1、2020新东方高考完形填空专题讲座 主讲人：崔老师 时间：2020年11月20日 新东方呼呾浩特学校 高考英语 完形填空方法技巧专题讲解 目录 完形的现状呾问题 0101 完形的命题过程 0202 完形的解题步骤 0303 一. 完形的现状呾问题 1.做题靠感觉 感觉是主观化的东西，完形 填空是客观化的题型，这样 做容易被干扰的，从而误入 了出题人设计的陷阱。 2.多读多背 有一种说法是做好完形填空 的方法是提高自己的语感， 为了提高语感，就有人建议 多读多背，这种很多人发现， 读了背了很多书还是做不好 题目。所以这种方法也是不 可行的。 用分析找线索的方法做完形填空。 我们要像侦探一样，利用
2、未设空的已 知线索，通过分析排查，找出与设空 相关联的线索，再利用这些线索进行 逻辑推理，从而最终得出正确答案。 二. 完形的命题过程 1.选文章 1)文章长度：240-320 2)文章体裁：记叙文，夹叙 夹议，说明文，议论文。 3)文章题材：个人成长，奇 人异事，社会生活，校园生 活，亲子关系，助人为乐， 语言文化，文体娱乐等。 2.挖空格 _ _ _ _ A.番茄 B.西瓜 C.石榴 D.香蕉 除了_外,人们爱吃的水果大都是 球形的。而常常被人认为是水果的_实 际上是一种蔬菜。夏天吃_可以消 暑降温，但它的籽人们一般丌作食用。而 在吃_时,我们吃的主要是它的籽。 A.番茄 B.西瓜 C.石
3、榴 D.香蕉 3.拟选项 词性一致: 1. A strange B. sensitive C. imaginable D. horrible 2. A tune B. voice C. sound D. tone 3. A. by B. as C. with D. from 4. A. guessed B. forgot C. doubted D. ignored 01 重视首句 0 2 0 3 三.完形的解题步骤 瞻前顾后找线索 带词性快速浏览 中方：由外部呈旋涡状渐进切入主题。 甲：呦！好久丌见了，最近忙什么呢？ 乙：嗨，还丌那点破事，你也一切都 好吧？ 甲：丌错丌错。唉，你吃了么？ 乙：
4、刚吃过，你也吃了吧？ 甲：还没呢，这就去。你中午吃的什 么？ 乙：蛋炒饭 甲：丌错，完了没吃点西瓜？天可够 热的 乙：没买西瓜，吃了点冰激凌 甲：呵呵，生活条件还丌错嘛 乙：哪里哪里，乱花钱 甲：那你借我点钱吧 乙：. 西方： 开门见山，直入主题 中西文化差异 01 重视首句 首句功能: 1.记叙文：记叙要素 说明文：主题对象 议论文：主题论点 2.感情基调(态度) 3.预测下文(知道行文方向) I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 1 and when I was 14 he said, “Youre never go
5、ing to be 2 but a failure.” 1.记叙要素：自述，did表明在回忆过去。At school阐述了地点，在学校的时候 2.感情基调：副词very badly奠定开篇情感基调，为负 3.预测下文：整篇文章可能就在学校丌好的表现迚行回忆，可预测有转折 01 重视首句 We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago. There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. 重视首句 01 As a general
6、 rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1 at work in people of all 2 .For example 首句功能: 1.记叙文：记叙要素 说明文：主题对象 议论文：主题论点 2.感情基调(态度) 3.预测下文（知道行文方向） 主题 主题 01 重视首句 0 2 0 3 三.完形的解题步骤 01 重视首句 带词性快速浏览 带词性翻译 动词动词整整，搞搞，
7、弄弄，干干， 怎么怎么 名词名词什么什么，东西东西 形容词形容词怎么样的怎么样的 副词副词怎样地怎样地，怎么怎么 快速浏览 看句子，抓主干 1.1.提主干提主干:找谓语，定主语 2.2.去枝叶去枝叶:意群法,一组组的进 行扫视。英语中主要有三大意 群：介词短语，从句，非谓语 动词。可以把意群用括号标出， 然后就比较容易找到句子主干 3.逻辑连词逻辑连词用圈画。 0 2 带词性 快速浏览 快速浏览 读段落,抓结构,抓主旨 1.1.记叙文：记叙文：事物一定具有不完美性，最终价值 取向一定是真善美！or从一帆风顺到经历波折 2.2.夹叙夹议：夹叙夹议：首段中心论点和分段中心论点 3.3.说明文：说明
8、文： （总分； 总分总； 往往首段出中心）说明文往往围绕一个问题从 不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构严谨，句子 结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填空题中较难理 解的一种文体。我们一定要仔细研读文章的开 头和结尾，从主题句主题句着手。 4.4.议论文：议论文：（总分； 总分总； 往往首段出论点）对于议论文形式的完形填空, 在掌握全文主旨全文主旨的情况下,抓好每段的首句首句是 做好试题的基本原则之一。有一项调查结果表 明,英语议论文有60%90%的主旨句在文章的 首句。 When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown
9、 person, we usually say “wrong number! and move on. But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasnt intended for him, he did something special . 0 2 带词性 快速浏览 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( After my husbands Chinese kung fu school was open for about a week, my daughters and I decided to see how it w
10、as going. We were deeply 1 to see there wasnt a single student in the school. My husband was standing 4 in the school waiting for customers. We had to 3 ! We decided to be his 4 until he got some real ones. We thought it was better to have five people in the school 5 just him if a passerby looked in
11、 the window. He started teaching us 6 and forms. We found that some of them actually were 7 to ballet moves but much more difficult. It was kind of fun but 4 , too! We were attracted by then, so we 4 as learners. 10 , we got actual students in our school. There were many men and teenage boys, and we
12、 11 lots of other girls and women as well. One special student was a 12 seven year-old girl. She was going 13 and had other health problems. With my daughters help and 14 , this little girl got to be a real kung fu kid. Although she is now a sightless, grown adult, Im confident she can 15 herself if
13、 she needs to. I am 16 to say my daughters are more confident in every area of their lives. This experience taught me to 17 things I never would have 18 before kung fu. I havent been 19 in all of my efforts, but Ill give almost 20 of niceness a try! 0 2 带词性 快速浏览 读段落,抓结构,抓主旨 起 承 转 合 As a general rule
14、, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1 at work in people of all 2 .For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 3 with their new toys. But their 4 soon wears off and by January those 5 toys can
15、be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 6 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someones 7 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 8 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 9 of caring for the animal is handed over to
16、 the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 10 but are soon looking forward to 11 .The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 12 , who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, 13 drove for hours at a time when they first 14 their drivers licenses(执照)
17、?Before people retire, they usually 15 to do a lot of 16 things, which they never had 17 to do while working. But 18 after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 19 .And, like the child in January, they go searching for new 2
18、0 . 0 2 带词性 快速浏览 读段落,抓结构,抓主旨 总 分 01 重视首句 0 2 0 3 三.完形的解题步骤 瞻前顾后找线索 带词性快速浏览 连词/介词 形/副词 动词 1 2 03 瞻前顾后找线索 按词性找词 按意思找 一般填写名词的空格的前两行后两行出现的是跟这个空的词一般填写名词的空格的前两行后两行出现的是跟这个空的词 是是一样一类一样一类的词，否则将出现逻辑错误的词，否则将出现逻辑错误。 句子里面出现的名词是句子里面出现的名词是teacher teacher 、students students 等词，那么我等词，那么我 们可以得到选择们可以得到选择schoolschool是比
19、较合理的。是比较合理的。 名词 找名词名词复现/近义词/同类词 找动词不名词主谓/动宾关系（动词不 其主语/宾语是否可以搭配，在意义上是否 符合逻辑戒者常识） 找形容词修饰关系（意义上是否符合 修饰逻辑戒者常识） 按词性找 名词 【2015全国2】Through the first two games, her did not get on serious shot on goal. As a parent, I hated seeing my daughter playing her best, but still defeated. A. fans B. tutors C. class D
20、. team 【2016全国2】Thats how powerful the is. A. Telephone B. voice C. connection D. impression 按词性找 找名词 词复现/近义词/同类词 键入内容 名词 修饰关系 名词 按词性找 找形容词 D A 键入内容 与名词主谓/动宾关系 【2014全国2】It was impossible Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joes was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. A. height B.
21、weight C. strength D. equipment 【2017全国2】Through the years, Id run into former students who would provide on old classmates. A. assessments B. comments C. instructions D. updates 名词 按词性找 找动词 B D 找同义转换 按 意 思 找 名词 解释关系 用不同方式表达相同或相似内容用不同方式表达相同或相似内容。 键入内容 1.Just before September, Miller was struck by a
22、car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from . A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training 2.My 10-year-old noticed him and made a on how bad it must be to have to stand outside in the cold wind. A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call 名词 按意思找 解释关系 用不同方式表达相同或相似内容用不同方式
23、表达相同或相似内容 B C 连词/介词 形/副词 动词 1 2 03 瞻前顾后找线索 按词性找词 按意思找 在一段话中，动词不是独立的存在，在它的前面或者后面都在一段话中，动词不是独立的存在，在它的前面或者后面都 是存在动词的，而这些动作一般都是连贯的有关系的。是存在动词的，而这些动作一般都是连贯的有关系的。 动词 a)起床，穿衣服，洗漱，吃早餐，上学起床，穿衣服，洗漱，吃早餐，上学 b)穿袜子穿袜子系鞋带系鞋带 A吃饭吃饭 B.游泳游泳 C. 穿鞋穿鞋 D.睡觉睡觉 我们看的是逻辑性我们看的是逻辑性,动作的顺序有一定的关系动作的顺序有一定的关系,也可以知道该选择什么答案。也可以知道该选择什么
24、答案。 找名词不动词的主谓/动宾关系（动词不其主语/宾语是 否可以搭配，在意义上是否符合逻辑戒者常识） 找副词修饰关系（意义上是否符合修饰逻辑戒者常识） 找动词原词复现/近义词/同类词(动作顺序一致性) 按词性找 动词 原词复现/近义词/同类词动作顺序一致性 1.I had five interviews (面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not get the job. A.prepared for B. attended C. asked for D. held 2.Just
25、last year, I was conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a note from Freddys mother. 1.A. regretted B. avoided C. excused D. ignored 2.A. opened B. packed C.
26、gave D. held One morning, I had to book an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Ranis office for the first time. The woman sitting at the desk, my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a comforting smile. A. expecting B. seeing C. testing D. avoiding 按词性找 找动词 键入内容 键入内容
27、动词 按词性找 找名词 动词 与名词主谓/动宾关系 B C A B 找同义转换 按 意 思 找 解释关系 用不同方式表达相同或相似内容用不同方式表达相同或相似内容。 动词 键入内容 1. I was used to the familiar bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are both in English and Chinese. A. explained B. expressed C. described D. created 2.But her cold voice really me. I sometimes wished to
28、 another agent. 51.A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused 52.A. promote B. train C. find D. know 3.As a parent, I seeing my daughter playing her best, but still defeated. A. imagined B. hated C. avoided D. missed 动词 按意思找 解释关系 用不同方式表达相同或相似内容用不同方式表达相同或相似内容 C A B A 连词/介词 形/副词 动词 1 2 03 瞻前顾
29、后找线索 按词性找词 按意思找 形/副词 马上就要过新新年了，到处张灯结彩，喜气洋洋喜气洋洋，而在 新东方的学习，又在幸福的幸福的气氛上锦上添花。每个人都 穿着漂亮的漂亮的衣服，梳着好看的好看的发型。 但是，当我转过街角的时候，发现在一个阴暗的阴暗的角落 里，蜷缩着一个人，他衣衫褴褛衣衫褴褛，面部瘦瘦削，头发蓬乱蓬乱， 好像很久没有吃过饭了。 找动词不副词修饰关系（意义上是否符合修饰逻 辑戒者常识） 找名词不形容词修饰关系 （意义上是否符合修 饰逻辑戒者常识） 找形容词/副词原词复现/近义词/同类词(判断感 情色彩)。 按词性找 形/副词 原词复现/近义词/同类词判断感情色彩 1.“What
30、a blessing this young man was to our family! He was so and kind to do this.” A.smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair 2.I had advised the kids that while verbs may seem dull , most of the things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever 按词性找 找形容词/副词 形形/副词副词 形形/副词副词 按
31、词性找 找动词 与副词修饰关系 按词性找 找名词 与形容词修饰关系 形形/副词副词 C C 找同义转换 按 意 思 找 解释关系 用不同方式表达相同或相似内容用不同方式表达相同或相似内容。 形/副词 1. I turned around and saw a woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. A. careful B. serious C. nervous D. pleasant 2.Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost
32、 his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from hospital. He looked very , but he didnt cry. A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed 3.Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top , but on their way
33、back conditions were very Joe fell and broke his leg. 1. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early 2. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal 按意思找 用不同方式表达相同或相似内容用不同方式表达相同或相似内容 解释关系 形形/副词副词 A A D D 连词/介词 形/副词 动词 1 2 03 瞻前顾后找线索 按词性找词 按意思找 注意有没有转折关系 注意一词多义 空格前后的逻辑（参考状语从句） 连词 做题方法 连词/介词 根据
34、上下文语境选择需要的介词 掌握一词多义 固定搭配 介词 做题方法 介词 1.She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, she was encouraging and inspiring. A.and B. yet C. so D. for 2. I had a lot of experience and a Masters degree, I could not find satisfying work. A.As B. Though C. If D. When 3What are you doing? a voice
35、asked. Diane jumped. She did not know that the man was there he spoke. A. when B. until C. after D. once 键入内容 连词连词 B B B 1.The worst time to fall asleep is when driving. Police reports are full of accidents that occur when people fall into sleep and go the road. If the drivers are lucky, they are no
36、t seriously hurt. A.up B. off C. along D. down 2. “Track 3 skiing (三板滑雪) was designed people like us. If I can learn to ski, so can you. Laurie said. They put on regular ski, and used outriggers (架) to balance. A. to B. with C. for D. as 3.I asked a young lady if she had seen a little boy in a grey suit. She looked her helplessly and pointed out that there were so many small boys in grey suits. A. about B. to C. at D. across 键入内容 介词介词 B C A 希望所有人都有梦想可以追，哪怕当下有很多苦难呾颓废 完形和背单词合二为一完形和背单词合二为一 感谢聆听 崔老师 感谢聆听！
