1、阅读理解专题阅读理解专题-推理判断题推理判断题 1.Question forms:It can be inferred from the text that .From the text we know that is most likely .When the writer talks about,what the writer really means is .The writer suggests that .The story implies that .We can infer conclude from the passage that .这类题干中通常含有infer,sugges
2、t,imply,conclude等标志性词语。2.技巧点拨技巧点拨1).全面分析全面分析 2).忠实原文忠实原文3).不要选择表层信息不要选择表层信息Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall?Did it sound like a clock?If so,it may have been made by a beetle.Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die.Thus the beetle is called the de
3、athwatch beetle.（1分钟）分钟）The sound of this beetle _.A.pleased people.B.surprised people.C.frightened people.D.excited people.3.Practice:(passage1)Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since the Ice Age;today only two exist.The wood bison is the larger of the two,a
4、nd is now found mostly in western Canada.Better known in the United States is the Plains bison,or buffalo.At one time,herds of these animals could be spotted almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mountains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West.The author implies that several types of bison
5、_.A.live outside the United Stated and Canada B.are well adapted to swampy terrain C.existed before the Ice Age D.have been killed or nearly died outP2Passage 3.（江西卷）Just as crying can be healthy,not cryingholding back tears of anger,pain or sufferingcan be bad for physical(身体的)health.Studies have s
6、hown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure,heart problems and some other illnesses.If you have a health problem,doctors will certainly not ask you to cry.But when you feel like crying,dont fight it.Its a naturaland healthyemotional response(反应).（2分钟）According to the autho
7、r,which of the following statements is true?A.Crying is the best way to get help from others.B.Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.C.We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.D.We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.说明文中作者的态度:objective neutral （中立的）；在议论文中，有：(1)positive(积极的
8、)(2)negative(3)neutral (中立的)(4)approval(5)disapproval(6)indifferent(7)sarcastic（讽刺的）(8)critical (批评的)(9)optimistic (10)pessimistic客观的消极的漠不关心的(赞成的)不赞成的乐观的悲观的1.Question forms:The writers attitude towards is_.The writer thought that_.According to the author _.2.技巧点拨技巧点拨注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子
9、动词及所举的例子，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。Passage4.Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities.Of course,there have always been people who have looked for adventure-those who have climbed the highest mountains,traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats
10、 across the greatest oceans.Now,however,there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity,which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.I would consider bungee jumping（蹦极跳）to be a good example of such an activity.You jump from a high place(perhaps a bridge or a hot air
11、balloon)200 meters above the ground with an elastic（有弹性的）rope tied to your ankles.You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground.It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping.Other activities which most people would s
12、ay as risky as bungee jumping include jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs.Why do people take part in such activities as these?Some psychologists（心理学家）suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring.Not very long ago,peoples l
13、ives were constantly in danger.They had to go out and hunt for food,diseases could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle for survival（生存）.Nowadays,according to many people,life offers little excitement.They live and work in comparatively safe conditions;they buy food in shops;and ther
14、e are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill.The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping.（5分钟）The writer of the text has a _ attitude（态度）towards dangerous sports.A.indifferent B.negative C.neutral D.nervous1.Question forms:(1)考查
15、整篇文章的写作目的A.The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.B.What is the purpose of writing this article?C.In writing the passage,the author intends to _.(2)考查某处细节的写作意图A.The writer uses the example ofto show that _.B.The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.C.are me
16、ntioned in the first paragraph to _.2.常见的写作目的归纳常见的写作目的归纳不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的,但写作目的通常有以下三种：(1)to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑）(2)to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）(3)to inform readers（告知读者某些信息）常见于常见于故事类故事类的文章。的文章。to make people laugh;to tell an interesting experience常见于常见于广告类广告类的文章。的文章。to sell a product or a
17、service;to attract more visitors/readers/audience多见于多见于科普类新闻报道类文化类或科普类新闻报道类文化类或社会类社会类的文章的文章.3.技巧点拨技巧点拨(1)根据根据文体类别文体类别推断写作目的推断写作目的(2)从从写作手法写作手法来推断写作目的来推断写作目的Passage5.“Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave?Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves
18、came over you?”asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh.“There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,”he said.（1.5分钟）The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.A.test the readers knowledge about waves B.draw the readers attention to the t
19、opic C.show Jamie Taylors importance D.invite the readers to answer themPassage6 A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa,a nearby village.They lived with the mans big family-his parents,his brothers,their wives and children.The family kept an elephant,in wh
20、ich the young woman soon took a great interest.Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.Three months later the woman went back to her parents home,having quarreled with her husband.Soon the elephant refused to eat or work.It appeared to be ill and heart-broken.One morning after several weeks the an
21、imal disappeared from the house.It went to the womans home.On seeing her,the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it.The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her husbands home.（3分钟）The writer wrote the story in order to_.A.show that elephants are very cleve
22、r B.tell how a woman trained a wild animal C.show that women care more for animals than men do D.tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife 1.Question forms:The passage is most likely to be taken from_.Where would this passage most probably appear?The passage is most likely a part of _.2.解题技巧解题技
23、巧这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处：(1)报纸(2)广告 (3)产品说明：Passage7（全国卷）Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine?Do you know what is meant by“Take only as directed?”Read the following directions and see if you understand them.To reduce pain,take two tablets(药片)with water,followed by one tablet
24、every eight hours,as required.For night-time and early morning relief(缓解疼痛)take two tablets at bedtime.Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.For children six to twelve years old,give half the amount(量).For children under six years old,ask your doctors advice.Reduce the amount if you
25、 suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.This text is most probably taken from a _.（2分钟）A.textbook B.newsreel C.doctors notebook D.bottle of medicine2.解题技巧解题技巧推测下文的内容：根据作者的思路进行推理推测上文的内容：关注第一段，特别是文段开始的几句话。1.Question forms:The next paragraph would most probably deal with _T
26、he paragraph preceding this one would most likely discuss _.Passage 8 When early humans hunted and gathered food,they were not in control of their environment.They could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did.When humans learned to make fire,however,they became capable of alter
27、ing their environment.To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees,causing the trees to die.Clearings were burned in forests to increase the growth of grass and to provide a greater grazing area for the wild animals that humans fed upon.This development led to farming and the domest
28、ication of animals.Fire also provided the means for cooking plants which had previously been inedible.Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities.（3分钟）The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about _.A.fire B.hunting C.farming D.urbanization（城市化）1.1.推断隐含意义推断隐含意义,必须吃透相关必须吃透相关文段的意思。文段的意思。2.2.推断作者的写作意图，应当推断作者的写作意图，应当关注主题句关注主题句,同时把握文章的体同时把握文章的体裁也可以推断作者的写作目的。裁也可以推断作者的写作目的。总结总结3.推断作者的观点，应当全面理解文章的内容及文章的中心思想。4.推断下文的内容，必须特别关注最后一段的内容,尤其是最后的两三句话。
