1、Read and ExploreUnit 1 Man and Nature Get StartedListen and RespondOptional Classroom ActivitiesEnhance Your Language Awareness1.Do you think man lives in harmony with nature now?2.Do you think that man has been destroying nature?Could you give some examples?3.What do you think we should do to prese
2、rve nature?Work in pairs or groups and discuss the following questions.Study the following quotes about man and nature and discuss in pairs what you can learn from them.Study nature,love nature,stay close to nature.It will never fail you.Frank Lloyd Wright Interpretation:As an architect,Wright empha
3、sizes the importance of loving and studying nature.We should observe nature,take care of it and live in harmony with it.And then we will never feel disappointed with it.Click PictureLook deep into nature,and then you will understand everything better.Albert Einstein Interpretation:As a scientist,Ein
4、stein believes that a close study of nature will help us better understand things.Click PictureWe do not see nature with our eyes,but with our understandings and our hearts.William Hazlitt Interpretation:As a writer,Hazlitt urges us to love and appreciate nature heart and soul.Click PictureThe highe
5、st purpose is to have no purpose at all.This puts one in accord with nature,in her manner of operation.John Cage Interpretation:Mans ideal life is to be integrated into nature,so we should respect nature and follow its laws.Click PictureWatch the following video clip“If the world warms by 6 degrees”
6、and do the tasks that follow:click here If the world warms by 6 degrees,from a distance the may appear bright blue,but they are marine wastelands.Deserts across continents like conquering armies.become common events.Some of the worlds great cities are and abandoned.If temperatures soar by 6 degrees
7、within ,were going to face nothing less than a global wipe out.floodedvideo1.Fill in the missing words according to what you hear from the video clip._march_Natural disasters_oceans_less than a century_click here2.What do you think are other possible consequences of a warmer climate?(Open.)click her
8、emarine a.of,near,living in,or obtained from the sea（近）海的；海生（产）的 fishery n.a part of the sea used for the business of catching sea fish 近海渔场 exhaust vt.use up completely 用完，用尽 endanger vt.cause danger to 使遭危害，危及 excessive a.too much;too great;going beyond what is reasonable or right 过多的，过分的，过度的 star
9、vation n.U suffering or death from lack of food 挨饿，饥饿；饿 死 Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the information contained in the listening passage.1.What is the main idea of the passage?A)The importance of seafood supplies.B)The fish harvest in the North Atlantic.C)T
10、he decline in fish supplies in the sea.D)The importance of protecting sea resources.2.What did people in Europe and America in the 19th century think about marine resources?A)They thought that marine resources were almost exhausted.B)They thought that marine resources were seriously destroyed.C)They
11、 thought that marine resources were unlimited.D)They thought that marine resources were endangered.3.Why are the threats to fish more alarming than the threats to animals and birds?A)Because fish is a much needed food resource.B)Because plenty of fish is killed every year.C)Because fish is the only
12、diet for many people.D)Because the sea fisheries are going to be exhausted.4.How much fish is harvested in the North Atlantic every year?A)12 billion pounds.B)12 million pounds.C)20 billion pounds.D)20 million pounds.A)Natural resources will be exhausted within the next few years.B)Fish reserves wil
13、l be destroyed within the next few years because of excessive fishing.C)People in some parts of the world will face starvation because of the drought.D)Peoples demand on fish will decline in some parts of the world.5.What warning do scientists give in the passage?Listen to the recording again and fi
14、ll in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.diet Today though,there is evidence showing that marine resources are as seriously as those of the land and the air.In fact,in some ways the to fish are more alarming than the threats to animals and birds.This is because fish is a much needed
15、 food ,as people throughout the world depend on fish as an important part of their .It is reported that to food demands,20 billion pounds of fish are every year in the endangered_threats_resource_satisfy_harvested_North Atlantic alone.Sea resources are also rapidly in many other parts of the world.S
16、cientists now believe that food from the sea wont last forever.They warn that fishing will destroy fish reserves within the next few years.They also warn that the decline in fish supply will cause in some parts of the world.supplies_declining_excessive_starvation_1.Does man tend to become less depen
17、dent on nature with the rapid development of society?Why or why not?2.What does the author think about the present relationship between man and nature?3.Whats the distinct feature of modern technology according to the passage?4.Whats the solution to the ecological crisis according to the author?5.Wh
18、ats the authors attitude towards the human transformation of nature?Exercise 1:Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.Exercise 2:Text A can be divided into four parts with the paragraph number(s)of each part provided as follows.Write down the main idea of each part.P
19、artParas.Main Idea I1-2II3-4III5-7IV8-9 Man lives in the realm of nature.He is connected with nature by“blood”ties and he cannot live outside nature.As society develops,man tends to become less dependent on nature directly,while indirectly his dependence grows because it is increasingly difficult to
20、 obtain irreplaceable natural resources for the needs of production.At present Mother Nature is being exhausted in resources,contaminated by synthetic products,and troubled by ecological imbalance.The previous dynamic balance between man and nature and between nature and society as a whole has shown
21、 ominous signs of breaking down.The solution to man-nature relation lies in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care for Mother Nature by all humanity.Nature nurtures mankind unselfishly with its rich resources.Yet,man is so carried away in his transformation of nature that
22、he is unaware that it also has limitations and needs constant care.Now worn by the excessive demands of mankind,nature is unable to maintain the ecological balance needed.Humanity is faced with the problem of how to stop,or at least to moderate,the destruction of Mother Nature.1 Human beings live in
23、 the realm of nature.They are constantly surrounded by it and interact with it.Man is constantly aware of the influence of nature in the form of the air he breathes,the water he drinks,and the food he eats.We are connected with nature by“blood”ties and we cannot live outside nature.Man in the Realm
24、of Nature Alexander Spirkin2 Man is not only a dweller in nature,he also transforms it.Humanity converts natures wealth into the means of the cultural,historical life of society.Man has subdued and disciplined electricity and it to serve the interests of society.Not only has man various species of p
25、lants and animals to different climatic conditions,he has also changed the shape and climate of his environment and transformed plants and pelledtransferredregarded as something hostile to man.The forest,for example,was something wild and frightening and people tried to force it to retreat.This was
26、all done in the name of civilisation,which meant the places where man had made his home,where the earth was cultivated,where the forest had been cut down.3 As society develops,man tends to become less dependent on nature directly,while indirectly his dependence grows.Our distant ancestors lived in f
27、ear of natures destructive forces.Very often they were unable to obtain the merest daily necessities.However,despite their imperfect tools,they worked together stubbornly,collectively,and were able to attain results.Nature was also changed through interaction with man.Forests were destroyed and the
28、area of farmland increased.Nature with its elemental forces wasreplaceable resources of the biosphere has become particularly acute.It is getting more and more difficult to satisfy the needs of human beings and society even for such a substance,for example,as fresh water.The problem of eliminating i
29、ndustrial waste is also becoming increasingly complex.4 But as time goes on mankind becomes increasingly concerned with the question of where and how to obtain irreplaceable natural resources for the needs of production.Science and mans practical transforming activities have made humanity aware of t
30、he enormous geological role played by the industrial transformation of the earth.5 At present the previous dynamic balance between man and nature and between nature and society as a whole has shown ominous signs of breaking down.The problem of the so-called synthetic,glittering fabrics that are obvi
31、ously not good for them.Young people may hardly feel this,and they pay more attention to appearance than to health.But they become more aware of this harmful influence as they grow older.7 As time goes on the synthetic output of production turns into waste,and then substances that in their original
32、form were not very toxic are transformed in the cycle of natural processes into aggressive agents.Today both natural scientists and philosophers are asking themselves the question:Is mans destruction of the biosphere inevitable?6 Modern technology is distinguished by an ever increasing abundance of
33、produced and used synthetic goods.Hundreds of thousands of synthetic materials are being made.People increasingly cover their bodies from head to foot in nylon and otherto use such resources as solar energy,the power of winds,the riches of the seas and oceans and other,as yet unknown natural forces
34、of the universe.9 But to return to our theme,the bitter truth is that those human actions which violate the laws of nature,the harmony of the biosphere,threaten to bring disaster and this disaster may turn out to be universal.How apt then are the words of ancient Oriental wisdom:live closer to natur
35、e,my friends,and its laws will protect you!8 The man-nature relation the crisis of the ecological situation is a global problem.Its solution lies in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care for Mother Nature,not just by individuals,enterprises or countries,but by all humanit
36、y.One of the ways to deal with the crisis situation in the“man-nature”system is eternalIn our everyday life,we may find lots of instances of nature-unfriendly behaviour.Now work in pairs or groups and fill in the table with some such instances and then offer your suggestions or possible solutions.Sh
37、are your views with the whole class.Nature-unfriendly Behaviour Suggestions&Solutions Driving private cars is becoming fashionable.Promoting the use of public transportation.Abusive use of exhaustible resources has caused serious environmental problems.Developing inexhaustible resour-ces such as sol
38、ar energy,wind power,etc.Disposable plastic lunch boxes are over-used in restaurants.Using ones own lunch boxes.Plastic bags are excessively used for packing.Bringing ones own cloth or paper bags when shopping.Lights or water taps are often left on in pubic places.Turning off the lights or water tap
39、s after use.Potentially toxic wastes such as used batteries are thrown away at random.Setting up separate litter bins for disposal of potentially toxic wastes such as used batteries.Key Words for Text BtrackbarescrapetipmiraclepilemasssparktherebyemergetriggerconsumehollowExpressions for Text Bsweep
40、 sb.up cope with tough it out search out up to nothing short of thaw out settle in 昨夜刚刚下了一场大雪，像白桦树皮那样洁白，白雪皑皑的大地上什么也没有，只有我自己的足迹，仿佛是缝在桦树皮上的一行细密针脚。2)Please translate the sentence into Chinese.1.No tracks but my own are stitched into the dusting of fresh snow,white as birch bark,that fell during the nig
41、ht.(Para.1)Metaphor(“are stitched into”,walking in the snow is compared to the sewing of clothes)and simile(“white as birch bark”,the color of snow is compared to that of the birch bark).1)Please identify the figures of speech used in this sentence.2.The sight of flakes parachuting onto the front la
42、wn,which swept you up in December,now just means you have to scrape your car windshield.(Para.3)2)Please translate the sentence into Chinese.片片雪花飘落在房前的草坪上，要是在12月份，这景象会让你产生飘然于天地之间的感觉，而此刻，这意味着你得刮除汽车挡风玻璃上的积雪。The(very)sight of him makes me sick.1)Make a sentence with the italicized structure.3.The survi
43、val of some species seems nothing short of miraculous.(Para.9)2)Please translate the sentence into Chinese.有些物种的存活简直就是奇迹。To do that would be nothing short of suicide.1)Make a sentence with the italicized structure.4.Each track,each piece of bird song,each frozen seed,is an affirmation of life,a defi
44、ance to the cold,a promise.(Para.17)2)Please translate the sentence into Chinese.每一个足迹，每一声鸟鸣，每一粒冰冻的种子，都是对生命的一种肯定，对寒冷的一种抗争，也是一个希望。The basic structure of the sentence is“A is B”,and both“A”and“B”consist of three nominal phrases,which help the sentence nicely balanced.1)Comment on the parallel structur
45、e of the sentence.Paras.1-2What can we learn about the authors feelings from Para.1?What can we learn from the word“halfheartedly”in Para.2?What is the weather like in winter in the place where the author is settled?Para.3What does the author think of snow in winter?Para.3Para.3What did people use t
46、o think about the seasonal change from winter to spring,according to the paragraph?What can be inferred from the sentence about birds changing into other animals?What is really happening?Para.4Paras.5-7What are the two basic options open to wildlife to survive winter?How do butterflies,reindeers,and
47、 gray whales survive winter?Do all animals travel a long distance to get through the harsh winter?What is a microclimate in your opinion?Would you give an example of the existence of a microclimate in our surroundings?Para.1How do musk oxen cope with cold?How do polar bears cope with the cold?What d
48、oes the author think of the survival of chickadees?Paras.8-9Para.1How do chickadees survive winter?What does“a trick”in the last sentence in Para.12 refer to?Paras.10-12Para.1Why did the author tap the ice on top of a small creek?How do bears hibernate in winter?What is the bears belief according to
49、 the author?Paras.13-15Para.1What do you think is the main idea of the text?Paras.16-18Activity 1:The text tells us how some animals survive the cold winter.Complete the following table by listing the animals and the ways and means they have devised to cope with the cold in winter.Types of animals W
50、ays and means to cope with the cold in winter Birds of different species Migrating to warmer climates.Butterfly Migrating to warmer climates(Traveling sometimes 4,000 miles to Mexico,Texas and California).Reindeer Migrating to warmer climates(Streaming out of the high Arctic with the first frosts of
