1、1NEW HORIZON ENGLISH COURSES Book Two2Unit 8Life and Success1Around the Topic2Section A3Section B4Section C Leading in Exploring the Topic Plus Activities Warming-up Text A Exercises Background Information Reading Through Exercises Related Knowledge Sample Reading Exercises Useful TermsSection BSect
2、ion CSection AExploring the TopicPlus ActivitiesAround the TopicWhat is genius?Many tests have been created to answer this question.But a testmuch like a computercannot tell perhaps the most important quality of genius.It is a persons character.History has produced many geniuses whose characters,whi
3、le often considered to be odd,have influenced our daily life.Entrepreneurs are business geniuses.Regarded as highly successful,they enjoy the greatest respect in American and many other societies.They have some special qualities in common.Section BSection CSection ALeading inPlus ActivitiesAround th
4、e TopicDirections:In this section youll listen to someone talking about life and success.While listening,choose the best one to complete each of the following statements according to what you hear from the recording.1.Many people want to _.A.make their life successful B.make their family happy C.mak
5、e their life happy D.make their career successfulSection BSection CSection ALeading inPlus ActivitiesAround the Topic2.Is“_”NOT listed as one of the qualities of geniuses in Genius Characters?A.be curious B.be brave C.be intelligent D.be prepared to work long and hard3.Entrepreneurs are regarded as
6、highly successful and are among _ people in American and many other societies.A.the richest B.the cleverest C.the best known D.the most respected Section BSection CSection ALeading inPlus ActivitiesAround the Topic4.Entrepreneurs have two qualities in common:They have vision and they are _.A.not eas
7、y to please B.not afraid to take risks C.not likely to give up D.not respected by all Section BSection CSection ALeading inExploring the TopicAround the TopicA.Directions:You will hear a short passage.Listen carefully and answer the following questions.1.What is your understanding of genius?2.What q
8、ualities do you think many geniuses generally share?Section BSection CSection ALeading inExploring the TopicAround the TopicSuggested answer:Genius is a person of very great ability or of very high intelligence.If we take a careful look at the great human geniuses such as Thomas Edison and Albeit Ei
9、nstein,we will find they all have something special in their character.These special qualities enable them to achieve more than what they had been achieved before.Besides,their lives include many of the secrets which help people not only to have great ideas,but also to realize them.ReturnSection BSe
10、ction CSection ALeading inExploring the TopicAround the TopicReturnSuggested answer:Geniuses,though perhaps different in personalities,share some common qualities.First,they show great curiosity about the world around them throughout their lives.Second,they are always ready to work hard and overcome
11、 great difficulties.Third,they are able to come up with new ideas from what they see.Finally,they tend to use their mind to the fullest and then do even better than that.Anyway,as Thomas Edison says,“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration”Section BSection CSection ALe
12、ading inExploring the TopicAround the TopicB.Questions&AnswersHow would you describe your character?2.What kind of life do you think is a successful life?Section BSection CSection ALeading inExploring the TopicAround the TopicSuggested answer:In my opinion,there are three good qualities in my charac
13、ter.First of all,I am rather competitive,which helps me succeed in many cases.Next,I have strong self-confidence,which enables me overcome many difficulties in my life.Last,I am curious about everything,which arouses my interest in asking questions and coming up with new ideas.ReturnSection BSection
14、 CSection ALeading inExploring the TopicAround the TopicSuggested answer:When asked what kind of life is successful,people views may vary from person to person.They may list a lot of things symbolizing a successful life,such as great wealth,good health,true friendship,a nice family and son.But as fa
15、r as I am concerned,I would put great achievement in my own field at the top of the list.ReturnSection BSection CSection ALeading inExploring the TopicAround the TopicWatch the Video and BrainstormSection BSection CAround the TopicSection ASection A:Genius CharactersText AExercisesSection BSection C
16、Around the TopicSection A“The Big Bang Theory”is an American sitcom about stories happening among four genius physicists and a beautiful waitress.The theme song is interesting.Can you follow its lyrics?Text AExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection A The Theme Song of The Bing Bang TheoryO
17、ur whole universe was in a hot dense state,Then nearly fourteen billion years ago expansion started.Wait.The Earth began to cool,The autotrophs began to drool（自养生物开始繁殖自养生物开始繁殖）,Neanderthals（穴居人穴居人）developed tools,We built a wall(we built the pyramids)（金字塔金字塔）,Math,science,history,unraveling（解开解开）the
18、 mysteries,That all started with the big bang（一切从宇宙大爆一切从宇宙大爆炸开始炸开始）!Text AExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection ABackground InformationLeonardo da Vinci(14521519)Italian painter,draftsman,sculptor,architect,and engineer.His genius,perhaps more than that of any other figure,mirrored the
19、Renaissance(意大利文艺复兴时期)humanist ideal.His Last Supper(最后的晚餐)(14951497)and Mona Lisa(蒙娜丽莎)(15031506)are among the most popular and influential paintings of the Renaissance.His notebooks reveal a spirit of scientific inquiry and a mechanical inventiveness that were centuries ahead of his time.He came f
20、rom an insignificant background but rose to universal fame.He had almost too many gifts,including superlative male beauty,a splendid singing voice,magnificent physique(体格),mathematical excellence,and scientific daring.Text AExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection AHe was among the very fi
21、rst to take a scientific approach toward understanding how our world works and how we see it.He developed a unique new attitude about machines.By understanding how each separate machine part worked,he could modify them and combine them in different ways to improve existing machines or create inventi
22、ons no one had ever seen before.Also as an outstanding scientist,he had a keen eye and quick mind that led him to make important scientific discoveries,yet he never published his ideas.He was a gentle vegetarian(素食者)who loved animals and hated war,yet he worked as a military(军队)engineer to invent ad
23、vanced and deadly weapons.Text AExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection AGalileo(15641642)Italian physicist and astronomer(物理学家和天文学家).He pioneered(开创)“experimental scientific method”,not subjective(主观的)judgment.Learning of the invention of the telescope(望远镜)in Holland,he constructed a vas
24、tly superior model without any introduction.With it he made a series of profound discoveries,including the moons of the planet Jupiter(木星)and the phases of the planet Venus.He insisted on the theory proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus(哥白尼)that the Earth and all the other planets revolve around the sun.H
25、is support for the heliocentric(以太阳为中心)theory got him into trouble with the Roman Catholic Church and the Church forced him to publicly withdraw his support of Copernicus and required him to serve his term under house arrest(软禁)at his villa outside of Florence,Italy.Text AExercisesSection BSection C
26、Around the TopicSection ABill Gates The main founder of Microsoft Corporation.Born in 1951,Seattle(西雅图),Gates is the second of the three children of William and Mary Gates.Confidence and intelligence are two features that helped Gates attain his goals.Mathematics,business and computing were fields i
27、n which Gates had keen interests.At thirteen,Gates enrolled(入学)in Lakeside,a very strict private school,where he began to study computer knowledge.In 1973,he enrolled in Harvard University to study mathematics.In 1975,Gates and Allen founded the Microsoft Corporation in Albuquerque(阿尔伯克基),New Mexico
28、.In 1979,Bill Gates moved Microsoft from Albuquerque to Seattle.Aiming at producing computer software,the company expanded quickly and became the worlds biggest software company.And Bill Gates became the worlds richest person twenty-five years after his business started.Text AExercisesSection BSecti
29、on CAround the TopicSection AMicrosoft Corporation is the biggest software company in the world,with a market value of more than 100 billion dollars.Founded by Bill Gates in 1975,the company first wrote an interpreter(解释程序)with BASIC language for a computer company.Then it wrote DOS,a simplified ver
30、sion of an OS,for the successful IBM PC computer.Several years later,Microsoft developed Windows family operating system(Windows 操作系统),which was a sweeping success transforming Microsoft from a subordinate of IBM to an independent partner,and later a dominant voice.Now the companys software products
31、 cover almost everything that the computer has ever been conceived to do,from movie-making to personal finance,operating systems to application development environment,such as Windows,Office,Internet Explorer,Visual Studio,MSN and so on.Microsoft Text AExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSect
32、ion AWright brothers:Orville(18711948),and his elder brother,Wilbur(18671912),are American airplane inventors.In 1899,the Wrights built their first machine,a biplane(双翼飞机)kite,which they fitted with wings that could be mechanically twisted.They completed their first powered machine,the Kitty Hawk,in
33、 1903,and made the worlds first powered(有动力的),sustained(可稳定飞行的)and controlled airplane flight from level ground without any assistance at takeoff on the morning of December 17,1903.In 1908 they were able to conclude an agreement for production of the Wright airplane for the US Army.Wilbur made the f
34、irst public flight on August 8,1908 in France.Orville and Wilbur WrightText AExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection AAmerican scientist and inventor,patented(获得专利)1,093 inventions in his lifetime.The most famous of his inventions was the electric lighting.When he was born,society still t
35、hought of electricity as a novelty(新生事物).By the time he died,entire cities were lit by electricity.Much of the credit for that progress goes to him.Besides the light bulb,he also invented the phonograph(留声机)and made improvements to the telegraph,telephone and motion picture technology.He also founde
36、d the first modern research laboratory.He believed in hard work,and was often quoted as saying,“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”To remember this important American,electric lights in the United States were dimmed for one minute on October 21,1931,a few days af
37、ter his death.Thomas Edison(18471931)Text AExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection AMozart(17561791)Austrian musical composer(作曲家),also one of the premier musical composers known to mankind.He showed musical gifts at a very early age,and began to compose when he was five.Throughout his li
38、fetime,he produced twenty-two operas,forty-one symphonies,forty-two concertos(协奏曲),hundreds of sonatas(奏鸣曲),serenades(小夜曲),and religious songs,etc.A few of his famous operas are:The Marriage of Figaro(费加罗的婚礼),Don Giovanni(唐璜),Cosi fan tutte(女人心),and The Magic Flute(魔笛).Text AExercisesSection BSectio
39、n CAround the TopicSection AAlbert Einstein(18791955)German-American theoretical physicist,known for the formulation of the relativity theory(相对论).His important works include Special Theory of Relativity(狭义相对论)(1905),Relativity(相对论)(English translations,1920 and 1950),General Theory of Relativity(广义
40、相对论)(1916),Investigations on Theory of Brownian Movement(布朗运动理论研究)(1926),and The Evolution of Physics(物理学的进化)(1937).Among his non-scientific works,About Zionism(犹太复国主义)(1930),My Philosophy(我的世界观)(1934),and Out of My Later Years(晚年集)(1950)are perhaps the most important.His works radically changed the
41、 way we think about the world.He is recognized as one of the greatest physicists of all time.He was also the Nobel Prize winner in physics(诺贝尔物理学奖)in 1921.Text AExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection ASophocles(496 BC406 BC)Greek tragic dramatist,philosopher,and politician(悲剧作家、哲学家及政治家).
42、Sophocles wrote 123 dramas in his lifetime.As a man of wealth,charm and genius,he was given posts of responsibility both in peace and in war times by the Athenians(雅典人).He was a general and a priest.After his death he was worshiped(崇拜)as a hero.Text AExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSectio
43、n AItalyThe country is situated in south Europe,and borders on France in the northwest.It includes the large Mediterranean(地中海的)islands and several small islands.Vatican(梵蒂冈)City and San Marino(圣马力诺)are two independent enclaves(在本国境内隶属另一国的一块领地)on the Italian mainland.Rome(罗马)is its capital and large
44、st city.Warming-upExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection AGenius CharactersEven the most powerful computer in the world cant be a genius because it has no character.It can remember and calculate quickly and accurately,and handle great amounts of informationbut it cant think about the inf
45、ormation like we can.It has no feelings,no opinions,no moments of madness.Para.1天才的性格即使是世界上功能最强大的计算机也不可能是天才，因为它没有性格。它虽然能快速准确地记忆、运算和处理大量的信息，但却不能和我们人类一样思考这些信息。它没有感情，没有思想，也没有疯狂的时刻。Warming-upExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection APara.2Study the great human geniuses and youll see that they
46、all have special parts to their character,qualities that allow them to go beyond everything previously achieved.Their lives hold many of the secrets to having great ideas and putting them into practice.To be a genius you need to:仔细研究一下伟大的天才们，你会发现他们的性格中都包含某些特别的品质。这些特别的品质促使他们能够超越以往所取得的一切成就。他们的生命中包含很多能
47、够产生伟大思想并付诸实践的秘密。要成为天才，你必须：Warming-upExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection APara.3-4Have fun.Leonardo da Vinci was well known for his jokes and funny stories.Galileo had a busy social life and was another great joker.Bill Gates,the worlds richest man,and the genius behind Microsoft,has b
48、een described as“a big teenager”.He once said that one of his favorite hobbies was playing with earthmoving equipment on building sites!要寻找乐趣。列奥纳多达芬奇就以擅讲笑话趣事而出名。伽利略社交生活繁忙，言谈也很诙谐。微软背后的天才比尔盖茨作为世界首富一直被称为“大男孩”。他曾说自己最大的爱好之一就是在建筑工地上玩推土机。Warming-upExercisesSection BSection CAround the TopicSection APara.5-
49、6Be curious.Geniuses spend their lives asking questions about the world around them.Leonardo da Vinci filled many notebooks with his questions that he wanted to answer.Here is one passage from his notebook:要有好奇心。天才们一生都在对自己周围的事物提出疑问。列奥纳多达芬奇在许多笔记本里写满了他想回答的问题。以下这一段是从他笔记本里摘录下来的：Warming-upExercisesSectio
50、n BSection CAround the TopicSection APara.7“I wandered about the countryside searching for answers to things I did not understand:why shells existed on the tops of mountains.why thunder lasts longer than that which causes it.how the various circles of water form around the spot that has been struck
