1、00015 英语（二）2022 年 10 月真题1、【单选题】、【单选题】LackingLacking inin Self-Esteem(Self-Esteem(自尊自尊)？GoodGood forfor you!you!AccordingAccording totopsychologicalpsychological andand educationaleducational theories,self-esteemtheories,self-esteem isis essentialforessentialfor a a successfulsuccessfullife.life.Gene
2、rationsGenerations ofof children,especiallychildren,especially minorityminority kids,havebeenkids,havebeen educatededucatedaccordingaccording toto thethe theorytheory(that(that theythey lacklack self-esteem),andself-esteem),and thatthisthatthis deficiencydeficiency isiscentralcentral toto anyany pro
3、blemsproblems(they(they maymay havehave inin makingmaking theirtheir wayinwayin thethe world).world).Well,guessWell,guess what?what?A A newnew researchresearch hashas foundfound thatthat self-esteemself-esteem cancan bebe justjust asashighamonghighamong gradegrade D D studentsstudents andand drunkdr
4、unk driversdrivers asas itit isis amongamong NobelNobel PrizePrizewinnersandwinnersand formerformer presidents.Inpresidents.In fact,peoplefact,people withwith highhigh self-esteemself-esteem cancan engageengagein,farmorein,farmore anti-socialanti-social behaviorbehavior thanthan thosethose withwith
5、lowlow self-esteem.self-esteem.“WeWe usedused totobelievebelieve thatthat highhigh self-esteemself-esteem wouldwould causecause allall sortssorts ofof positiveconsequencespositiveconsequences andandthatthat ifif wewe raisedraised self-esteem,peopleself-esteem,people wouldwould dodo betterbetter inli
6、fe,inlife,”a a researcherresearchersaid.said.“Mostly,theMostly,the datadata havehave failedfailed toto supportthat.Racists,streetsupportthat.Racists,street thugsthugs andandschoolschool bulliesbullies allall havehave highhigh scoresscores onon theself-esteemtheself-esteem tests.Andtests.And youyou c
7、ancan seeseewhy.Ifwhy.If youyou thinkthink youreyoure highlyhighly gifted,youreparticularlygifted,youreparticularly offendedoffended ifif otherother peoplepeopledontdont treattreat youyou thatthat way.Soway.So youyou hithit outoroutor commitcommit crimescrimes toto defenddefend youryourpride.Afterpr
8、ide.After all,whoall,who areare theythey toto suggestsuggest thatyouthatyou couldcould bebe doingdoing somethingsomethingwrong?Whatwrong?What dodo theythey know?know?Self-esteemSelf-esteem cancan alsoalso bebe anan educationaleducationalconcern.Collegeconcern.College teachersteachers areare constant
9、lycomplainingconstantlycomplaining aboutabout thethe highhigh self-esteemself-esteem ofoftheirtheir students.students.WhenWhen everyevery gradegrade inin thethe schoolschool isis assessedassessed soso asas to,maketo,make thethekidkid feelfeel goodrathergoodrather thanthan toto givegive anan accurate
10、accurate measuremeasure ofof hishis work,thework,the kidkid cancandevelopdevelop self-esteemself-esteem dangerouslydangerously unrelatedunrelated toto thethe truth.Whentruth.When heshes toldtold hehe isisgettinggetting a a CgradeCgrade inin college,hecollege,he cancan thenthen getget deeplydeeply of
11、fendedoffended oror extremelyextremelyangry.Weakprofessorsangry.Weakprofessors givegive inin toto thethe pressure-hence,gradepressure-hence,grade inflation,whichinflation,which resultsresultsintheirintheir studentsvaguestudentsvague touchtouch withwith reality.reality.ItIt isis believedbelieved that
12、that minorityminority kidskidsoftenoften havehave self-esteemself-esteem problem.problem.A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given答案：A解析：根据文章第一段“Generations of children,especially minority kids,havebeen educatedaccording to the theory(that they lack self-esteem),and thatthis deficiencyis central to any problems.”可知人
13、们认为一代又一代的孩子，尤其是少数民族的孩子，缺乏自尊心。因此题干说法正确，答案选 A。2、【单选题】、【单选题】LackingLacking inin Self-Esteem(Self-Esteem(自尊自尊)？GoodGood forfor you!you!AccordingAccording totopsychologicalpsychological andand educationaleducational theories,self-esteemtheories,self-esteem isis essentialforessentialfor a a successfulsucc
14、essfullife.life.GenerationsGenerations ofof children,especiallychildren,especially minorityminority kids,havebeenkids,havebeen educatededucatedaccordingaccording toto thethe theorytheory(that(that theythey lacklack self-esteem),andself-esteem),and thatthisthatthis deficiencydeficiency isiscentralcen
15、tral toto anyany problemsproblems(they(they maymay havehave inin makingmaking theirtheir wayinwayin thethe world).world).Well,guessWell,guess what?what?A A newnew researchresearch hashas foundfound thatthat self-esteemself-esteem cancan bebe justjust asashighamonghighamong gradegrade D D studentsstu
16、dents andand drunkdrunk driversdrivers asas itit isis amongamong NobelNobel PrizePrizewinnersandwinnersand formerformer presidents.Inpresidents.In fact,peoplefact,people withwith highhigh self-esteemself-esteem cancan engageengagein,farmorein,farmore anti-socialanti-social behaviorbehavior thanthan
17、thosethose withwith lowlow self-esteem.self-esteem.“WeWe usedused totobelievebelieve thatthat highhigh self-esteemself-esteem wouldwould causecause allall sortssorts ofof positiveconsequencespositiveconsequences andandthatthat ifif wewe raisedraised self-esteem,peopleself-esteem,people wouldwould do
18、do betterbetter inlife,inlife,”a a researcherresearchersaid.said.“Mostly,theMostly,the datadata havehave failedfailed toto supportthat.Racists,streetsupportthat.Racists,street thugsthugs andandschoolschool bulliesbullies allall havehave highhigh scoresscores onon theself-esteemtheself-esteem tests.A
19、ndtests.And youyou cancan seeseewhy.Ifwhy.If youyou thinkthink youreyoure highlyhighly gifted,youreparticularlygifted,youreparticularly offendedoffended ifif otherother peoplepeopledontdont treattreat youyou thatthat way.Soway.So youyou hithit outoroutor commitcommit crimescrimes toto defenddefend y
20、ouryourpride.Afterpride.After all,whoall,who areare theythey toto suggestsuggest thatyouthatyou couldcould bebe doingdoing somethingsomethingwrong?Whatwrong?What dodo theythey know?know?Self-esteemSelf-esteem cancan alsoalso bebe anan educationaleducationalconcern.Collegeconcern.College teachersteac
21、hers areare constantlycomplainingconstantlycomplaining aboutabout thethe highhigh self-esteemself-esteem ofoftheirtheir students.students.WhenWhen everyevery gradegrade inin thethe schoolschool isis assessedassessed soso asas to,maketo,make thethekidkid feelfeel goodrathergoodrather thanthan toto gi
22、vegive anan accurateaccurate measuremeasure ofof hishis work,thework,the kidkid cancandevelopdevelop self-esteemself-esteem dangerouslydangerously unrelatedunrelated toto thethe truth.Whentruth.When heshes toldtold hehe isisgettinggetting a a CgradeCgrade inin college,hecollege,he cancan thenthen ge
23、tget deeplydeeply offendedoffended oror extremelyextremelyangry.Weakprofessorsangry.Weakprofessors givegive inin toto thethe pressure-hence,gradepressure-hence,grade inflation,whichinflation,which resultsresultsintheirintheir studentsvaguestudentsvague touchtouch withwith reality.reality.A A newnew
24、researchresearch showsshows thatthat highhighself-esteemself-esteem isis essentialessential toto success.success.A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given答案：B解析：根据文章第二段“A new research has found that self-esteem can be just ashigh amonggrade D students and drunk drivers as it is among Nobel Prizewinners andformer pre
25、sidents.”可知新的研究表明并不是自尊高的人成就比较大。因此题干说法错误，答案选 B。3、【单选题】、【单选题】LackingLacking inin Self-Esteem(Self-Esteem(自尊自尊)？GoodGood forfor you!you!AccordingAccording totopsychologicalpsychological andand educationaleducational theories,self-esteemtheories,self-esteem isis essentialforessentialfor a a successfulsu
26、ccessfullife.life.GenerationsGenerations ofof children,especiallychildren,especially minorityminority kids,havebeenkids,havebeen educatededucatedaccordingaccording toto thethe theorytheory(that(that theythey lacklack self-esteem),andself-esteem),and thatthisthatthis deficiencydeficiency isiscentralc
27、entral toto anyany problemsproblems(they(they maymay havehave inin makingmaking theirtheir wayinwayin thethe world).world).Well,guessWell,guess what?what?A A newnew researchresearch hashas foundfound thatthat self-esteemself-esteem cancan bebe justjust asashighamonghighamong gradegrade D D studentss
28、tudents andand drunkdrunk driversdrivers asas itit isis amongamong NobelNobel PrizePrizewinnersandwinnersand formerformer presidents.Inpresidents.In fact,peoplefact,people withwith highhigh self-esteemself-esteem cancan engageengagein,farmorein,farmore anti-socialanti-social behaviorbehavior thantha
29、n thosethose withwith lowlow self-esteem.self-esteem.“WeWe usedused totobelievebelieve thatthat highhigh self-esteemself-esteem wouldwould causecause allall sortssorts ofof positiveconsequencespositiveconsequences andandthatthat ifif wewe raisedraised self-esteem,peopleself-esteem,people wouldwould
30、dodo betterbetter inlife,inlife,”a a researcherresearchersaid.said.“Mostly,theMostly,the datadata havehave failedfailed toto supportthat.Racists,streetsupportthat.Racists,street thugsthugs andandschoolschool bulliesbullies allall havehave highhigh scoresscores onon theself-esteemtheself-esteem tests
31、.Andtests.And youyou cancan seeseewhy.Ifwhy.If youyou thinkthink youreyoure highlyhighly gifted,youreparticularlygifted,youreparticularly offendedoffended ifif otherother peoplepeopledontdont treattreat youyou thatthat way.Soway.So youyou hithit outoroutor commitcommit crimescrimes toto defenddefend
32、 youryourpride.Afterpride.After all,whoall,who areare theythey toto suggestsuggest thatyouthatyou couldcould bebe doingdoing somethingsomethingwrong?Whatwrong?What dodo theythey know?know?Self-esteemSelf-esteem cancan alsoalso bebe anan educationaleducationalconcern.Collegeconcern.College teacherste
33、achers areare constantlycomplainingconstantlycomplaining aboutabout thethe highhigh self-esteemself-esteem ofoftheirtheir students.students.WhenWhen everyevery gradegrade inin thethe schoolschool isis assessedassessed soso asas to,maketo,make thethekidkid feelfeel goodrathergoodrather thanthan toto
34、givegive anan accurateaccurate measuremeasure ofof hishis work,thework,the kidkid cancandevelopdevelop self-esteemself-esteem dangerouslydangerously unrelatedunrelated toto thethe truth.Whentruth.When heshes toldtold hehe isisgettinggetting a a CgradeCgrade inin college,hecollege,he cancan thenthen
35、getget deeplydeeply offendedoffended oror extremelyextremelyangry.Weakprofessorsangry.Weakprofessors givegive inin toto thethe pressure-hence,gradepressure-hence,grade inflation,whichinflation,which resultsresultsintheirintheir studentsvaguestudentsvague touchtouch withwith reality.reality.ParentsPa
36、rents areare responsibleresponsible forfor theirtheirchildrenschildrens self-esteem.self-esteem.A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given答案：C解析：全文未提及父母，因此答案选 C。4、【单选题】、【单选题】LackingLacking inin Self-Esteem(Self-Esteem(自尊自尊)？GoodGood forfor you!you!AccordingAccording totopsychologicalpsychological andand educationaled
37、ucational theories,self-esteemtheories,self-esteem isis essentialforessentialfor a a successfulsuccessfullife.life.GenerationsGenerations ofof children,especiallychildren,especially minorityminority kids,havebeenkids,havebeen educatededucatedaccordingaccording toto thethe theorytheory(that(that they
38、they lacklack self-esteem),andself-esteem),and thatthisthatthis deficiencydeficiency isiscentralcentral toto anyany problemsproblems(they(they maymay havehave inin makingmaking theirtheir wayinwayin thethe world).world).Well,guessWell,guess what?what?A A newnew researchresearch hashas foundfound tha
39、tthat self-esteemself-esteem cancan bebe justjust asashighamonghighamong gradegrade D D studentsstudents andand drunkdrunk driversdrivers asas itit isis amongamong NobelNobel PrizePrizewinnersandwinnersand formerformer presidents.Inpresidents.In fact,peoplefact,people withwith highhigh self-esteemse
40、lf-esteem cancan engageengagein,farmorein,farmore anti-socialanti-social behaviorbehavior thanthan thosethose withwith lowlow self-esteem.self-esteem.“WeWe usedused totobelievebelieve thatthat highhigh self-esteemself-esteem wouldwould causecause allall sortssorts ofof positiveconsequencespositiveco
41、nsequences andandthatthat ifif wewe raisedraised self-esteem,peopleself-esteem,people wouldwould dodo betterbetter inlife,inlife,”a a researcherresearchersaid.said.“Mostly,theMostly,the datadata havehave failedfailed toto supportthat.Racists,streetsupportthat.Racists,street thugsthugs andandschoolsc
42、hool bulliesbullies allall havehave highhigh scoresscores onon theself-esteemtheself-esteem tests.Andtests.And youyou cancan seeseewhy.Ifwhy.If youyou thinkthink youreyoure highlyhighly gifted,youreparticularlygifted,youreparticularly offendedoffended ifif otherother peoplepeopledontdont treattreat
43、youyou thatthat way.Soway.So youyou hithit outoroutor commitcommit crimescrimes toto defenddefend youryourpride.Afterpride.After all,whoall,who areare theythey toto suggestsuggest thatyouthatyou couldcould bebe doingdoing somethingsomethingwrong?Whatwrong?What dodo theythey know?know?Self-esteemSelf
44、-esteem cancan alsoalso bebe anan educationaleducationalconcern.Collegeconcern.College teachersteachers areare constantlycomplainingconstantlycomplaining aboutabout thethe highhigh self-esteemself-esteem ofoftheirtheir students.students.WhenWhen everyevery gradegrade inin thethe schoolschool isis as
45、sessedassessed soso asas to,maketo,make thethekidkid feelfeel goodrathergoodrather thanthan toto givegive anan accurateaccurate measuremeasure ofof hishis work,thework,the kidkid cancandevelopdevelop self-esteemself-esteem dangerouslydangerously unrelatedunrelated toto thethe truth.Whentruth.When he
46、shes toldtold hehe isisgettinggetting a a CgradeCgrade inin college,hecollege,he cancan thenthen getget deeplydeeply offendedoffended oror extremelyextremelyangry.Weakprofessorsangry.Weakprofessors givegive inin toto thethe pressure-hence,gradepressure-hence,grade inflation,whichinflation,which resu
47、ltsresultsintheirintheir studentsvaguestudentsvague touchtouch withwith reality.reality.Anti-socialAnti-social behaviorbehavior isis relatedrelated totolowlow self-esteem.self-esteem.A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given答案：B解析：根据文章第二段“In fact,people with high self-esteem can engage in,farmore anti-social behavio
48、r than those with low self-esteem.”可知高自尊的人会比低自尊的人做出更多的反社会行为。因此题干说法错误，答案选 B。5、【单选题】、【单选题】LackingLacking inin Self-Esteem(Self-Esteem(自尊自尊)？GoodGood forfor you!you!AccordingAccording totopsychologicalpsychological andand educationaleducational theories,self-esteemtheories,self-esteem isis essentialfor
49、essentialfor a a successfulsuccessfullife.life.GenerationsGenerations ofof children,especiallychildren,especially minorityminority kids,havebeenkids,havebeen educatededucatedaccordingaccording toto thethe theorytheory(that(that theythey lacklack self-esteem),andself-esteem),and thatthisthatthis defi
50、ciencydeficiency isiscentralcentral toto anyany problemsproblems(they(they maymay havehave inin makingmaking theirtheir wayinwayin thethe world).world).Well,guessWell,guess what?what?A A newnew researchresearch hashas foundfound thatthat self-esteemself-esteem cancan bebe justjust asashighamonghigha
