1、UnitUnit 2 2OutOut ofof thisthis worldworldReadingReadingLanguage pointsLiving in space is every would-be astronauts dream.My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end,and it has been a challenging but magical adventure.l bet youd love to know what daily life is like up in space and how i
2、t differs from that on the Earththe low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange!1.My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end,and it has been a challenging but magical adventure.(L1)我在空间站的六个月的生活即将结束，这是一次充满挑战但又充我在空间站的六个月的生活即将结束，这是一次充满挑战但又充满魔力的冒险。满魔力的冒险。come to an end结束结束 How time
3、 flies!Our semester has come to an end.时间过得真快，一个学期的时光就这样结束了。I bet(that)were too late.我敢肯定我们太晚了。Ill bet you(that)he knows all about it.我敢说他了解一切。2.I bet youd love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth.(L3)我敢说你很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样子的，以及我敢说你很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样子的，以
4、及它与地球上的生活有什么不同它与地球上的生活有什么不同 I bet 我敢说；我敢肯定我敢说；我敢肯定 French differs from English in this respect.在这方面法语不同于英语。=French is _ from English in this respect.=There is _ between French and English in this respect.differentdifference.differ from 相异；有区别；不同于相异；有区别；不同于The strangeness of living in space is appare
5、nt from the moment we sleep.Due to the near absence of gravity in space,we have to attach ourselves so that we dont float around.We usually sleep in private quarters,which are more like large upboards,or in sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling.Para.2due to the near absence of gravity i
6、n space 由于太空几乎没有重力由于太空几乎没有重力absence n.缺乏；缺席缺乏；缺席absent adj.缺席的缺席的absent-minded adj.心不在焉的心不在焉的be absent from 缺席缺席in the absence of.因缺乏因缺乏.in/during ones absence在某人不在时在某人不在时absence from class/school In the absence of in my absence完成句子完成句子(1)老师已经把鲍勃经常缺课的情况告知了他的父母。老师已经把鲍勃经常缺课的情况告知了他的父母。The teacher has i
7、nformed Bobs parents of his frequent_.(2)缺乏责任感，什么工作也完不成。缺乏责任感，什么工作也完不成。_responsibility，no work can be accomplished(3)我不在时许多工作都堆到了一块儿，因此今天我只好加班了。我不在时许多工作都堆到了一块儿，因此今天我只好加班了。Much work piled up_，so I will have to work extra hours today那些上课心不在焉的人很快就会在学科学习上落下。那些上课心不在焉的人很快就会在学科学习上落下。He was _(专心致志专心致志)in hi
8、s book,making him _(缺席缺席)the meeting.To tell the truth,I seldom see his _(缺席缺席).Those who are absent-minded in class will be left behind in academic study very soon.absorbedabsent fromabsenceDue to the near absence of gravity in space,we have to attach ourselves so that we dont float around.attach v
9、.attach v.附加，附着 ;vt.喜欢、依恋、固定_ n.附件 她的父母都认为教育很重要她的父母都认为教育很重要。In Britain,packets of cigarettes come with a government health warning _ them.A.attach to B.attaching to C.attached to D.to attach toHer parents both attach great importance to education.C attachmentIts strange that we try to sleep with no
10、pressure against our back,but the unusual beds dont bother us any more.After about eight hours of sleep,we start our day of work.1.Its strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back,but the unusual beds dont bother us any more.(L8)形式主语形式主语主语从句主语从句真正主语真正主语试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们试着背部没有压力入睡是
11、奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。2.but the unusual beds dont bother us any more.（L10）bother vt使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力做某事；打扰使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力做某事；打扰 vi.花费时间精力做某事花费时间精力做某事 n.麻烦，困难麻烦，困难 bother sb.with sth.使使烦恼烦恼 bother to do sth.费心费心/费时做费时做 完成句子完成句子(1)今天不要麻烦为我准备晚饭了，我要在外边吃。Youdont_dinnerformetoday，Illeatout(2)他总来缠
12、着我，向我借钱，这使我很生气。Heisalways_lendhimmoney，whichmakesmeupset(3)那个淘气的男孩向我提了一大堆奇怪的问题，真烦人。Thenaughtyboy_agreatmanystrangequestionsbother to getbothering me tobothered me withThe routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding,but they can also be extremely rewarding.Our main mission is to conduct s
13、cientific research.We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants.Creatures such as mice,fish and mosquitoes have also been sent to the station!4.The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding,but they can also be extremely rewarding.(L11)译文：占用了一天里大部分时间的日常工作要求很高，但是
14、也会译文：占用了一天里大部分时间的日常工作要求很高，但是也会 非常有意义。非常有意义。引导定语从句引导定语从句they指代指代 the routine tasksoccupy v.占用占用;居住居住;占领；使忙于占领；使忙于occupied adj.已占用的已占用的;无空闲的无空闲的occupation n.职业职业;占用占用;占领占领occupy sb.with sth 某人忙于某人忙于 in doing sth.(做做)某事某事 be occupied with sth.忙于忙于(做做)某事某事 (in)doing sth1.Susan occupied _ with work so th
15、at she could escape from the past.2.Tom has been occupied _ preparing for speech competition.3.Many men still occupy more positions of power _women.4.I am afraid you wont be able to see the doctor for he is _(full)occupied with appointments this afternoon.inthanherselffullyoccupation,profession,care
16、er,joboccupation 泛指任何一种工作，常用于正式文件。泛指任何一种工作，常用于正式文件。profession 需要特别教育和训练的职业，如医生、需要特别教育和训练的职业，如医生、律师、教师等。律师、教师等。career多年甚至终生从事的职业。多年甚至终生从事的职业。job任何有收益的工作，指为雇主工作。任何有收益的工作，指为雇主工作。2.We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants.evaluate vt.to judge how good,useful,or successful som
17、ething is 评价，评估，评价评价，评估，评价 evaluation n.评估，估算评估，估算【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)It can be difficult _(evaluate)the effectiveness of different treatments.2)He does this by _(evaluate)the strength of the evidence for each category.3)We need to carry out a proper _(evaluate)of the new system.to evaluate evalua
18、tingevaluationIn a low-gravity environment,we can learn more about changes in cells and microorganisms under the microscope.As well as doing these biological experiments,we carry out experiments in other research fields.I have been working on one experiment which locates and tracks lightning over la
19、rge regions of the Earth.Hopefully,it will cast new light on the Earths climate and lead to better lightning protection.With so much going on,the space station needs a lot of maintenance,so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.1.Hopefully,it will cast new light on the Earths clim
20、ate and lead to better lightning protection.cast new light on:使进一步了解使进一步了解 eg Human genome(人类基因组人类基因组)research is casting new light on Alzheimers disease.(翻译翻译)人类基因组研究正进一步了解阿尔兹海默症。人类基因组研究正进一步了解阿尔兹海默症。Recent research has cast new light on the causes of the disease.最近的研究可以使人进一步了解导致这种疾病的原因。最近的研究可以使人进一步
21、了解导致这种疾病的原因。His words cast new light on the problem.他的话使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。他的话使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。【拓展拓展】bring sth to light 揭露；披露揭露；披露cast/throw a shadow over/on.给给.蒙上阴影蒙上阴影be cast down(by.)(因因.)沮丧沮丧/不愉快不愉快2.With so much going on,the space station needs a lot of maintenance,so we constantly check support syste
22、ms and do some cleaning.(L18)go on 发生，继续maintenance n.维护,保养;维持maintain v.保养;维持译文：译文：空间站发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经 常检查空间站的支撑系统，并做一些清洁工作。with+名词/代词+非谓语1.With so much homework _(do),I wasnt permitted to watch TV.2.With homework _(do),I was permitted to watch TV freely.3.With my little brother _(play)around,
23、I cant focus on my work.to dodoneplayingThe most challenging work takes place when we need to perform tasks outsite the space station such as testing new equipment,monitoring scientific experiments or repairing the space station.In the circumstances,its time for a spacewalks.1.In the circumstances,i
24、ts time for a spacewalk.circumstance n.the conditions in which you live,especially how much money you have 条件，状况条件，状况 circumstances 境况，境况，(尤指尤指)经济状况经济状况 in the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此在这种情况下，既然如此 _ no circumstances 在任何情况下都不在任何情况下都不 _ the circumstances 在这种情况下在这种情况下,既然如此既然如此 in/underin/under在任何情况下我们都
25、不能放弃我们的梦想。在任何情况下我们都不能放弃我们的梦想。In no circumstances can we give up our dreams.First we put on our spacesuits,which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.Then we heat out,and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time,with the beautiftul Earth visible below
26、.1.which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.exposure n.面临，遭受；揭露；报道面临，遭受；揭露；报道expose v.暴露，露出；揭露；使遭受；使接触；曝光暴露，露出；揭露；使遭受；使接触；曝光exposed adj.无遮蔽的；易受攻击的；风险高的无遮蔽的；易受攻击的；风险高的夏天你最好不要让皮肤暴露在太阳下。（夏天你最好不要让皮肤暴露在太阳下。（expose）Youd better not expose your skin to the su
27、n in summer.老师们应该让学生尽可能多地接触真实的生活环境.Teachers should _ as many real life situations as possible.expose students to 2.Then we head out,and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time,with the beautiful Earth visible below.visible adj.something that is visible can be seen;an effect that is visible is gr
28、eat enough to be noticed 看得见的；明显的看得见的；明显的 invisible adj.看不见的看不见的 visibly adv.明显地明显地 eg The outline of the mountains was clearly visible.The house was surrounded by trees and invisible from the road.(翻译翻译)群山的轮廓清晰可见。群山的轮廓清晰可见。这所房子树木环绕，从路上是看不见的。这所房子树木环绕，从路上是看不见的。is spacewalking is not as exciting you m
29、ight think.Its probably the most dangerous work,with potential risks such as electrie shocks.Thats why every spacewalk is carefully planned.1.Splendid as the view of the Earth is,spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.（L28）as 引导的让步状语从句，=though the view of the Earth is splendid Strong as
30、you may be,you cannot lift the box.Student as he is,he does not study hard.Try as you will,you wont be able to persuade him.Much as I admire his courage,I dont think he acted wisely.asas 在引导让步状语从句时，意为在引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然，尽管虽然，尽管”，通常将，通常将形容词形容词、副词副词、名词名词或或动词动词等置于句首。等置于句首。asas像一样，同一样 改写：Though you may be
31、strong,you cannot lift the box.Though he is a child,he knows a lot about history.Strong as/though you may be,you cannot lift the box.Child as/though he is,he knows a lot about history.In view of the low-gravity environment,eating is also different in space.Most food is dried or freeze-dried.Its a lu
32、xury to eat fresh food,because fresh produce such as fruit and vegetables can only be delivered to the space station from the Earth every couple of months.1.In view of the low-gravity environment,eating is also different in space.(L31)鉴于低重力环境，在太空吃东西也不一样。鉴于低重力环境，在太空吃东西也不一样。in view/out of view在视野范围内/外
33、外point of view 观点；立场in ones view 在某人看来come into view 看得见，进入视野view.as 把.视为视为/看作看作.Salt and pepper are only in liquid form,so that they will not float away and block the air pipes.However,liquids cant be easily controlled in space.We must drink water or any other liquids out of a bag through a thin tu
34、be of plastic.Furthermore,to keep our body healthy,we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.1.Furthermore,to keep our body healthy,we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.ensure v.确保，保证确保，保证ensure sb.sth.确保某人得到确保某人得到.ensure+thatThe medicine should ensure yo
35、u a good nights sleep.Our new research strategy ensures that we get the best possible results.Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts health.Did you know that in just five months,astronauts could lose a significant amount of muscle and bone mass?1.Spending some time in the
36、 gym is of vital importance to astronauts health.(L39)be of+抽象抽象名词名词(importance/significance/help/value/use)=be+adj(important/significant/helpful/valuable/useful)Reading is of vital importance in language learning.be of vital importance 至关重要译文：花些时间在健身房锻炼对宇航员的健康至关重要。e.g.阅读在语言学习中至关重要。Reading is vitall
37、y important in language learning.【拓展拓展】be vital to/for 对对是至关重要的是至关重要的 Its vital to do sth.做某事很重要做某事很重要 Its vital that (should)do 是十分重要的是十分重要的(虚拟语气虚拟语气)play a vital role in 在在中起极其重要的作用中起极其重要的作用Considering these negative effects low gravity has on the human body,we discipline ourselves to do at least
38、two hours of exercise every day.Exercise in space is not your average workout.We have to be tied onto specially designed exercise equipment to stop ourselves from floating around.1.Considering these negative effects low gravity has on the human body,we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours o
39、f exercise every day.(L42)考虑到低重力对于人体的这些负面影响，我们严格要求自己每考虑到低重力对于人体的这些负面影响，我们严格要求自己每天至少运动两个小时天至少运动两个小时。1.He disciplined himself to exercise at least 2 hours a day.2.This is a good way to discipline your kid.3.He keeps good discipline in class.discipline v.v.严格要求自己；惩罚严格要求自己；惩罚;训练训练n.n.训练，纪律，行为准则，自制力训练，纪律
40、，行为准则，自制力严格要求自己严格要求自己训练，管教训练，管教纪律纪律During our leisure time,to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by,taking pictures for our family and friends back home.1.During our leisure time,theres nothing we like more than to sit back with the restof the crew and watch our re
41、markable planet go by,taking pictures for our family and friends back home.Theres nothing we like more than.意为意为“我们最喜欢我们最喜欢的是的是”。类似的结构还有。类似的结构还有 theres nothing I like less than.，意为，意为“我最不喜欢的是我最不喜欢的是”。On a hot day theres nothing I like more than a cold orange juice.我觉得，大热天没有比来杯橘子汁更过瘾的了。我觉得，大热天没有比来杯橘子
42、汁更过瘾的了。There is nothing I like less than lying.我最不喜欢的就是撒谎。我最不喜欢的就是撒谎。闲暇；空闲闲暇；空闲V-ing作伴随状语作伴随状语 watch后跟不带后跟不带to的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补 在空闲时间，我们最喜欢做的事就是和其在空闲时间，我们最喜欢做的事就是和其他工作人员一起舒服地坐下来，看着我们他工作人员一起舒服地坐下来，看着我们非凡的星球从身边经过，拍点照片给地球非凡的星球从身边经过，拍点照片给地球上的家人和朋友看。上的家人和朋友看。走过走过,经过经过As the space station travels at a speed
43、of about 17,500 miles per hour,we get to see the sunrise every 90 minutes.In these precious moments,all the challenges of life in space seem worth it.1.1.太空探索历史上令人激动人心的突太空探索历史上令人激动人心的突破破(p15)(p15)2.2.每个准宇航员的梦想每个准宇航员的梦想(L1)(L1)3.3.结束，终结结束，终结(L2)(L2)4.4.由于几乎没有重力由于几乎没有重力(L6(L6）5.5.附在墙上的睡袋附在墙上的睡袋(L8)(L8
44、)6.6.实施科学研究实施科学研究(L12)(L12)7.7.做生物实验做生物实验(L17)(L17)8.8.从事从事.(L17).(L17)9.9.定位和追踪闪电定位和追踪闪电(L18)(L18)10.10.使进一步了解使进一步了解(L19)(L19)1.exciting breakthroughs in the history of space exploration2.every would-be astronauts e to an end4.due to the near absence of gravity5.sleeping bags attached to the walls6
45、.conduct scientific research7.carry out/perform biological experiments8.work on(doing)sth9.locate and track lightning10.cast/throw/shed new light on.11.11.在太空站外执行任务在太空站外执行任务(L22)(L22)12.12.在这种情况下在这种情况下(L24)(L24)13.13.保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害(L26)(L26)14.14.电击电击(L29)(L29)15.15.鉴于，考虑到鉴于，考虑到(L31)(L
46、31)16.16.新鲜农产品新鲜农产品(L32)(L32)17.17.确保营养物质的平衡供应确保营养物质的平衡供应(L37)(L37)18.18.对对.至关重要至关重要(L39)(L39)19.19.严格要求自己做某事严格要求自己做某事(L42)(L42)20.20.在我们空闲时间在我们空闲时间(L45)(L45)21.21.休息休息(L45)(L45)11.perform tasks outside the space station12.in/under the circumstances13.protect us from exposure to the cold and radiati
47、on14.electric shock15.in view of/considering/given.16.fresh produce17.ensure a balanced supply of nutrients18.be of vital importance19.discipline oneself to do sth20.during our leisure time21.sit back Consolidation On the space station,one of the main(1)_ of astronauts is to do experiments.Some expe
48、riments aim to(2)_ the effects of low gravity.We are currently working on an experiment:how to grow vegetables in space.It is difficult to keep food fresh longer than 18 months in space,so growing vegetables is(3)_ for longer space missions.Hopefully,this experiment will(4)_ space farming and allow
49、us to set up permanent bases on other planets,such as Mars.Despite these(5)_ benefits,there are many challenges.One challenge is that the environment in space is altogether different from that back on the Earth.In normal(6)_,plants grow upwards.However,because of the near(7)_ of gravity in space,the
50、re is no such thing as“up”or“down”.Another thing that(8)_ us is the safety of eating the vegetables grown in space.We need to do a scientific analysis after the space-grown vegetables are sent to the Earth.visiblecircumstanceabsencecat new light onbotherevaluatemissionof vital importancemissionseval
