1、高考完形填空解题技巧完形填空考点和能力要求分析完形填空考点和能力要求分析命题意图：命题意图：在语篇层面上考查常用词汇的准确、得体的应用。在语篇层面上考查常用词汇的准确、得体的应用。选材：以叙述文、说明文为主，信息量大，情节曲折。选材：以叙述文、说明文为主，信息量大，情节曲折。基本能力：基本能力：1）阅读理解能力）阅读理解能力 2）词汇运用能力）词汇运用能力完形填空的解题思路：完形填空的解题思路：1）句子理解句子理解考查单句语境中词语运用考查单句语境中词语运用 2）上下文理解上下文理解考查并列句及复合句语境中词语的运考查并列句及复合句语境中词语的运用用 3）段落理解段落理解围绕段落主旨的段落语境
2、中词语的运用围绕段落主旨的段落语境中词语的运用 4）文章中心理解文章中心理解围绕文章中心的文章整体语境中词语围绕文章中心的文章整体语境中词语运用运用高考完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，高考完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，要求考生学会在例句中把握其用法，并能在考试要求考生学会在例句中把握其用法，并能在考试中结合语境，推敲中结合语境，推敲最佳最佳答案。答案。例例1.（09浙江）浙江）The trip to city was eye-opening for everyone,and near its end,all the young people in our group began
3、to reflect on what it had meant.We _21_the first night we had arrived.21.A.put up with B.got back to C.looked back on D.made up for 一一.明确文章语境，搞清词语差异明确文章语境，搞清词语差异 例例2.At this moment,the air hostess _73_.She looked pale,but was quite _74_.73.A.showed B.presented C.exposed D.appeared74.A.well B.still C
4、.calm D.quiet 73.中四个选项都有中四个选项都有“出现、显露出现、显露”方面的意方面的意思，但自身的语义特征构成了各自思，但自身的语义特征构成了各自及物及物不及物不及物的的区别。区别。A，B，C 都是及物动词，而这里应用不及都是及物动词，而这里应用不及物动词，表示物动词，表示“不期出现不期出现”之意，所以答案为之意，所以答案为D。74.still表示表示站着不动站着不动，quiet表示表示安静，安静，不乱说不乱说，calm则表示人，则表示人，镇定、镇定、。所以，答案。所以，答案应该是应该是C。技巧小试1.（11北京）北京）There was only one way to get
5、 money,and that was to _42_ it.He would have to find a job.42.A borrow B.earn C.raise D.save2.(10上海上海)Most people believe they dont have much imagination.They are _50_.Everyone has imagination,but most of us,once we become adults,forget how to _51_ it.Creativity isnt always _52_ with great works of
6、art or ideas 50.A.wrong B.unbelievable C.reasonable D.realistic51.A.put up with B.catch up with C.make use of D.keep track of52.A.equipped B.compared C.covered D.connected3.“People are like apples.They come in all 28 colors,shapes and sizes.On the 29,some of the apples may not 30 look as delicious a
7、s the others.”28.A.ordinary B.normal C.different D.regular 29.A.outside B.whole C.table D.inside 30.A.still B.even C.only D.ever 4.People are 38 like apples!They are all different,but once you 39 the outside,theyre pretty much the same on the inside.”38.A.just B.always C.merely D.seldom 39.A.put awa
8、y B.get down C.hand out D.take off 5.Even though it was only October,my students were already whispering about Christmas plans,With each passing day everyone became more _36_wthting for the final school bell Upon its_37_everyone would run for their coats and go home,everyone except David.36.A.anxior
9、s B.courageous C.serious D.cautious37.A.warning B.ringing C.calling D.yelling二。近义词辨析1.（09重庆）People often fall ill because of me.36 ,they can hardly blame me;it is largely their own 37.37.A.business B.responsibility C.excuse D.fault2.（09广东）Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed the ways of min
10、ing,construction,and warfare as the inventor of dynamite(炸药).On April 12,1888,Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack.A major French newspaper 21 his brother for him and carried an article 22 the death of Alfred Nobel.“The merchant of death is dead,”the article read.21.A.found B.misunderstood C.
11、mistook D.judged 22.A.introducing B.announcing C.implying D.advertising 3.（辽宁）（辽宁）A young man was getting ready to gradually from college,for many months he bad 36 a beautiful sports car in a dealers showroom,and 37 his father could well 38 it,he told him that was all he wanted.36.A.expected.B.enjoy
12、ed.C.admired.D.owned 37 A.finding B.proving C.deciding D.knowing 38.A.afford.B.offer C.keep D.like 三.利用逻辑关系语.逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连句手段，主要逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连句手段，主要有：（有：（1）词（包括连词、副词和少数介词），）词（包括连词、副词和少数介词），如如and,but,or,because,though,however,yet,therefore,otherwise,despite等；（等；（2）短语，）短语，如如in other words,or rath
13、er,in addition,as a result,so that,on the contrary,instead of等；等；（3）分句和独立结构，）分句和独立结构，如如that is to say,what is more,all things considered等。等。逻辑关系语对准逻辑关系语对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都围绕它们而设。考生在解题时要充空中很多题目都围绕它们而设。考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其有密切
14、关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中逻辑手段逻辑手段并列关系并列关系转折关系转折关系因果关系因果关系解释关系解释关系顺序关系顺序关系【例】The girl became increasingly worried about this,both when_46_and in her dreams.（07全国卷I）46.A.asleep B.away C.around D.awake【例】Before leaving,I had turned the heater_48_in the roadhouse,s
15、o that when we went in,it was nice and_49_.（07湖北卷）48.A.onB.off C.inD.over 49.A.neatB.hot C.warmD.attractive【技巧小试技巧小试】(1).(09全国全国1）It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevensons imagination.36 ,recent research has found the true story of this exciting work.36.A.
16、However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Finally 7.（09重庆）People often fall ill because of me.36 ,they can hardly blame me;36.A.Therefore B.Besides C.However D.Then 3)(09湖北湖北)The class were required to criticize(评论评论)that essay,_40_the grade of everyone in class would be reduced.A.so B.and C.but D.or四四.根据生活常识
17、及文化背景根据生活常识及文化背景知识知识例例1：It was an early morning in summer.In the streets,sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly,heading towards their_ .This was the beginning of another_ day in New York City.1.A.jobs B.homes C.buses D.offices 2.A.working B.hotC.sameD.ordinary 分析：从信息词分析：从信息词“early morning”和和“sleepy-
18、eyed”来判断，来判断，B.homes不符合逻辑，按生活经验，他们是去上班。这时有些考不符合逻辑，按生活经验，他们是去上班。这时有些考生也许会认为，既然上班，就要去生也许会认为，既然上班，就要去“挤公交车挤公交车”或或“去办公室去办公室”。但上班的方式也有步行的、骑车的或坐地铁的，也有自己开车去的。但上班的方式也有步行的、骑车的或坐地铁的，也有自己开车去的。人们上班有去农场的、煤矿的，还有去工厂车间的，不一定去办公人们上班有去农场的、煤矿的，还有去工厂车间的，不一定去办公室。室。1题只有题只有A.jobs才是最合乎逻辑的选项，人们起床后，各自奔才是最合乎逻辑的选项，人们起床后，各自奔向自己的
19、工作岗位。而这向自己的工作岗位。而这 种情况是天天发生，是平平常常的，种情况是天天发生，是平平常常的，因此因此2题答案是题答案是D.ordinary例例2：（：（NMET1998）Every morning she would give him breakfast 29 bed and bring him the papers to 30 .29.A.to B.at C.in D.by 30.A.check B.read C.keep D.sign 分析：分析：29题的答案是题的答案是C，bed的前面应当用介词的前面应当用介词in。至于。至于30题，就题，就要用到相应的文化背景知识：外国人有早
20、上读报的习惯，句中要用到相应的文化背景知识：外国人有早上读报的习惯，句中papers即报纸（即报纸（newspapers）。这是理解文章细节的关键。有了）。这是理解文章细节的关键。有了这些文化背景知识，便可迅速推断出最佳选项这些文化背景知识，便可迅速推断出最佳选项B.read。因为生活。因为生活中过分溺爱孩子的母亲，让儿子中过分溺爱孩子的母亲，让儿子“在床上在床上”吃早饭，吃早饭，“读读”早报是早报是很自然的事情。很自然的事情。【例例】A young man,wet from_42_to toe,explained that he had_43_out of petrol about 30 k
21、m up the road.（07湖北卷）湖北卷）42.A.finger B.shoulder C.head D.hand 43.A.driven B.used C.come D.run【例例】Java began to enjoy one of the years greatest event:“the Night of the Full Moon”,a festival（节日）（节日）that is especially popular_44_young people.（07安徽卷）安徽卷）44.A.forB.toC.withD.in 五。注意习惯搭配五。注意习惯搭配 【技巧小试】1.He
22、 tried to_31_a telephone call,but was unable to_32_.（07浙江卷）31.A.make B.fix C.use D.pick 32.A.get on B.get up C.get through D.get in 2.He got good grades in the school,especially_43_biology and chemistry,which was a great comfort.（07重庆卷）43.A.in B.about C.Of D.for 3。(08山东)I was about to turn off my co
23、mputer_14_I received an email from Garth,my Director.A.while B.when C.where D.after完型填空训练的目的：完型填空训练的目的：两个提高两个提高 1）提高阅读理解能力；）提高阅读理解能力；2）提高词语运用能力。）提高词语运用能力。两个培养两个培养 1）培养良好的解题习惯；）培养良好的解题习惯；2）培养语言逻辑思维能力。）培养语言逻辑思维能力。两个忠告两个忠告 1）不求语言知识增长，只求解题能力提高；）不求语言知识增长，只求解题能力提高；2）不求）不求100%的理解和正确率，只求训练过程的理解和正确率，只求训练过程 和良好解题习惯的养成。和良好解题习惯的养成。The End
