-working（4）How does Jodie feel about her father now?A.SadB.CuriousC.Guilty（有罪的）D.Proud【答案】 （
9、1）D（2）C（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者主要讲述了一个女孩对自己爸爸从事垃圾清洁工这一工作态度和认识的转变的故事，从一开始同学的嘲笑自己感到委屈，而最后得知爸爸工作的辛苦和伟大。（1）细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二、三句He had just called Jodie when some girls burst out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodies daddy is a garbageman!可知，当同学们知道Jodie的爸爸是一名垃圾清理工时都在笑话她；故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据短文第十段爸爸的话语“Garbage is di
10、sgusting, but when we clear it away, everythings nice and clean. You can make yourself happy only by making other happy.可知，爸爸要女儿来到他工作的场所是让她体验到自己工作的光荣；故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据短文内容可知爸爸付出了自己的辛勤劳动，方便的市民的生活，其精神是大公无私的；所以女儿为爸爸自豪，而高兴地去亲吻他；故选B。（4）推理判断题。根据短文最后两段可看出女儿对爸爸工作态度的转变，她总是告诉别人他爸爸工作的光荣和以后也要当一名清洁女工来看，她是为爸爸的工作而自豪
11、的；故选D。【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。2阅读理解 Some parents are always comparing their children with themselves when they were young, or with other people when they were children. When I was your age, a father said to his sixteen-year-old son one day, I was at the top of my class ever
12、y year. And I knew what I wanted to do when I left school. I had goals. You are always at the bottom of your class, and you have no goals. The mans son said nothing. He had heard this from his father many times. And when your mother was your age, the boys father went on, she had a good job and she w
13、as earning money. You dont even have a part-time job. You earn nothing. The mans son still said nothing. He had heard this before, too. And when your older brother was your age, the boys father went on, he studied hard. You just waste your time. And the mans son still said nothing. Finally, the boys
14、 father said, And when Abraham Lincoln was your age, he worked all day and studied at night. This time the son could not stay silent. And when Abraham Lincoln was your age, Father, he said, he was the President of the United States. What are you?His father had no answer to this.（1）The father compare
15、d his son with the following people EXCEPT _. A.himselfB.the boys brotherC.Abraham LincolnD.the boys classmates（2）How did the boy probably feel? A.Happy.B.Afraid.C.Angry.D.Surprised.（3）What can we infer from the passage? A.Some parents like comparing their children with other children.B.The boys fat
16、her studied very well when he was young.C.The boy was the youngest child in his family.D.The father wanted his son to become President of the USA（4）What is the passage mainly about? A.A happy family on vacation.B.A father complaining about his son.C.A son lying to his father.D.Abraham Lincoln as a c
17、hild.【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个抱怨自己儿子的爸爸。 （1）细节题。根据When I was your age, a father said to his sixteen-year-old son one day, I was at the top of my class every year.可知爸爸把儿子和自己比较；根据And when your older brother was your age, the boys father went on, he studied hard. You just waste your time.可知爸
18、爸把儿子和男孩的哥哥比较；根据Finally, the boys father said, And when Abraham Lincoln was your age, he worked all day and studied at night.可知爸爸把儿子和 Abraham Lincoln比较，没有把儿子和同学比较，故选D。 （2）推断题。根据全文可知爸爸一直抱怨儿子，把儿子和他人比较，所以儿子是生气的，即angry，故选C。 （3）细节题。根据When I was your age, a father said to his sixteen-year-old son one day,
19、I was at the top of my class every year.可知爸爸小时候在班级里是好学生，即学习好，故选B。 （4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了一个抱怨儿子的爸爸，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3阅读理解 In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor（辅导员）at a
20、 high school camp. On the first day, when we were dancing and playing games, I noticed a boy under the tree who was small and thin. His shyness made him appear weak. I walked towards him, introduced myself and invited him to join in the activities and meet some new people. He quietly replied, No, I
21、really dont want to do this. I could understand that he was in a new world but I knew it wouldnt be right to force him either. Actually, the boy didnt need a close talk but a friend. At lunch the next day, I was leading camp songs when I saw the boy under the tree sitting alone. I tried again with t
22、he same invitation, but he refused once again. That evening I was told the boys name was Tommy. Then I asked the campers to pay special attention to the boy and spend time with him when they could. The days went by and the time came when we had to leave. We held a big, warm party to celebrate the cl
23、osing of the camp. All the campers shared their wonderful moments. To my surprise, I found the boy from under the tree dancing joyfully with two girls. I couldnt believe it was the same person. In October of my second year, I received a phone call from Tommys mother. She told me that Tommy was hit b
24、y a car and died. I offered my deep sadness. The mother said, Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months. At that moment, I realized how easy it was to give a bit of you
25、rself every day. You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I hope that everyone can pay attention to his own boy under the tree.（1）Before the writer came to the high school summer camp, he was a（n） . A.instructorB.camperC.studentD.reporter（2）How many times did the writer inv
26、ite the boy to join in the activities? A.Once.B.Twice.C.Three times.D.Many times.（3）Which is the CORRECT order about the story？ The boy danced joyfully with two girls. The boy went back to school and made new friends. The boy refused to join in the activities.The boys mother made a phone call to the
27、 writer.A.B.C.D.（4）From Paragraph 4, we can infer that Tommys mother was very to the writer. A.thankfulB.helpfulC.faithfulD.harmful【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者曾给一个男孩精神上的帮助，让大家指代每天给自己一点自信是多么容易。 （1）推理题。根据 In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an i
28、nstructor（辅导员）at a high school camp 在大学一年级和二年级之间的那个夏天，我被邀请去当一名教师（辅导员）在一个高中营地可知， 在作家来到高中夏令营之前，他是名学生，故选C。 （2）细节题。根据 invited him to join in the activities和 I tried again with the same invitation 可知， 作者邀请这个男孩参加了2次活动，故选B。 （3）细节题。根据全文描述可知最初男孩拒绝参加活动，后来男孩和两个女孩快乐地跳舞， 这个男孩回到学校，交了新朋友， 男孩的母亲给作家打了一个电话，故是C选项的排序是正
29、确的，故选C。 （4）推理题。根据 Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months 汤米多次提到你。我想让你知道，他回到学校，自信地交了新朋友。在汤米的最后几个月里，你改变了他 可知， 汤米的母亲对作家很感谢，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题
30、需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。4阅读理解 Grace Murray was born on December 9, 1906 in New York City. In 1928 she finished her education in Vassar College in Maths and Physics. Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934. In 1930, Gr
31、ace Murray married Vincent Foster Hopper. They were happy together for 15 years. She taught at Vassar College until 1943, when she joined the United States Navy（海军）to help her country during World War .Then she was given a job at the Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Harvard University, where s
32、he worked on the Mark series of computers. In 1945, she began to do research in Applied（应用）Physics at Harvards Computation Laboratory. In 1949 she joined the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation and worked with people working in it. Years later, she returned to the Navy. She retired in 1971 but conti
33、nued teaching for the computer development. Brewster Academy, a school in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, the United States, gave its computer lab to her for free in 1985, calling it the Grace Murray Hopper Centre for Computer Learning. She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro. Sh
34、e passed away in her sleep in 1992. Since her death, her workmate Elenor Briggs has been going on with her work. Grace Murray was a great woman and a leader in the computer development. Her work helped improve the use of computer languages. She practised her words Dare and Do in her lifetime.（1）How
35、many years did Grace Murray teach at Vassar? A.About 2 years.B.About 6 years.C.About 12 years.D.About 18 years.（2）Before she joined the United States Navy, what did Grace Murray do at Yale University? A.She studied Maths.B.She researched Applied Physics.C.She developed computer languages.D.She worke
36、d on the Mark series of computers.（3）Why did the school in Wolfeboro give its computer lab to Grace Murray for free? A.Because the lab was built with her help.B.Because she once spent some time there.C.Because Wolfeboro was her home town.D.Because she once taught there.（4）The underlined phrase passe
37、d away in Paragraph 3 means . A.workedB.diedC.waitedD.dreamed【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Grace Murray的一生。 （1）细节题。根据 Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University 从1931年起，她一直在瓦萨任教，She taught at Vassar College until 1943，直到1943年，可知格蕾丝默里在瓦萨教了大概12年书 ， 故选C。
38、 （2）推理题。根据 Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934. 自1931年以来，她一直在vassar教书，并继续在耶鲁大学学习，1934年在那里她在数学方面取得了很大成绩，可知在加入美国海军之前，格雷斯默里在耶鲁大学教数学 ， 故选A。 （3）推理题。根据She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfe
39、boro 她在沃尔夫博罗的一个当地家庭度过了童年的夏天 可知沃尔夫博罗的学校免费把它的计算机实验室给格雷斯默里因为她曾经在那里呆过一段时间 ， 故选B。 （4）词义猜测题。根据 Since her death自从她死后，可知 passed away是去世的意思 ， 故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。5阅读理解 The village of Hengly was going to have the Bean Olympics. It was a co
40、mpetition to see which kind of bean would grow the fastest and the tallest. Everybody was excited. They couldnt wait to show their best plants. Cassie knew clearly which bean she would choose for the competition, for her family had planted a special family bean .It was a flat bean that her great-gra
41、ndparents had brought from Sicily. Her grandmother planted the beans every year and served them at many meals. Cassie was sure they would be unbeatable beans. However, the plan did not work out that way. Although Cassies bean plants looked healthy with beautiful purple flowers, they did not grow as
42、fast or climb as high as any of her neighbours. These people chose beans from seed（种子）shops. Their beans had wonderful names like Rocket or Top Crop. One type was even named Kings Bean. That was the bean Ivan planted, and his plants climbed almost to the top of the fence. Cassies plants were just ne
43、ar the middle of the fence. On the day of the competition, Cassie was disappointed that her beans were in last place. Ivan laughed at her beans and said she could win a prize for the slowest, shortest bean. The organizer, Mr Williams, handed out medals for the fastest-growing and the tallest bean pl
44、ants. Now there remains only one final test, and it is just as important: the taste test. Mr Williams cooked the beans from each competitor and chose five experienced villagers as judges（裁判）. Cassie was nervous. Would her family beans lose another time？ After the judges tasted the beans, Mr Williams counted the results. We have a winner, Mr Williams announced. The judges all agree that Cassies beans are the winner. Cassie gr
