1、必修三 Unit 6 Disaster and hope (2) 高一年级 英语 Period 2 Using Language Ellipsis Learning objectives By the end of this lesson, you will be able to: 1. summarize the criteria for ellipsis by finding, analyzing and comparing the sentences given; 2. rewrite sentences in different contexts by using ellipsis;
2、3. write an advertising copy by using ellipsis properly. A joke Mr. Brown was reading his evening paper when there came a tremendous banging down the stairs. He jumped, ran to the hall, and discovered his son sprawled on the floor. “Did you miss a step?” asked Mr. Brown. “No, I caught every blessed
3、one!” came the bitter answer. A joke “Did you miss a step?” “Did you fall because you missed a step?” “Did you miss a step while you were falling down?” “I caught every blessed one!” What is ellipsis? The act of leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be unders
4、tood without them. What has been left out in sentence (a)? Comparison a. Its just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as well as one of the deepest. b. Its just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as well as one of the deepest lines. What has been left out in se
5、ntence (c)? Comparison c. My office is only on the third floor of the building, so quite low. d. My office is only on the third floor of the building, so it is quite low. Why does the author leave them out? a. Its just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as well as one of the deep
6、est (lines). c. My office is only on the third floor of the building, so (it is) quite low. Subject+Predicate verb Subject+Predicate verb Why does the author leave them out? To avoid repeating the word or expression that is too obvious and to emphasize key words; To make the sentences more concise a
7、nd fluent. Find out more sentences with ellipsis. 1. The average high temperature in July is only 22 degrees, so over 30 is not usual for London. 2. Its the hottest on the whole Tube system. 3. Each summer in London definitely seems hotter than the last. 4. Experts say this bad weather has occurred
8、due to climate change. Verbatim recoverbility The actual word(s) whose meaning is understood or implied must be recoverable. Criteria for ellipsis 1. She cant sing tonight, so I wont. 2. She said he bought a book from a bookstore, but she couldnt remember which. Criterion 1: The ellipted word(s) is
9、precisely recoverable; Note: Verbation recovery does not necessarily mean that the items replaced are morphologically identical to the items consisting the antecedent. (sing) Criteria for ellipsis 1. He works in a factory, and his wife in a hospital. 2. Let s do the dishes. Ill wash and you dry. Cri
10、terion 2: The elliptical construction is grammatically “defective”; Criteria for ellipsis 1. While having my lunch, I heard a loud noise. 2. Knowing no French, I could not express my thanks. Criterion 3: The insertion of missing word(s) results in a grammatical sentence (with the same meaning as the
11、 original sentence); While (I was) having my lunch, I heard a loud noise. *(Since I was) Knowing no French, I could not express my thanks. 3. The poor (people) need more help. Criteria for ellipsis If you admit your mistake and apologize, I wont have to. Criterion 4: The missing word(s) is textually
12、 recoverable; If you admit your mistake and apologize, I wont have to (admit your mistake). If you admit your mistake and apologize, I wont have to (apologize). If you admit your mistake and apologize, I wont have to (tell your parents about your rude behavior). A: Please dont tell my parents about
13、my rude behavior. B: Criteria for ellipsis 1. She might sing tonight, but I dont think she will. 2. He came here yesterday, but I am not sure if he will tomorrow. Criterion 5: The missing word(s) is present in the text in exactly the same form. She might sing tonight, but I dont think she will (sing
14、 tonight). He came here yesterday, but I am not sure if he will ( ) tomorrow. come Criteria for ellipsis Summary 1. The ellipted word(s) is precisely recoverable; 2. The elliptical construction is grammatically “defective”; 3. The insertion of missing word(s) results in a grammatical sentence (with
15、the same meaning as the original sentence); 4. The missing word(s) is textually recoverable; 5. The missing word(s) is present in the text in exactly the same form. Find out correct elliptical sentences. 1. Ben picked up a book and (he) handed it to me. 2. He majors in English, and I (am interested)
16、 in French. 3. I was born in 1993 and Bob (was born) in 1994. 4. He has a knowledge of first aid, but his friend doesnt have (a knowledge of first aid). 5. What he said made me happy, but (what he said made) Jim angry. 6. Whenever (it is) possible, he would read books. 7. I asked him to see the film
17、, but he didnt want to (see the film). 8.The only thing you have to do is (to) press the button. Find out correct elliptical sentences. Find out correct elliptical sentences. 1. Ben picked up a book and (he) handed it to me. 3. I was born in 1993 and Bob (was born) in 1994. 5. What he said made me h
18、appy, but (what he said made) Jim angry. 6. Whenever (it is) possible, he would read books. 7. I asked him to see the film, but he didnt want to (see the film). 8.The only thing you have to do is (to) press the button. 2. He majors in English, and I (am interested) in French. He majors in English, a
19、nd I ( ) in French. Find out correct elliptical sentences. major 4. He has a knowledge of first aid, but his friend doesnt have (a knowledge of first aid). He has a knowledge of first aid, but his friend doesnt. Read the paragraph and get the main idea. Technology isnt the only way to forecast the w
20、eather. Nature has its ways, too. Unusual animal behaviour, for example, can indicate whether its cold, wet weather thats on the way or a hot, dry period. If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking more loudly, it may rain. And next time you look up at the sky, dont just look for ra
21、in clouds, but also for birds. If they are flying low, grab your umbrella. Read the paragraph and get the main idea. It is also said that mice and snakes head for safer ground several days before an earthquake, while dogs avoiding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is approaching. Read the parag
22、raph and get the main idea. Of course, although these things may suggest something bad is going to happen, they wont tell us when and where. So, for accurate and reliable predictions, its best to check an official, scientific report. Read the paragraph and get the main idea. The main idea is how to
23、predict weather and natural disasters based on the behavior of animals. Read the paragraph and get the main idea. Technology isnt the only way to forecast the weather. Nature has its ways, too. Unusual animal behaviour, for example, can indicate whether its cold, wet weather thats on the way or a ho
24、t, dry period. Find out what words have been removed before or after the underlined words. Technology isnt the only way to forecast the weather. Nature has its ways ( ), too. Unusual animal behaviour, for example, can indicate whether its cold, wet weather thats on the way or a hot, dry period ( ).
25、Find out what words have been removed before or after the underlined words. to forecast the weather thats on the way If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking more loudly ( ), it may rain. And next time you look up at the sky, dont just look for rain clouds, but also ( ) for birds.
26、 If they are flying low, grab your umbrella. Find out what words have been removed before or after the underlined words. than usual look Of course, although these things may suggest something bad is going to happen, they wont tell us when ( ) and where ( ). So, for accurate and reliable predictions,
27、 its best to check an official, scientific report. Find out what words have been removed before or after the underlined words. something bad is going to something bad is going to happen happen Look and predict. The 8.1-magnitude earthquake that hit Nepal on 25 April 2015, was one of the worst earthq
28、uakes in history. On hearing the news, China was quick to start organising emergency aid. Read and check. International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country. Amongst all the international heavy rescue teams, the China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was the first internation
29、al heavy rescue team to arrive. Read and check. Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical staff, but also included earthquake experts. By early May, emergency aid worth 9.7 million US dollars had been donated by China, with a further round of emergency aid to follow. Read an
30、d check. The report is mainly about Chinas rescue efforts in Nepal after the earthquake. Read and check. The 8.1-magnitude earthquake that hit Nepal on 25 April 2015, was one of the worst earthquakes in history. On hearing the news, China was quick to start organising emergency aid. Remove words fro
31、m the news report to make it more concise. the worst earthquakes in history 名词性省略结构：the + 形容词最高级 + 比较范围 International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country. Amongst all the international heavy rescue teams, the China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was the first international
32、 heavy rescue team to arrive. Remove words from the news report to make it more concise. the first international heavy rescue team 名词性省略结构：the + 序数词 + 名词/名词词组 Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical staff, but also included earthquake experts. By early May, emergency aid w
33、orth 9.7 million US dollars had been donated by China, with a further round of emergency aid to follow. Remove words from the news report to make it more concise. Woman Kills Husband. (A) Woman Kills (her) Husband. Headline Global Warming to Threaten Human Progress. Global Warming (is) to Threaten H
34、uman Progress. Japan Fukui Nuclear Reactor Shut down. Japan Fukui Nuclear Reactor (was) Shut down. Li Ziqi has about 20 million followers on Sina Weibo, Chinas equivalent to Twitter, plus 7 million followers on overseas social media networks. Many foreigners say they have got to know traditional Chi
35、nese food culture via her channel. Read the news report and give a headline. It is the spirit of craftsmanship behind her works that makes Lis video clips attractive. She strictly follows the authentic traditional steps and procedures in making traditional Chinese food and handicrafts, such as peach
36、 flower wine and silk, and goes to great lengths to ensure her videos are accurate. Sometimes she spends several months producing one of her videos. Read the news report and give a headline. Li has been inheriting traditional Chinese culture in a rather creative way. A closer look at her videos will
37、 show that they are never with any “analysis” that makes people feel bored. They just show audiences each and every detail of traditional Chinese culture, so that the latter knows how Chinese live their beautiful and elegant lives. Read the news report and give a headline. It is that universal appea
38、l that makes her works so appealing. Thanks to Lis efforts, many intangible cultural heritages that only existed in memories and written records now appear before our eyes. Via her short videos, Li presents the image of a beautiful and friendly China. Read the news report and give a headline. With t
39、he growth of the Chinese economy, people overseas are showing more interest in traditional Chinese culture. Li has shown how to satisfy that interest in a good way, namely showing the best parts of traditional Chinese culture with her heart. To effectively present the beauty of Chinese culture to th
40、e world, we need more Li Ziqi. Read the news report and give a headline. Chinese Culture was Shown to the World with Love Chinese Culture Shown to the World with Love Read the news report and give a headline. Watch and write. Summary 1. The definition of ellipsis 2. The purpose of ellipsis 3. Criteria for ellipsis 4. Special use of ellipsis in headlines of news Option 1. Rewrite the advertising copy. Option 2. Dub for the advertisement using your advertising copy. Option 3. Choose one kind of emergency supplies and write an advertising copy for it. Homework
