1、专题三 代词和介词1(2013课标卷)Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do _.AothersBeitherCanother Dboth解析：句意：这是二者择其一的局面我们要么今年买辆新车，要么去度假，但是不能二者兼顾。本题考查不定代词。both用于否定句表示部分否定，意为“不是两者都”。other另一些；either(两者中的)一个；another又一，再一。答案：D2(2013天津卷)At our factory there are a f
2、ew machines similar to _ described in this magazine.Athem BtheseCthose Dones解析：句意：在我们工厂有几台机器和这本杂志里描述的那些机器相似。本题考查代词。首先将题干改为：At our factory there are a few machines similar to the_machines described in this magazine.然后考虑用those替代特指的复数名词(the machines)，以避免重复。答案：C3(2013山东卷)Ive lived in New York and Chicag
3、o, but dont like _ of them very much.Aeither BanyCeach Danother解析：句意：我在纽约和芝加哥生活过，但是我对这两个城市都不太喜欢。本题考查不定代词。根据题干中的New York and Chicago可知，此处应该是考查“两者中的任何一个”，四个选项中只有either合适。答案：A4 (2013辽宁卷)To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then _ of her colleagues.Athat BoneCones Dthose解析：句意：令De
4、lla高兴的是，她先是赢得了她学生的信任，然后又赢得了同事的信任。考查代词的用法。空格处补全为the trust，是特指的不可数名词，用that指代。其余三个选项用来指代可数名词。答案：A5(2013安徽卷)This project requires close teamwork._ will be achieved unless we work well together.ANothing BAnythingCSomething DEverything解析：句意：这项工程要求紧密的团队合作，如果我们不能很好地一起工作，我们将会一事无成。本题考查不定代词。根据句意可知设空处应为表示否定的not
5、hing。答案：A6(2013课标卷)It was a real race _ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.Aover BbyCfor Dagainst解析：句意：完成这项工程真的是在与时间赛跑。幸运的是，我们成功了。本题考查介词辨析。over在上面；by被，由，经由；for支持，赞成；against反对，违背。答案：D7(2013课标卷)A serious study of physics is impossible _ some knowledge of mathematics.Aagainst BbeforeCbey
6、ond Dwithout解析：句意：没有一定的数学知识，进行严肃的物理学研究是不可能的。本题考查介词辨析。against反对，映衬，靠着；before在之前；beyond超出；without没有。答案：D8(2013辽宁卷)_ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.ABy means of BOn behalf ofCIn search of DFor fear of解析：句意：我代表这儿的每一个人，希望你们的回国旅程愉快。考查介词短语。A：依靠方法；B：代表；C：寻找；D：唯恐。B项符合句意。答案：
7、B9(2013江苏卷)I am always delighted when I receive an email from you. _ the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend. AOn account of BIn response toCIn view of DWith regard to解析：句意：我总是很高兴收到你的邮件，关于七月一日的聚会，我将乐意参加。本题考查介词短语辨析。A：因为，由于；B：对作出回应；C：由于，考虑到；D：关于。答案： D10(2013陕西卷)The manager wants to see cha
8、nges in the company, and I am sure he will _.Ain particular Bin turnCin charge Din time解析：句意：经理想看到公司的变化，我确信他迟早会看到的。考查介词短语辨析。A：尤其是，特别是；B：轮流，依次；C：负责；D：最终，迟早。D项符合句意。答案：D1(2013苏北一模)Whats _ like to live at the North Pole in winter, can you imagine?Youll have to tolerate extreme cold and the long absence
9、of sunlight.Athis BthatCone Dit解析：句意：你能想象在冬天生活在北极是什么样子的吗？你将不得不忍受极度的寒冷和长期缺少阳光。本题考查代词的用法。it作为形式主语，指代to live at the North Pole in winter。答案：D2(2013东北三校)The Xiaomi Phone 2 has functions similar to _ of Apples iPhone 5, but sells for just half the price of its competitor.Athat BoneCthose Dones解析：句意：小米二型手
10、机有与苹果iPhone 5相似的功能，但其价格只是它对手价格的一半。本题考查代词。首先将原句改为：The Xiaomi Phone 2 has functions similar to the functions of Apples iPhone 5, but sells for just half the price of its competitor. 然后考虑用those代替特指的复数名词，以避免重复。答案：C3(2013东北调研)The girl thinks she is _ of a star as she won the local beauty contest.Asomethi
11、ng BanythingCeverything Dnothing解析：句意：因为在当地的选美大赛中获胜，那个女孩认为自己差不多成明星了。something of a/an.表示“多少有点，有几分”，故选A项。答案：A4(2013济宁模拟)When you are done with the book, go out for a walk or _.Awhoever BwhereverCwhatever Dhowever解析：句意：当你完成了那本书的时候，出去散散步或做一些其他类似的事情。or whatever为习语，意为：或其他类似的事物。又如：Take any sportbasketball
12、, ice hockey, swimming or whatever.参加任一项体育运动篮球、冰球、游泳等等。or wherever意为：或其他任何地方，又如：many foreign tourists from Spain, France or wherever.来自西班牙、法国或任何别的地方的许多外国游客。答案：C5(2013郑州质检)Frankly speaking, _ of them knew what the other was doing that morning.Anone BneitherCsome Dall解析：句意：坦率地说，他们两人都不知道那天上午对方在做什么。根据题干
13、中的the other(两者中的另一方)可推知设空处表示两个人，而四个选项中只有B项指两个人且表示否定，故答案为B项。答案： B6(2013成都诊断)What are you two whispering about over there?Oh, _. Just small talk.Ano BnobodyCnone Dnothing解析：句意：你们俩在那儿嘀咕什么呢？噢，没什么，只是聊聊家常。首先排除A(不)、B(没有人)两项；none往往回答由how many/much引导的特殊疑问句。而nothing用来回答what引导的特殊疑问句。答案：D7(2013东城联考)I would like
14、 to buy a book Life of Pi, but _ was found in the bookstore.Anothing BnoneCno one Dneither解析：句意：我想买一本少年派的奇幻漂流，但是我在书店里没找到。首先排除C项no one(没有人)、D项neither(两者都不)；nothing表示泛指，常与something，anything，everything一起出现，本句题干并未出现这类词，故排除A项；none往往与名词连用，根据本句题干中的a book可知答案为B项，相当于none of the books。答案：B8(2013衡水六模)Various o
15、ptional courses being available, we can choose _ based on own interest.Aeither BeachCone Dit解析：句意：各种选修课都可以选修，我们可以根据自己的兴趣选择某一科。本题考查代词的用法。本句用one代替an optional course以避免重复。A：(两者中的)任何一个；B：两者或两者以上中的每一个，强调个体；it指上文提到的同一事物。以上三项均不合句意要求。答案：C9(2013安徽联考)The talented young engineer who was skilled at designing ai
16、rcraft died _ his new project unfinished.Aof BwithCfrom Dfor解析：句意：那位精通飞机设计的很有天赋的年轻工程师在他的新工程还没完成的情况下去世了。of表所属关系，意为：的；from从；for为了，由于。with表示伴随，在本句中与后面的his new project unfinished构成with的复合结构在句中作状语。本题易误选of成from，考生误以为本题考查die of或die from短语，如选这两项本句句意不通。答案：B10(2013石家庄质检)Though in fact he got _， there was no d
17、oubt that he had meant to offer help.Ain a way Bin the wayCon the way Dby the way解析：句意：虽然在事实上他妨碍了工作，但毫无疑问他原打算帮忙。A：在某种程度上；C：在路上，即将去(或来)；D：顺便说一声。in the way; causing inconvenience or an obstruction造成不便或阻碍。又如：I left them alone, as I felt I was in the way. 我躲开了他们，因为我觉得我妨碍他们的事。答案：B11(2013东北一模)_ his career
18、 as actor he never gave up his hope of becoming a Hollywood star.AThroughout BWithinCFor DIn解析：句意：在他整个演艺生涯中，他从未放弃成为好莱坞明星的梦想。throughout 表示时间时，意为：during all of a particular period, from the beginning to the end，强调“在的整个期间”；in和within都可表示“在(时间)内”，但不能强调自始至终，故被排除；for表示时间，后需加一段时间，如：for a year/month等。答案：A12(
19、2013济南模拟)You should study the details of the policy _ before you sign it.Ain return Bin advanceCat ease Don purpose解析：句意：在你签字前应该预先研究一下政策细节。A：作为回报；B：预先，事先；C：舒适，不拘束，稍息；D：故意地。答案：B13(2013四川调研)A diet of high fat, high protein and low fiber foods will put us _ a higher risk of becoming overweight.Aof BtoC
20、on Dat解析：句意：过多食用高脂肪、高蛋白和低纤维的食物将会提高我们超重的几率。at risk为固定短语，意为“处于危险之中”。答案：D14(2013南京二模)The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped _ the floors. People in it had no way out and were in panic.Aamong BonCbetween Din解析：句意：那栋高楼的电梯出了故障被困在了楼层之间。里面的人无法出去，处于惊恐之中。首先排除B(在上)、D(在里)两项；among指在三者或三者以上之间，不
21、合句意，故被排除。between在两者之间，本句表示“被困在两个楼层之间”，故为答案。答案：C15(2013福建质检)The doctor advised her to eat more bean products _ meat which might be harmful to her heart.Afor lack of Bby means ofCin place of Din favor of解析：句意：那位医生建议她少吃肉多吃豆制品，肉类可能对她的心脏有害。A：由于缺少；B：用方式；C：取代，代替；D：赞成，支持。答案：C1One person was killed on the sp
22、ot and three _ received minor injuries.Aones BanotherCothers Dthe others解析：考查代词。语意：现场有一人被杀，其他三人受轻伤。three others在此处表示“其他三人，另外三人”，符合语意。ones一般不用数词修饰；another和数词连用时，放在数词前面，the others也不用数词修饰。答案：C2The doors here are really _， all are made of good wood like mahogany.Asomething BanythingCnothing Deverything解
23、析：考查代词用法。语意：这儿的门真是极品，全部由红木一类的优质木材制成。something在这里表示“想来重要(或值得注意)的事物”。答案：A3Poverty has risen in Nigeria, with almost 100 million people living on less than $1 a day, _ economic growth.Adespite BbesidesCexcept Dwith解析：考查介词辨析。语意：尽管(despite)经济有所增长，尼日利亚的贫困状况仍在加剧，差不多一亿人每天仅靠不到1美元度日。答案：A4Which of the white sh
24、irts appeals to you most?_. I prefer a yellow one.ANeither BNoneCAll DBoth解析：考查代词。语意：你最喜欢哪一件白衬衫？哪一件也不喜欢。我喜欢黄色的衬衫。从“I prefer a yellow one”可以看出答话者哪件白衬衫也不喜欢，根据“most”可知，这是三者以上的比较，故选B。答案：B5According to a study, Chinese adults are getting fatter faster than _ in any other nation, only second to Mexico.Ath
25、ose BthatCones Done解析：考查代词。语意：根据一项研究，中国成年人变胖的速度仅次于墨西哥，比其他任何国家的都快。those 代指前文提到的复数名词，故选A项。答案：A6Something is out of our control, so we have to command _.Ait BitselfCus Dourselves解析：考查代词。语意：有些事情我们无法控制，因此只好控制我们自己。根据语意结合四个选项可知，应选D项，表示“我们自己”。答案：D7I have been told that the visit was cancelled.I cant believe
26、 all our preparations were for _.Asomething BnothingCeverything Danything解析：考查不定代词。语意：有人告诉我访问被取消了。我简直不能相信我们所做的一切准备工作都白费了。for nothing白白地；免费地。答案：B8Almost everyone is _ bringing down the housing prices because theyre really too high now.Ain favor of Bin charge ofCin honor of Din search of解析：考查介词短语辨析。语意
27、：几乎每个人都赞同降低房价因为它们现在确实太高了。in favor of“赞同，支持”；in charge of“照管，主管”；in honor of“为向表示敬意”；in search of“搜寻”。答案：A9We have made _ clear to the world that China is ready to work with other countries.Athat Bit Citself Dthis解析：考查代词用法。在此句型中，it为形式宾语，从句“that China is ready to work with other countries”为真正的宾语。当不定式(
28、短语)、动名词(短语)或that从句在句子中作某些动词，如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等的宾语时，常用it作形式宾语。答案：B10He suggested another approach, _， I thought, that required managers to change their behaviour and the way they spend their time.Aone Bit Cthat Dwhich解析：考查代词。语意：他建议用另一种方法，我认为是一种需要经理们改变自己的行为和支配自己时间的方式的方法。此处one
29、作another approach的同位语，相当于a/an单数名词，that引导定语从句，修饰one，起到进一步说明的作用。答案：A11It is important to know what colours look good _ your skin before you buy clothes.Afor BuponCagainst Dwith解析：考查介词。语意：在购买衣服前，了解什么样的颜色衬你的肤色很重要。此处要用介词against表示“在衬托下，以为背景”。答案：C12You should use your English _ the classroom, not just in c
30、lass, or you will forget what you know.Aat Bfrom Cbeneath Dbeyond解析：考查介词用法。语意表示在课堂之外也要使用英语，用介词beyond表示“超出”。答案：D13I have got two ideas to spend the weekend, going hiking and playing football. Which do you prefer?Well, _. You see I have been too tired throughout the whole week.Aeither BbothCneither Dn
31、one解析：考查不定代词。从答语中可知第二个人对第一个人的两个提议都不赞同，所以选neither，表示“两者都不”。either两者中任何一个；both两者都；none否定两者以上的人或物。答案：C14He achieved his goal of running a company _ intelligence and hard work.Ain terms of Bby means ofCin spite of Din favor of解析：考查介词短语。语意：他通过自己的才智和努力工作实现了经营一个公司的目标。表示“依靠方法”，用by means of。in terms of“就而言”，in spite of“尽管”，in favor of“赞同，支持”。答案：B15I will buy the tickets for all of us.I dont think so. Not _ will attend the concert next Sunday.Aanyone BsomeoneCeveryone Dnone解析：考查代词。语意：我会为我们所有人都买好票。我认为不要这样。并非每个人都会在下个星期天去听音乐会。everyone与not连用表示部分否定。答案：C
