1、现在完成时（一）人教版新目标八年级下册Unit8 语法现在完成时（一）含义句式结构标志词与一般过去时的区别Learning Objectives一、现在完成时的含义：表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的结果和影响，或从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在并有可能还会持续下去的动作或状态。二、现在完成时的句式结构：例子：我去过北京。I have been to Beijing.例子：他还没打扫教室。He hasnt cleaned the classroom.肯定回答：Yes,主语+have/has.否定回答：No,主语+havent/hasnt.例子：你看完这本书了吗？Have you
2、 finished reading this book?肯定回答：Yes,I have.否定回答：No,I havent.按要求完成每个句子1.Jane has met a lot of famous people.(改为一般疑问句）_ Jane _ a lot of famous people?2.He has already eaten all the food on the plate.(改为否定句）He _ _ all the food on the plate _.3.Has Peter driven a car before?(作肯定回答）_,_ _.4.Mary,have you
3、 got a job yet?(作否定回答）_,_ _.HasmethasnteatenyetYeshehasNoIhavent练习三、标志词alreadyyetbeforesincejusteverneverup to now“已经”,放在肯定句中助动词后，行为动词前“还；仍然”,否定句或疑问句句末“以前”,常放句末“自从”,后接表示时间点的短语或一般过去时句子“刚刚”,常放在助动词后，行为动词前“曾经”,常放在助动词后，行为动词前“从不”,常放在助动词后，行为动词前 “到现在为止”,一般放句首1.I already read Treasure Island.我已经看过金银岛 了。2.I h
4、avent finished the work yet.我还没完成这项工作。3.He has never been to Beijing before.他以前从未去过北京。4.I have just received a letter.我刚收到一封信。5.Have you ever been to Shanghai?你曾经去过上海吗？6.She has never been to England.她从来不去过英国。7.Its been three years since I worked in this factory.我在这家工厂工作三年了。8.Up to now hes been quie
5、t.直到现在他还保持沉默。例子：现在完成时一般过去时用法表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，侧重于现在的情况表示过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关时间状语常和already,yet,just,ever,never,before,since,for,up to now,等连用常和yesterday,last week,just now,in 2020,two years ago等具体的表示过去的时间状语连用谓语动词与一段时间连用时，谓语动词要用延续性动词而不用非延续性动词谓语动词没有延续性或非延续性动词的限制四、现在完成时与一般过去时区别：1.He _(finish)reading the book the day before yesterday.2.My cousin _(be)in Nanjing since 2008.练习用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 finishedhas been
