1、Unit 4 What is life?Unit 4 What is life?Welcome&ReadingWelcome&Reading高中英语牛津译林版（高中英语牛津译林版（20202020）选修第三册）选修第三册1.Have you heard this quote before?Each man must look to himself to teach him the meaning of life.It is not something discovered:it is something molded.Antoine de Saint-ExupryLead-inLead-in2
2、.How do you understand the quote from Antoine de Saint-Exupry?The quote indicates that there is no fixed answer to the meaning of life.You should be the one who makes your life meaningful,because it is up to you to shape your life.Which of the following quotes do you like?Why?1.At twenty years of ag
3、e,the will reigns;at thirty,the wit;and at forty,the judgment.Benjamin Franklin2.Ordinary people merely think how they shall spend their time;a man of talent tries to use it.Arthur Schopenhauer3.The time of life is short;to spend that shortness basely,it would be too long.William Shakespeare4.Only a
4、 life lived for others is a life worthwhile.Albert EinsteinDiscussionDiscussionWhat do these four pictures describe?1.What different stages of life do the pictures cover?The pictures cover childhood,youth,middle age and old age.2.What is the purpose of the pictures?The pictures aim to reveal that we
5、 tend to have various interpretations of the meaning of life during different stages of life.3.Which stage of life do you like most?Why?I like the stage of being a young adult most.As a young adult,I have to be responsible for not only myself but also the ones I love.I expect to become a smart and r
6、esponsible person who can take good care of everything,even though it can be hard sometimes.However,hardship is important for a person to truly grow and improve.After all,no pain,no gain.1.What do you think life is about?ExtensionExtensionI think life is about setting a goal and trying my best to ac
7、hieve it.It can be a study goal,a career goal or a fitness goal.Setting goals helps me find out what I truly want to achieve in my life.My goals lay a path for me to follow in my life,and when I succeed,I can feel happy and fulfilled.ReadingReadingWhat have I lived forWhat have I lived for1.Do you k
8、now any people whose lifelong passions impress you?What are their passions?I have always been impressed by Zhong Nanshans lifelong passion.For years,he has been the leading specialist in respiratory diseases in China.We can see Zhongs passion for researching respiratory diseases and finding cures fo
9、r them during the outbreak of SARS in 2003.Under his guidance,an effective treatment method was discovered,which resulted in the lowest death rate and highest recovery rate for SARS in Guangdong Province.During the Covid-19 pandemic since the late 2019,Zhong was the leading advisor in managing the c
10、risis,suggesting evidence-based measures to control the disease and sharing a successful treatment plan with the international community.For decades,Zhong has also educated others and even established a“Nanshan class”to reform medical education and cultivate more medical talents.Since graduating in
11、1960,Doctor Zhongs passion for what he does is shown clearly in his commitments to educating others and helping those affected by diseases.2.What do you know about Bertrand Russell?I know that Bertrand Russell was a British philosopher and writer.He was also a mathematician who introduced the most f
12、amous of set theory paradoxes known as Russells paradox.Over the course of his long career,Russell made important contributions to a broad range of other subjects,including ethics,politics,and educational theory.I also know that Russell won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950.StructureWhat I have
13、lived forBertrand Russell:the pursuit of his passionsIntroductionBodyConclusionReadingReading1.Skim the adapted excerpt and the article to finish the table below.Para.1Para.1Paras.24Paras.24Para.5Para.5Para.1Para.1Paras.24Paras.24Para.5Para.5PassionsWhether he succeeded(in his own opinion)How he pur
14、sued themLonging for loveIt played a powerful motivating role in his life.Search for knowledgeHe achieved a little.He failed to ease human suffering and he too suffered.He spoke out against war,initiated the Russell-Einstein Manifesto and helped improve the rights of women.2.Finish A1 on Page 46.He
15、found it.He helped find modern analytic philosophy,discovered Russells paradox,and won the Nobel Prize in literature.Pity for the suffering of mankind3.Complete the Tree Map.Understanding the hearts of menPerceiving the Pythagorean powerThe whole world of loneliness,poverty and painRussells three li
16、felong passionsThe longing for loveThe longing for loveThe search for knowledgeThe search for knowledgeUnbearable pity for the Unbearable pity for the suffering of mankindsuffering of mankindRelieving lonelinessChildren in famineBringing delightVictims tortured by oppressorsA vision of a glorious wo
17、rld in the union of loveKnowing why the stars shineHelpless old people a burden to their sons4.Read the article and answer the following question.Why did Russell achieve unprecedented success?For all through his life,he was bent on pursuing his three passions.5.Scan the adapted excerpt and the artic
18、le carefully to finish A2 on Page 46.(1)Why has Russell sought love?(2)What evil does Russell long to defeat?Russell has sought love for three reasons:it brings delight,it relieves loneliness and he has seen the vision of the glorious world in the union of love.Children in famine,victims tortured by
19、 oppressors,helpless old people a burden to their sons,and the whole world of loneliness,poverty and pain.(3)What is love in Russells opinion?(4)Why was Russells paradox important?It is an unbreakable combination of delight and well-wishing.Because it led to new thinking in logic and set theory.1.Wh
20、at is the purpose of the adapted excerpt and the article?Post-readingPost-readingBesides introducing Bertrand Russells lifelong passions,the adapted excerpt and the article also aims to inspire us to follow Russells example,to find and pursue our own lifelong passions.More importantly,we need to hav
21、e a positive attitude towards life.2.Why does Russell say that love and knowledge led upward toward the heavens while pity brought him back to earth?He says this to express the joy he has received in his life from experiencing love and pursuing knowledge,which made him feel happy and fulfilled.Yet,a
22、t the same time,his love for people and his pity for the suffering of mankind made him feel miserable.This caused him to realize he could not focus on the pursuit of love and knowledge but had to come back to earth and face reality to fight for the rights of all people.Finish B1 on Page 47 and answe
23、r two questions.“As long as I live,wards are where I will work and taking care of the patients is what I will do.”These words are from Lin Qiaozhi,a(n)(1)_ Chinese doctor.She had no children of her own,but(2)_ the mother of tens of thousands of babies.During her long and distinguished career,she had
24、 delivered over 50,000 babies and is fondly remembered for her dedication to the welfare of her patients.was recognized as outstandingLin Qiaozhi(3)_ be a doctor from early childhood,when her mother died of cancer.However,an incident happened during her entrance exam administered by Peking Union Med
25、ical College(PUMC).While Lin was taking the exam,a(n)(4)_ candidate fainted,and rather than continue with her own exam,Lin helped her.This compassionate act of putting the welfare of others before her own needs showed a feature of the way Lin lived her life.longed tofellowFortunately,the college adm
26、ired her selflessness and admitted her.After graduating from PUMC with a medical degree,Lin became the first Chinese female doctor in Peking Union Medical College Hospital(PUMCH)and later its first Chinese female director.Her medical career spanned over 50 years,during which she treated tens of thou
27、sands of patients,and she was one of the(5)_ of f modern Chinese gynaecology and obstetrics.founders Apart from her devotion to her medical career,Lin Qiaozhis caring attitude towards her patients also makes her truly celebrated.She treated all her patients equally without discrimination.In wartime,
28、when PUMCH closed,Lin established a private clinic and treated poor patients at reduced fees.Believing in the importance of giving her patients(6)_ support,Lin was always ready to comfort them.She much preferred close human contact,which she thought would(7)_ the suffering of her patients.In(8)_ Lin
29、s remarkable life,the Chinese writer Bing Xin said,“She was like a flame,a magnet.She lived a rich and full life serving the people.”emotionaleasesumming up What was the lifelong passion of Lin Qiaozhi?Why does the author quote Lin Qiaozhis words and Bing Xins remark?Lin Qiaozhi sought the following
30、 passions:devotion to her medical career and dedication to the welfare of her patients.The author quotes Lin Qiaozhis words and Bing Xins remark to let the reader know what kind of person she was through her own words.In this way,Lin Qiaozhis passions are clearly revealed.Including Bing Xins remark
31、about Lin Qiaozhi in the passage lets the reader know that her passions were noticed and appreciated by others.The author thus creates a vivid picture of who Lin was as a person as well as the impact she had on those around her.AppreciationAppreciation1.What rhetorical devices does Russell use when
32、explaining his passions?What effects do they have?In the first paragraph,he uses a simile when he writes,“These passions,like great winds,have blown me in a wayward course”.The simile helps readers visualize the powerful effect his passions have had on him and the fact that they have taken him on un
33、expected paths throughout his life.He uses hyperbole or exaggeration to describe his first passion:“delight so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy”.This shows how strongly he feels about love.He uses a metaphor when he says,“that terrible lonelin
34、ess in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold lifeless abyss”.He compares the feelings of loneliness to looking into a cold lifeless abyss,which implies that loneliness is dark,cold and never-ending.Russell uses allusion,“understand the Pythagorean power by w
35、hich number holds sway above the flux”to show his passion for knowledge.From this we can see his love for mathematics and other fields of knowledge.When illustrating his pity for the suffering of mankind,he uses contrast:“Love and knowledge,so far as they were possible,led upward toward the heavens.
36、But always pity brought me back to earth.”This shows the struggle he faced in life:the joy he felt in his life and the sorrow for those who could not experience the same.2.Do you have any lifelong passions?How do you plan to pursue them?Yes,I do.From a young age I have been passionate about writing.
37、I hope one day I can become a well-known author.I received my first personal journal for my eighth birthday and since then,writing every day has been a habit for me.I am now in my last year of senior high school,and the desire of writing is still very strong.I have written short stories based on som
38、e of my life experiences.I often watch videos about how to improve my writing skills.I have also signed up for an online class given by a famous author.As I hope to turn my passion into my career,I am planning to do the necessary degree and subjects at university.3.What are the transitional sentence
39、s in the adapted excerpt?Transitional sentences in the adapted excerpt:With equal passion I have sought knowledge.Love and knowledge,so far as they were possible,led upward toward the heavens.But always pity brought me back to earth.Write about the three most important things in your life using tran
40、sition.The three most important things in my life are my relationships,my health and my purpose in life.Above everything else,my relationships are the foundation on which my life is built.I feel fortunate to have family and friends who make my life richer.In similar fashion,I hope to be the foundati
41、on for my family and friends now and in the future.No matter how strong my foundation is,without good health,I cannot live a happy life.For the most part,I have control over my health as I make sure I eat healthily and exercise regularly to minimize illnesses and reduce stress levels.In this way,goo
42、d health will help me achieve my goals and enjoy a happy life.With equal passion I have pursued my lifes purposemy future career.To live a fulfilling life,I know I must choose a career that contributes to others success and happiness in some way,such as being a doctor.Without doubt,I know my purpose
43、 should be something that impacts the world in a positive way.All in all,with strong relationships,good health and a meaningful purpose,my life would be stable,happy and fulfilled.Grammar and compositionGrammar and compositionAllusionAllusionRead the article on Page 48 and answer the following quest
44、ions.1.Who is Achilles?He is a heroic warrior in Greek mythology.In Homers epic poem The Iliad,which describes the final events of the ten-year Trojan War,Achilles is known for his pride and his desire for glory.2.What choice did he make about how to spend his life?He chose to fight the Trojans and
45、died the death of a glorious warrior,with his name living on forever.Lead-in3.Why does he still live on today?His choice about how to spend his life has led people to reflect upon the meaning of life,and the allusion“Achilles heel”has become one of the most commonly used allusions in the English lan
46、guage.Find out what“Achilles heel”means and fill in the table.AllusionSourceMeaningExploring the rulesExploring the rulesAchilles heelGreek mythologyA weak point in someones character which can be attacked by other peopleFinish“Working out the rules”on Page 48.Allusion is a figure of speech that mak
47、es a(n)_(direct/indirect)reference to a person,object or event from outside the text.Some allusions come from literature or mythological stories,like“Achilles heel”from Greek mythology.The use of allusions can add to the richness and depth of a text.indirectGo through“Grammar and composition notes”o
48、n Pages 93.Underline the allusion in each of the following sentences and explain its meaning in your own word.Applying the rules1.This novel is about a mans odyssey to trace his family history that stretches back generations.a long journey,often with adventures and difficulties2.I had been doing wel
49、l academically,but I met my Waterloo in the Maths test last week.being defeated after a long period of success3.Sam tried to save every penny he had earned and some of his friends said he was a bit of a Scrooge.a person who hates spending money4.Monica seemed to have the Midas touch:all her investme
50、nts turned out highly profitable.the ability to achieve a financial success5.Unfortunately,his greed opened a Pandoras box.something that would cause a lot of problems once it is startedFinish B2 on Page 49,and then answer the following questions.What is the meaning of life?This is a question that m
