1、方位介词 教学目标 1.学生能了解一些常用的方位介词分类及其用法，并能够使用 教学步骤 1.导入 He drives. He drives on the road. He drives to the school. 方位=方向+位置 2.具体分析 (1)表位置 介词 意义 图示 例句 in/inside 在之内在之内 The students are reading in the classroom. 学生们在教师里读书。学生们在教师里读书。 outside 在外面在外面 He parked his car outside the heater. 他把汽车停在剧场外面。他把汽车停在剧场外面。
2、at 在在(小地点小地点) He is at home now. in 在在(大地点大地点) He is in China now. 在某一个地区之内在某一个地区之内 的方位的方位 Shanghai is in the east of China. to 表示在某一地区之表示在某一地区之 外的某方位外的某方位 Japan lies to the east of China. on 两地接壤两地接壤 The boat is on the river.那条船在河上。那条船在河上。 在上面在上面 (表面接触表面接触) North Korea is on the northeast of China.
3、 beneath 在在.下面下面 (表面接触表面接触) The paper is beneath the book. above 在上方在上方 (不接触不接触) (可指温度海拔等可指温度海拔等 刻度刻度) The plane flew above the clouds. 飞机在云上飞行。飞机在云上飞行。 The altitude of the mountain is 300 meters above sea level. below 在下方在下方 (不接触不接触) (可指温度海拔等可指温度海拔等 刻度刻度) The sun sinks below the horizon. 太阳沉没在地平线下。
4、太阳沉没在地平线下。 Your temperature is below 37C. over 在（正）上方在（正）上方 (垂直垂直) There are several bridges over the river. 河上有好几座桥。河上有好几座桥。 under 在（正）下方在（正）下方 (垂直垂直) The boat sailed under the bridge. 船在桥下行驶。船在桥下行驶。 behind 在后面在后面 （外部）（外部） Olive hid behind a tree. 奥列弗藏在一棵树后面。奥列弗藏在一棵树后面。 before 在在.(外部外部)之前之前 (指时间较多指
5、时间较多) He made a speech before a large audience. 他在许多观众面前发表了讲话。他在许多观众面前发表了讲话。 near/nearby 在附近在附近 (有一定距离有一定距离) I dont need a car because I live near the city centre . 我不需要汽车，因为我住在靠近市中心我不需要汽车，因为我住在靠近市中心 by/beside 在旁边在旁边 ( (可能触摸到可能触摸到) ) Our house is by the river.我们的房子在河边。我们的房子在河边。 Come and sit beside m
6、e.过来坐在我旁边。过来坐在我旁边。 next to 紧挨紧挨. ( (触手可及触手可及) ) My best friend sits next to me in class. 上课时我最好的朋友坐在我的旁边。上课时我最好的朋友坐在我的旁边。 against 紧靠，依靠紧靠，依靠 The man leans against the wall. between 在之间（指二在之间（指二 者）者） The letter B is between A and C. 字母字母 B 在在 A 和和 C 之间。之间。 among 在之间（指三在之间（指三 者或三者以上）者或三者以上） The house
7、stands among the trees. 房子在树丛中。房子在树丛中。 round/around/about 在在.周围周围 (指时间时表示大指时间时表示大 约约) There is a road around/round/about the school.学校周围有条路。学校周围有条路。 It is round/around/about six oclock 大约大约 6 点钟点钟 across from/opposite 在在.对面对面 There is a tall building across from/opposite the bank.这家银行对面有一座高层建筑物。这家银行
8、对面有一座高层建筑物。 He sat opposite me on the train. on the left 在左边在左边 There is a tree on the left of the house. on the right 在右边在右边 There are some bikes on the right of the road. in the middle of 在在.中间中间 The playground is in the middle of the school. at the back of 在在.(内部内部)后方后方 The woman is at the back o
9、f the bus. in the front of 在在.(内部内部)前方前方 The driver is at the front of the bus. in front of 在在.(外部外部)前方前方 There is a tree in front of my house. on the corner of 在在.拐角上拐角上 The coffee shop is on the corner of the street (2)表方向 介词 意义 图示 例句 along/down 沿着沿着 Walk along/down this street, then turn left, yo
10、u can see the post office. 沿着这条街走，然后向右拐，你就可以看到沿着这条街走，然后向右拐，你就可以看到 邮局。邮局。 across 横过、越过横过、越过 (穿过平面穿过平面) If the road is busy, dont walk across it. 如果道路拥挤，就不要横穿马路。如果道路拥挤，就不要横穿马路。 through 穿过穿过(穿过空穿过空 间间) We drove through the tunnel. 我们开车穿过了隧道。我们开车穿过了隧道。 past 从某事物的一旁从某事物的一旁 经过经过 The car drove past my hous
11、e.这辆车开过了这辆车开过了 我家。我家。 over 从平面的一边到从平面的一边到 另一边或跨越过另一边或跨越过 某一高度某一高度 The dog jumped over the fence.这只狗跳过这只狗跳过 了栅栏。了栅栏。 into 进入到进入到之内之内 They put the apples into the baskets. 他们把苹果放进篮子里。他们把苹果放进篮子里。 out of 从出来从出来 Dont look out of the window in class. 上课时不要朝窗外看。上课时不要朝窗外看。 onto 到另一个平面上到另一个平面上 Dont jump onto
12、 the desk.不要跳到桌子上。不要跳到桌子上。 off 脱离某一地方脱离某一地方 He got off the bus just now.他刚才下了公交他刚才下了公交 车。车。 up 向上向上 The monkeys climbed up the trees to pick the bananas. 猴子爬上树上去摘香蕉。猴子爬上树上去摘香蕉。 down 向下向下 The ball is rolling down the hill. 球正往山下滚。球正往山下滚。 round/around 围绕围绕 All sat around the table. 所有的人围绕着桌子坐。所有的人围绕着桌
13、子坐。 to 到到.去去 He took a flight from Beijing to Shanghai.他坐他坐 飞机从北京到上海飞机从北京到上海 from 从从.来来 towards(美美)/ toward(英英) 向向.，朝着，接近，朝着，接近 The teacher walked towards me.这个老师向这个老师向 我走来。我走来。 away from 从从.离去离去 He took the ball away from the table. 3.总结 方位介词练习 一、根据中文提示，用适当的方位介词填空： 1. There is a big pear tree _ (在的
14、前面) my house. 2. Who was _ (在的后面) you when you were waiting in a line? 3. Whats _(在的下面)the desk? 4. The children are playing hide-and-seek. Maomao is hiding himself _(在里)the wardrobe. 5. The tallest boy in my class sits _ (在的隔壁) me. 6. They are standing _ the door. (在外面) 二、用适当的介词填空： 1. You cant see
15、the ball. Its _ the door. 2. Shall we meet _ the gate of the cinema? 3. Is he playing _ the street or _ the road? 4. Are they _ a factory or _ a farm? 5. I sit _ the twins. The elder sister is _ my left and the younger one is_ my right. 6. The big tree _ our classroom is nearly 100 years old. 7. The
16、 teacher is writing on the blackboard _ the classroom. 8. - Where is the light? - Its just _ the table. 9. - Where are the lamps? - They are _ the desks. 10. A plane is flying _ the clouds. 三、翻译句子： 1. 梅梅坐在我的前面，我坐在她的后面。 _ 2.她正在学校门口等着妈妈。 _ 3. 迈克坐在吉姆和萨姆之间。 _ 4. 医院对面有一家银行。 _ 5. 盒子里有什么？ _ 6. 讲台上有些彩色的图片。
17、_ 7.看，孩子们跑进了屋子。 _ 8.我正站在玩具店的外面。 _ 9. 床下有双运动鞋。 _ 10.黑板在教室的前面。 _ 11.教室前面有棵大树。 _ 12.那条河上有座桥。 _ 13. 餐桌上面悬挂着一盏灯。 _ 14. 许多鸟正从我们的头上飞过。 _ 四、根据所给图片及英文提示完成句子 1. car, run, bridge _ 2. bus, in front of, hospital _ 3. plane, fly, forest _ 4. cake, in the box _ 5. dog, lying, the table _ 中考练兵 ( ) 1. The birds fly
18、 _ the woods. A. above B. on C. under D. inside ( ) 2. - Can you see the hole _ the wall? (河南) A. on B. in C. among D. between ( ) 3. There is a map _ the wall. (北京) A. on B. from C. in D. at ( ) 4. - Where is Lily? - We are all here _ her. (辽宁) A. beside B. about C. except D. with ( ) 5. Miss Gao i
19、s standing _ all her students. A. between B. middle C. centre D. among ( ) 6. - Guess, how much does it cost? （广东） - I think it costs _ 15 and 20 dollars. A. from B. between C. among D. with ( ) 7. Some shops open _ 10 a.m. and 3:30 p. m. during the Spring Festival holidays. （山东） A. at B. between C.
20、 from D. about 第三大题参考答案 1. Meimei sits in front of me and I sit behind her. 2. She is waiting for her mother at the school gate. 3. Mike sits between Jim and Sam. 4. The hospital is opposite a bank. 5. Whats in the box? 6. There are some colourful pictures on the teachers desk. 7. Look! The children
21、 are running into the house. 8. Im standing outside the toy shop. 9. There is a pair of trainers under the bed. 10. The blackboard is in the front of the classroom. 11. A big tree is in front of the classroom. 12. There is a bridge over the river. 13. There is a light over the table. 14. A lot of birds are flying over our heads.
