1、七年级英语上册Unit 3语法和写作一、语法（一）频率副词用法详解：1.频率副词用来表示某一动作发生的频率或某一状态出现的频率，常见的有（按程度由大到小排列）always（总是，一直）；usually（通常）；often（经常）；sometimes（有时）；seldom （很少）；never（从不）。2.对频率副词提问常用how often开头3.在句中位置（1）在连系动词be之后。 Eg: She is sometimes very busy.她有时非常忙。（2）在助动词或情态动词之后。 Eg: I can always remember you.我会一直记得你。（3）在行为动词之前。 Eg
2、: We often go there. 我们经常去那。（4）sometimes可放在句首、句中或句末。 Eg: Sometimes she writes to me. 有时她给我写信。4.用法(1) often, always, usually等常和一般现在时连用，表示现在经常或反复发生的动作。Eg: I always go to bed at ten oclock. 我总是10点睡觉。(2) always可与进行时连用，并不强调动作正在进行，表示赞叹、厌烦等情绪。Eg: He is always thinking of others. 他总是为其他人着想。She is always ask
3、ing silly questions. 她总是问愚蠢的问题。（二）there be句型用法详解：“There is/ are + 某物/某时”结构表示“某地或某时存在某物或某人”。这种结构中的there没有实际意义，There is 后面加可数名词单数或不可数名词， There are后面加可数名词复数。注意：1.切记there be句型有临近原则，即be动词同离其近的主语保持一致。2.因句中有be动词，故变否定句式在is/are后加not；变一般疑问句时将is/are提前3.Is/Are there 开头的一般疑问句其肯定回答为Yes, there is/are.否定回答为No, ther
4、e isnt/arent.4.就数量提问时常用“how many + 可数名词复数”或“How much + 不可数名词”开头5.如果句中含有some，在变为否定句和一般疑问句时需将some变成any.6.there be句型过去式形式只需将is变为was；are变为were即可。Eg: There is a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一支钢笔。There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里面有一些水。There are some books in the bag. 包里面有一些书。There is a book and some pencils
5、on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和一些铅笔。There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 桌子上有一些铅笔和一本书。否定形式：There isnt a book and any pencils on the desk. 桌子上没有一本书和一些铅笔。一般疑问句形式：Is there a book and any pencils on the desk? 桌子上有一本书和一些铅笔吗？肯否定回答： Yes, there is./ No, there isnt.How many students are there in your class?
6、你们班有多少学生？How much water is there in the pool? 池塘里有多少水？知识拓展：There be句型与have/has区别：There be句型表示“某地存在某物”，强调存在。Have/has表示“拥有”，强调所属关系。Eg: There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本书。I have a book. 我有一本书。（三）名词的数1.定义：名词的数指数量，即“多少”单数：表示“一”；复数：表示“多于一”2.名词可数性：可数名词和不可数名词3.可数名词单数变复数规则（1）一般情况直接加s 如：star - stars; book -
7、 books 等（2）以字母s,x,sh,ch等结尾词直接加es 如：bus - buses; watch - watches等（3）以字母f或fe结尾的词将f或fe变为v再加es如：leaf - leaves; knife - knives等（4）以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i再加es如：baby - babies; city - cities等（5）以元音字母加y结尾的词 直接加s如：toy - toys; monkey - monkeys等（6）以es, se, ze, ge等结尾的词直接加s 如：face - faces; orange - oranges等（7）以辅音字母加o结尾的词
8、若表示有生命力则加es如：tomato - tomatoes; hero - heroes等若表示无生命力则加s如： photo - photos 等（8）不规则变化改a为e型：man - men; woman - women改oo为ee型：tooth - teeth; foot - feet在词尾加-ren：child - children单复数形式相同：sheep; deer; Chinese; Japanese常用复数形式或只有复数形式：noodles; glasses; trousers; thanks; clothes; chopsticks; people等其他特殊形式：mouse
9、 - mice; 老鼠；mouse - mouses 鼠标注意：（1）有些以f或ef结尾的词直接加s变成复数：如：roof - roofs; chief - chiefs等（2） 由man和woman 构成的合成词，其复数形式需前后都变复数：如：man doctor - men doctors； woman teacher - women teachers等（3）名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，通常只变后一个名词：如：boy student -boy students；apple tree - apple trees等4.不可数名词的量化：通常不可数名词没有复数形式，不能用a/an修饰，且不能用数
10、词直接修饰。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数注意：不可数名词的量化具体的量：数词+表示数量的名词+of+不可数名词；如：a piece of paper 一张纸；three kilos of rice 三公斤大米大概的量：表示量的限定词+不可数名词（用some, much, little, a little, a lot of等表示）；如：some water 一些水；a lot of money 许多钱5.既可作可数也可作不可数Chicken (可数) “小鸡”(不可数) “鸡肉”Paper (可数) “文件” (不可数) “纸”Experience (可数) “经历”(不可数) “经
11、验”Room (可数) “房间”(不可数) “空间”Fish (可数) “鱼的条数、种类”(不可数) “鱼肉”Time (可数) “次数” (不可数) “时间”Glass (可数) “玻璃杯”(不可数) “玻璃”Work(可数) “作品”(不可数) “工作”（四）音标1.字母i在相对开音节中发 / a / ，在重读闭音节中发 /i:/ 或 /I/ / a / 发音要领：由/a/和/ 两个单音组成，/a/重读，/轻读，口型由开到合字母组合：y - cry; ie - tie; i - library; eye - eye/ / 发音要领：嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，最扁平，发音短而清脆
12、。字母组合：a - village; e - begin; i - bit;2.辅音/ f / 发音要领：上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，使气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，声带不震动。字母组合：f - fish; ff -off ; ph - phone; gh -laugh ; fe - knife/ v / 发音要领：上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，使气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，声带震动。字母组合：v - vegetable; ve - move/s/ 发音要领：双唇微微张开，舌端靠近上齿龈，舌头自然放松，气流从齿间送出，声带不震动。字母组合：s - swim; ce - face; ss - gla
13、ss; c - city; sc - science/z/ 发音要领：双唇微微张开，舌端靠近上齿龈，舌头自然放松，气流从齿间送出，声带震动。字母组合：z - zoo; se - lose ; s - has/h/ 发音要领：嘴唇自然张开，自然呵气，声带不震动字母组合：h - hat; wh- who/r/ 发音要领：舌尖向上卷起，舌头不要接触任何部位，双唇稍微突出，声带震动。字母组合：r - rat; wr - write二、写作话题一：Introduce your school life.* 提示：1.My name is .2.Im in Class.Grade.3.Our classes
14、 often begin at .and ends at .4.We have .subjects this term, such as.5.There are many interesting after - school activities.6.We can join .club.7.We often enjoy ourselves.8.I love my school life very much.* 写作步骤定文体(记叙文)、人称(第一人称)、时态(一般现在时)* 范文： I m a student from Beijing, China.My school life is very
15、 wonderful.Im in Class Two Grade Seven.We usually start our classes at 8:00 am, and ends at 5:00 pm.We have seven subjects this term, such as Chinese, maths, English, chemistry, physics.PE and music.We often have dinner at 12:00 at school.The dishes here is very nice.There are also lots of clubs after school.I like swimming very much so I join the Swimming Club.I can make lots of friends here and learn from each other.I like my school life very much.4
