1、小学英语总复习语法一、学生易错词汇1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a.2 am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.3 have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any. 6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么） who （谁
2、) where （哪里) whose（谁的) why（为什么）when（什么时候）which（哪一个）how old (多大) how many （多少）how much（多少钱）二、形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：什么+动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：Im taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，
3、它的变化规则是：一般的直接在词尾加er，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的，直接加r，如 fine finer ,以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier双写最后的字母再加er，如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：My hair is longer than yours
4、. 或My hair is longer than your hair.比较级专项练习1、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子heavy tall long big（1）How is the Yellow River?（2）How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm.（3）How are your feet? I wear size 18.（4）How the fish? Its 2kg.2、根据句意写出所缺的单词（1）Im 12 years old. Youre 14. Im than you.（2）A rabbits tail is than a monkeys tail.（3）An
5、elephant is than a pig.（4）A lake is than a sea.（5）A basketball is than a football.3、根据中文完成句子（1）我比我的弟弟大三岁 Im than my brother.（2）这棵树要比那棵树高 This tree than that one.（3）你比他矮四厘米 You are than he.（4）谁比你重? than you？4、根据答句写出问句（1） ？ Im 160 cm.（2） ？ Im 12 years old.（3） ？ Amys hair is 30 cm long.三、动词过去式详解动词的过去式的
6、构成规则有：、规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加ed如worked , learned , cleaned , visited以e结尾的动词直接加d如lived , danced , used以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如study studied carry carried worry worried （play、stay）双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如stopped 、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing sang, eatate, seesaw, havehad, dodid, gowent, taketook,
7、 buybought, getgot, readread ,flyflew, am/iswas,are were, saysaid, leaveleft, swimswam, telltold, drawdrew, comecame, loselost, find found, drink drank, hurt hurt, feelfelt四、动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则：一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing 双写最后一个字母
8、的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting五、人称和数人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too.We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me. Lets go (lets =let us)二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做
9、物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词而名词性物主代词则相单于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Is this your book?No,，it isnt， its he
10、rs(her book)This pen is mine.六、句型专项归类1、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. He will eat lunch at 12:00.There are four fans in our classroom. I watched TV yesterday evening. 2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.He does not (doesn
11、t) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening. 3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. Does he wor
12、k in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent. Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).Are they sw
13、imming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：What is this? Its a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going
14、 to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.Which season do you like best? Summer.When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this? Its Amys.Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.How are you? Im fine. / Im happy.How did you go to Xinjia
15、ng? I went to Xinjiang by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量）, how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.How many desks are there in your classroom?
16、 There are 51.小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少？How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少？How many + 名词复数 + are there? 有多少？七、完全、缩略形式: Im=I am hes=he is shes=she is theyre=they are youre=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not dont=do not doesnt=does not
17、 isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=I will wasnt=was not总结：通常情况下，m即am，s即is（但 lets=let us）， re即are，nt即not（但cant=can not）八、与字母相关的题型 ( 注：五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu )1、写出下列字母的左邻右舍。1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( )2、用小写字母抄写下列单词。1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( )3、将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来1. a c e 2. i e o 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E4、写出与所给单词发音相同的字母（大小写）。1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you ( )
