1、专题十三 句子,考纲考点,真题链接,真题评析,强化训练,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,一、句子的分类,(一)按用途分 1. 陈述句,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,【特别提示】,首页,末页,2. 疑问句,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,【拓展知识】 1. 常用的特殊疑问词,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,2. 特殊的反意疑问句,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,
2、首页,末页,3. 祈使句,首页,末页,首页,末页,4. 感叹句,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,(二)按结构分 1. 简单句 由一个主语(或者并列主语)和一个谓语(或者并列谓语)构成的句子叫简单句。其基本句型有5种。,首页,末页,2. 并列句 由并列连词 and, so, but, or 等把两个或者两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。,首页,末页,3. 复合句,随学随练,句型转换。 1. Her mother works in a hospital. (改为一般疑问句) _ 2. Is Liz a boys name? Is Liz a girls name? (改为选择疑问句
3、) _ 3. It is cold today. (改为反意疑问句) _,首页,末页,Does her mother work in a hospital.,Is Liz a boys or a girls name?,It is cold today, isnt it?,4. Time passed quickly. (改为感叹句) _ 5. Tom lives alone. Tom is happy. (改为并列句) _,首页,末页,How quickly time passed!,Tom lives alone, but he is happy.,首页,末页,二、宾语从句,(一) 宾语从
4、句的用法,首页,末页,(二) 宾语从句的种类,首页,末页,(三) 宾语从句的语序,(四) 宾语从句的时态,主句的时态：一般现在时 从句的时态,例句：I think that he has finished his homework. 我认为他已经完成家庭作业了。 “John speaks highly of you. ” Tom tells me. Tom tells me that John speaks highly of me. 汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价了我。 (主句用 tells,是一般现在时,从句原时态是 speaks,在这里还是用 speaks),主句的时态：一般过去时 从句的时态：
5、1. 一般过去时或过去进行时 条件：主从句的动作同时发生,例句：Mr. Green didnt know when his son came home yesterday evening. 格林先生不知道他昨晚儿子是几点回家的。 She said that she was working on the Internet. 她说她在上网。,主句的时态：一般过去时 从句的时态：2. 过去将来时(了解即可) 条件：从句动作发生在主句动作之后,例句：Jim told me he would spend his holiday in the south. 吉姆告诉我他将到南方去度假。,主句的时态：一般过
6、去时 从句的时态：3. 过去完成时(了解即可) 条件：从句动作发生在主句动作之前,例句：He didnt know what they had come here for. 他不知道他们来这里的目的。,主句的时态：一般过去时 从句的时态：一般过去时 条件：从句的动作发生在主句动作之前,并含有某一具体时间状语,例句：She said she came to work here in 2001. 她说她是 2001 年来这里工作的。,主句的时态：一般过去时 从句的时态： 一般现在时 条件：不受时间限制的客观事实、真理等,例句：The teacher said that the moon goes
7、around the earth. 老师说月球绕着地球转。,(五) 宾语从句的否定转移,当主句主语为第一人称,谓语动词为 think, believe, suppose, expect 等时,如果宾语从句表否定的意思, 应将从句的否定词转移到主句中,即将主句谓语动词变为否定式。 如: I dont think they have finished their work yet. 我认为他们还未完成他们的工作。,随学随练,用合适的连接词填空。 1. I cant understand _ he likes computer games so much. 2. I cant remember _
8、I have seen him before. 3. I hope _ it will snow this winter. 4. Let me know _ you can come or not. 5. Can you tell me _ the No.3 bus stop is?,首页,末页,why,whether/ if,that,whether,where,三、定语从句,(一) 定语从句的引导词(关系词) 常考的关系代词有:,首页,末页,(二) 引导词(关系词)的用法,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,(二) 引导词(关系词)的用法,首页,末页,(三) 定语从句引导词的特殊用法 1.
9、 下列情况只能用 that (不用 which) 来指代物,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,2. 下列情况只能用 who (不用 that) 来指代人,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,随学随练,用合适的连接词填空。 1. The woman _ is speaking at the meeting is our class teacher. 2. The book _ I bought last week is The Adventure of Tom Sawyer. 3. I have read all the books _ you gave me. 4. We tal
10、ked about the persons and things _ we could remember. 5. Ill remember those _ help me.,首页,末页,who/ that,which/ that,that,that,who,四、状语从句,(一) 引导状语从句的从属连词,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,(二) 状语从句的时态(主将从现),首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,随学随练,用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. Shell go shopping as soon as she _ (finish) washing the clothes. 2
11、. She asked if you _ (return)the book to the library. 3. I didnt know who _ (be)the tallest in our class. 4. Could you tell me what you _ (do)at eight oclock last night? I was doing my homework at that time.,首页,末页,finishes,had returned,was,were doing,5. Dont get off the bus until it _ (stop).,首页,末页,
12、stops,五、There be 句型,(一) 含义,首页,末页,(二) 构成,首页,末页,首页,末页,首页,末页,(三) 注意事项 1. There be 句型中 be 动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致,即就近原则,首页,末页,首页,末页,2. There 与 be 动词中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表示时态的短语和一些动词短语,首页,末页,3. There be 句型和 have/ has 的区别,首页,末页,4. There be+主语+doing+介词短语。 如:,随学随练,单项填空 ( ) 1. There isnt _ water in the glass. Lets
13、 go and get some. A. many B. lots C. any D. some ( ) 2. There _ a lot of news about him on TV last night. A. was B. had C. is D. were ( ) 3. There _ many changes in the village recently. A. is B. are C. have been D. to be,首页,末页,C,A,C,( ) 4. There _ a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some? Ju
14、st a little, please. A. is B. are C. am D. be ( ) 5. There _ some books, a pen and a ruler on the desk. A. is B. are C. have D. has,首页,末页,A,B,首页,末页,( ) 1. (2018云南) _ fast China is developing! Yes, we are so lucky to live in such a great country. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 2. (2018四川凉山)Mom
15、, can I play computer games this evening? _ your homework first, and then well talk about it. A. Finishing B. Finish C. To finish D. Finished,首页,末页,C,B,( ) 3. (2018江苏南京)Before you start reading, ask yourself _ you are reading this book. Most people read for two main reasons, pleasure or knowledge. A
16、. why B. what C. where D. when ( ) 4. (2018 湖北黄冈)Class, you should be thankful to those people _ helped and supported you. We will, Miss Chen. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose,首页,末页,A,C,( ) 5. (2018贵州) _ do your parents come to visit you in the US, Tom? Once a year. A. How often B. How long C. How s
17、oon D. How far,首页,末页,A,首页,末页,1. How often do you chat with your friends online? _(一个月一次). Im busy with my study. 2. I dont know _(为什么他要离开). Because he has to look after his mother. 3. _ (多久以后)can you finish this English examination? In about one and a half hours.,一、根据中文提示完成句子。,首页,末页,Once a month,why
18、 he is leaving,How soon,4. Ill go to the USA next month. _ (做什么)for? 5. Would you like to go out to play basketball with me? _ (我很乐意),but I should finish my homework first. 6. He told me _(医院在哪里). 7. I wonder _(为什么人们养宠物鱼).,首页,末页,What,Id love to,where the hospital was,why people keep pet fish,8. He i
19、s a quiet boy. He _(有很少朋友), does he? 9. _ (不要害怕)! The snake will go away later. 10. _(多么漂亮的)the Haizhu Lake is!,首页,末页,has few friends,Dont be afraid,How beautiful,( ) 1. _ is the dictionary? Its 22.95. A. How old B. How long C. How thick D. How much ( ) 2. Well go for a picnic if it _ this Sunday. Wish you a lovely weekend. A. rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain D. didnt rain,二、单项
