1、How do you go to school / work? I go to school by _. subway ferry taxi train bike bus How do you most like to travel by? I most like to travel by _. plane train car coach flight n. 航班；飞行航班；飞行 pilot n. 飞行员飞行员 succeed v. 成功；做成成功；做成 school-leaver n. 毕业生毕业生 flight because of direct pilot succeed as long
2、 as school-leaver exactly n. 航班；飞行航班；飞行 因为；由于因为；由于 adv. 径直地；直接地径直地；直接地 n. 飞行员飞行员 v. 成功；做成成功；做成 只要只要 n. 毕业生毕业生 adv.确切地；完全；确切地；完全； (表赞同表赞同)确实如此确实如此 1. I most like to travel by _. 2. I least like to travel by _. 3. I travel most often by _. 4. I travel least often by _. 1. Complete the sentences so the
3、y are true for you. 1. The flight takes about _ hours. 2. Time difference: _ hours. 3. Flight number: _ 4. From _ to _ 5. Leave at (new time): _ 6. Arrive at (new time): _ 2. Listen and complete the notes. 10 8 CA938 London Beijing 11:30 p.m. 5:30 p.m. Learning to learn When you listen to the record
4、ing, try to note down the key information. Your notes will then help you retell the main information. Lingling went to see her grandparents in Henan province by train. The train was full of people, and she had to stand for over three hours. Its the busiest season in China because of the Spring Festi
5、val. Tony went to stay with his family in the UK. Hes flying back today. Daming flew direct to Hong Kong and the plane left a bit late too! He took a boat to Lantau Island and went to Disneyland. Betty toured the city by bus and by taxi. She took a tour by coach to the Summer Palace and went for a l
6、ong walk around the lake. Now complete the table. Holiday activities Lingling went to see her grandparents in Henan Province by train Tony went to stay with his family in the UK. Holiday activities Daming Betty flew direct to Hong Kong and took a boat to Lantau Island and went to Disneyland. toured
7、the city by bus and by taxi, took a tour by coach to the Summer Palace and went for a long walk around the lake. 1. When do you think the conversation takes place? When they get back to school after the winter holidays. 4. Answer the questions. 2. According to Lingling, why is travel so difficult in
8、 winter? They are looking forward to the school-leavers party at the end of the term. 3. What are Daming and Betty looking forward to at the end of the term? Its the busiest season in China because of the Spring Festival. 5. Choose the correct answer. direct exactly pilot succeed 1. When you fly dir
9、ect, you _. a) arrive without stopping at another place b) stop at another place before you arrive 2. When you say Exactly, it means _. a) you do not agree b) you completely agree 3. The pilot of plane _ . a) flies it b) gives you food and drink during the flight 4. If you succeed in doing something
10、, you _. a) manage to do it b) nearly do it Not bad! It was great fun! How about you? Wed better get back to work. Well have a great time! Lingling: How about you, Betty? Betty: We had quite a good time in Beijing. We toured the city by bus and by taxi. Last weekend, we took a tour by coach to the S
11、ummer Palace and went for a long walk around the lake. 6. Listen and mark the pauses. Lingling: That sounds great! But now, wed better get back to work . Were going to have a big exam at the end of the term. Now listen and repeat. Lingling: How about you, Betty? Betty: We had quite a good time in Be
12、ijing. We toured the city by bus and by taxi. Last weekend, we took a tour by coach to the Summer Place and went for a long walk around the lake. Lingling: That sounds great! But now, wed better get back to work . Were going to have a big exam at the end of the term. Ask and answer about what you di
13、d during the winter holiday. What did you do during the winter holiday? I went to see my grandparents in Xian. 7. Work in pairs. Talk about your winter holiday. Talk about what happened during the trip. The train was full of people and I had to stand for three hours! 1. But the pilot succeeded in la
14、nding on time. 不过飞行员成功地按时着陆了。不过飞行员成功地按时着陆了。 succeed in doing表示“成功地表示“成功地 做做。 e.g. He succeed in working out the maths problem. 他成功地解出了这道数学题。他成功地解出了这道数学题。 We finally succeed in getting little Johnny up the stairs. 我们最后成功地让小约翰尼上了楼梯。我们最后成功地让小约翰尼上了楼梯。 2. Theres nothing to worry about as long as you work
15、 hard.只要你努力，只要你努力， 没什么好担心的。没什么好担心的。 as long as在这里引导条件状语从句，在这里引导条件状语从句， 表示“只要”，也可以用表示“只要”，也可以用so long as表表 示示 同样的意思。同样的意思。 e.g. You can invite your friends as / so long as you tell me two days before the party. 你可以邀请朋友来，只要在聚会前你可以邀请朋友来，只要在聚会前 两天告诉我就行。两天告诉我就行。 My parents dont care what job I do as / so
16、 long as Im happy. 我父母对我从事什么工作无所谓，我父母对我从事什么工作无所谓， 只要我开心就好了。只要我开心就好了。 名词名词 名词有可数与不可数之分，有数和所有格名词有可数与不可数之分，有数和所有格 的变化，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语的变化，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语 补足语、表语、同位语等。补足语、表语、同位语等。 1. 可数名词与不可数名词可数名词与不可数名词 很多情况下，我们可以依靠常识很多情况下，我们可以依靠常识(即用即用 数数的办法数数的办法)来判断英语名词是否可数。来判断英语名词是否可数。 比如，比如，book, table 都是可数名词而都是可数名词而w
17、ater 是不可数名词。一般来说，在英语中物是不可数名词。一般来说，在英语中物 质名词和抽象名词都是不可数名词，如质名词和抽象名词都是不可数名词，如 flour, rice, beauty, pleasure, money等。等。 学习名词必须区分其是否可数。只有可学习名词必须区分其是否可数。只有可 数名词前才可以使用数词和不定冠词。数名词前才可以使用数词和不定冠词。 值得注意的是，有时同一个单词所指不值得注意的是，有时同一个单词所指不 同，其数的概念也就不同。同，其数的概念也就不同。 例如，例如，paper作作 “纸”“纸” 解时为不可数名解时为不可数名 词，表示词，表示 “报纸”“报纸”
18、和和 “试卷”“试卷” 时是可时是可 数名词；数名词；fish 指指 “鱼肉”“鱼肉” 时是不可数名时是不可数名 词，表示“鱼”时是可数名词，只不过词，表示“鱼”时是可数名词，只不过 通常是单复数同形；通常是单复数同形；coffee做做 “咖啡”“咖啡” 解时是不可数名词，表示解时是不可数名词，表示 “一杯咖啡”“一杯咖啡” 时是可数名词。时是可数名词。 2. 名词的数名词的数 对于可数名词数的变化，一要掌握对于可数名词数的变化，一要掌握 规则变化，即名词后面加规则变化，即名词后面加-s或者或者-es 的情况；二要掌握不规则变化，包括的情况；二要掌握不规则变化，包括 man-men, woma
19、n-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, child- children等；三要掌握单复数同形的单等；三要掌握单复数同形的单 词，如词，如sheep等。除此之外，还应注意等。除此之外，还应注意 以下几点：以下几点： (1) 在一般情况下，复合名词的单复数在一般情况下，复合名词的单复数 形式体现在最后一个名词上，如形式体现在最后一个名词上，如a pencil boxpencil boxes, a girl studentgirl students。但是如果是。但是如果是 由由man或或woman构成的复合名词，构成的复合名词， 如如a man do
20、ctor, a woman teacher， 其复数形式则为其复数形式则为men doctors, women teachers。 (2) 有些名词往往以复数形式出现，如有些名词往往以复数形式出现，如 trousers, glasses(眼镜眼镜)，在表示数量，在表示数量 时需要借助量词，如时需要借助量词，如a pair of trousers, three pairs of trousers。 (3) 有些名词表示复数概念，往往作为有些名词表示复数概念，往往作为 一个整体看待，如一个整体看待，如police, people。 这些单词没有复数形式，但是其后这些单词没有复数形式，但是其后 面的
21、谓语动词却多为复数形式。面的谓语动词却多为复数形式。 例如：例如：The police have caught the thief. Many people have seen the film. 如果要如果要 表达单个数量只能换用其他单词。例如：表达单个数量只能换用其他单词。例如： “一名警察”“一名警察” 是是a policeman /policeman，“一个人”，“一个人” 可以是可以是a person, a man, a woman等。不过要注等。不过要注 意，意，people作作 “民族，种族”“民族，种族” 解时，解时， 是可数名词，复数形式是是可数名词，复数形式是peoples
22、。 3. 名词的所有格名词的所有格 名词的所有格一般采用名词后加名词的所有格一般采用名词后加s的的 形式，如形式，如a childs dream, someones bag；以；以- s结尾的复数名词的所有格结尾的复数名词的所有格 直接加直接加 即可，如即可，如the boys schoolbags。 所有格表示的是所属关系，采用所有格表示的是所属关系，采用s结结 构的多为有生命的名词。如果是无生构的多为有生命的名词。如果是无生 命的名词，多采用命的名词，多采用 “of+名词”名词” 的方式的方式 表达。例如：表达。例如： the window of the house 房子的窗户房子的窗户
23、the end of the year 年末年末 the gate of our school 我们学校的大门我们学校的大门 注意，注意，a friend of my fathers 与与my fathers friend的含义不同，前者含有的含义不同，前者含有 “我父亲有不止一个朋友”的意思，而“我父亲有不止一个朋友”的意思，而 后者没有这一含义。后者没有这一含义。 4. 名词的句法功能名词的句法功能 名词的句法功能指名词可以充当的句名词的句法功能指名词可以充当的句 子成分，常见的有：子成分，常见的有： (1)主语主语 The flight takes about thirteen hour
24、s. 航程需要大约航程需要大约13个小时。个小时。 Mr Wang teaches us English. 王老师教我们英语。王老师教我们英语。 (2)宾语宾语 Many people were helping the old man when I passed. 我路过的时候，许多人在帮助这位老我路过的时候，许多人在帮助这位老 人。人。 He has become very interested in chess recently. 最近他对国际象棋产生了很大的兴趣。最近他对国际象棋产生了很大的兴趣。 (3) 宾语补足语宾语补足语 We all call him Xiao Li. 我们都叫他
25、小李。我们都叫他小李。 (4) 表语表语 My younger brother is a policeman. 我弟弟是警察。我弟弟是警察。 Write something about your journey. Do you like to travel by train? Say something about your journey by train. take care sir officer stupid take off jacket 当心；小心 n. 先生；长官 n. 军官；官员；警察 adj. 笨的；糊涂的 脱去 n. 短上衣；夹克 1. gets up and starts
26、 to 2. looks for his ticket 3. goes past people. 4. gets on the train 1. Look at the expressions from the play in Activity 2. What do you think the play will be about? 2. Read the play and number the expressions in Activity 1 in the order they appear. 1. gets up and starts to 2. looks for his ticket
27、 3. goes past people. 4. gets on the train 3 2 4 1 1. Where are Li Lin and Li Wei? a) They are at home. b) They are at the railway station. c) They are on the train. d) They are in a car. 3. Choose the correct answer. 2. Who is Li Wei? a) She is Li Lins sister. b) She is Li Lins friend. c) He is Li
28、Lins father. d) He is Li Lins classmate. 3. Why is the elderly man sitting in Li Lins seat? a) Because he did not buy a ticket. b) Because he is too tired to move. c) Because he thinks it is his seat. d) Because he cannot find his seat. 4. What does the elderly man want to do? a) Take the seat. b) G
29、o and find Car 9. c) Change seats with Li Lin. d) Buy another ticket. 5. What does Li Lin decide to do? a) Take the seat from the elderly man. b) Ask the ticket officer for help. c) Change seats with the elderly man. d) Get off the train. 6. Who does Li Lin meet in Car 9? a) Li Wei. b) His friend. c
30、) Another elderly man. d) His classmate. 4. Complete the passage with the words and expressions in the box. afraid miss officer sir take care take off Li Lin says goodbye to his sister Li Wei. Li Lin says that he will (1) _ his family, and Li Wei tells him to (2) _. miss take care When Li Lin gets o
31、n the train, he sees an elderly man sitting in his seat. He politely calls the elderly man (3) _ and says he is (4) _ the elderly man is sitting in his seat. The ticket (5) _ arrives and explains the mistake. sir afraid officer Li Lin kindly offers to change seats with the elderly man, and goes to C
32、ar 9. There he sees his friend Wen Peng, who is happy to see him and tells him to (6) _ his jacket, sit down and make himself comfortable. take off when and where you went how you travelled who travelled with you what happened during the trip how the story ended 5. Write a short play about a trip yo
33、u have made. Think about: 1. Car 9, Seat 12A. 9车厢，车厢，12A座。座。 这里的这里的car指火车车厢。指火车车厢。 e.g. She went to the dining car for lunch. 她去餐车车厢吃午饭了。她去餐车车厢吃午饭了。 2. Please have your tickets ready. 请大家准备好车票。 have sth. ready表示“把某物准备好”。 e.g. We had a room ready for you. 我们给你准备了一个房间。 3. Oh, its a long story 哦，说来话长 i
34、ts a long story常用在口语中，表示某 事可能很复杂，一言难尽。 e.g. Why have you only got one shoe on? 你为什么只穿了一只鞋？ Its a long story. 说起来话可就长了。 数词 对于数词，主要需掌握两点：一是基数 词与序数词的表达方式，二是数词的基 本用法。 1. 基数词与序数词 注意基数词与序数词的不同写法，尤 其要注意以下几组： one-first; two-second; three-third four-fourth; fourteen-fourteenth; forty- fortieth five-fifth; ei
35、ght-eighth; nine-ninth; twelve-twelfth 2. 数词的用法 英语中数词可以在句子作定语、主 语、宾语、状语等。 (1) 作定语 He has three children, and they all go to Park School. 他有三个孩子，都在帕克学校上学。 (2) 作主语 In this accident, four were killed and fifteen were badly wounded. 在这场事故中，4人丧生，15人重伤。 (3) 作宾语 He has eaten two eggs and I have eaten three
36、. 他吃了两个鸡蛋，我吃了三个。 (第一个数词作定语，第二个数词 作宾语) (4) 作状语 First, open the book, second, read the sentences. 首先打开书，然后读句子。 hundred, thousand, million与数词连用时 通常不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数 百、数千、数百万这样的泛词概念时， 则用复数。 two (several) hundred / thousand / million students两(几)百/千/百万名学生(表示具 体的数目) hundreds / thousands / millions of stude
37、nts 几百/成千上万/数百万名学生(表示概数) 在以名词为中心，前面有冠词、数词以及 形容词的结构中，这些词语的排列顺序为： “冠词+数词+形容词+名词”。例如：the three little pigs。 Finish your play in Activity 5. Talk about your journey by car / train / plane. He went to stay with his family in the UK. Why is travel so difficult in winter? We flew direct to Hong Kong. We to
38、ok a tour by coach to the Summer Palace. Then we took a boat to Lantau Island and went to Disneyland. This is Seat 12A, but you should be in Car 9. This is Car 8. 冠词冠词 英语中的冠词有三种英语中的冠词有三种, 一种是定冠词一种是定冠词 the, 另一种是不定冠词另一种是不定冠词a / an，还有一种，还有一种 是零冠词是零冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法：一、不定冠词的用法： an, a是不定冠词是不定冠词, 仅用在单数可数名词仅用在单
39、数可数名词 前面前面, 表示“一”的意义表示“一”的意义, 但不强调数目。但不强调数目。 a用在以辅音（指辅音音素）开头的词用在以辅音（指辅音音素）开头的词 前前, an用在以元音（指元素音素）开头用在以元音（指元素音素）开头 的词前的词前, 如：如：a boy, an hour, a university, an elephant。 1. 表示人或事物的某一类。表示人或事物的某一类。 A plane is a machine that can fly. 2. 表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个。表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个。 This is an apple. 3. 泛指某人或某物但不具体说明
40、何人何泛指某人或某物但不具体说明何人何 物。物。 A man is waiting for you there. 4. 表示“一个”的意思。表示“一个”的意思。 My father will be back in a week. 5. 有时也表示“每”的意思。有时也表示“每”的意思。 We have three meals a day. 二、定冠词的基本用法：二、定冠词的基本用法： 定冠词定冠词the与指示代词与指示代词this，that同源，同源， 有“这（那）个”的意思，与名词连用，有“这（那）个”的意思，与名词连用， 表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 1. 特
41、指某特指某(些些)人或某人或某(些些)事物。事物。 Pass me the apple, please. 2. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。 Where is the teacher? 3. 复述上文提过的人或事物。复述上文提过的人或事物。 I have a beautiful wallet, but the wallet was stolen yesterday. 4. 世界上独一无二的事物等（月亮、地世界上独一无二的事物等（月亮、地 球、天空、宇宙）。球、天空、宇宙）。 The sun rises in the east. The earth goes roun
42、d the sun. 5. 用在方位名词前用在方位名词前。 in the south, in the west, in the north, in the east 6. 用在序数词或形容词最高级前用在序数词或形容词最高级前。 The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class. He is the tallest one in our class. 7. 表示两者间“较表示两者间“较的一个”时用定的一个”时用定 冠冠 词词。 He is the taller of the two boys. 8. 用在单数可数名词前表示
43、一类人或事用在单数可数名词前表示一类人或事 物物。 The horse is a useful animal. 9. 定冠词用在形容词前定冠词用在形容词前, 表示一类人或东表示一类人或东 西西。 the rich, the poor, the deaf, the wounded 10. 用在姓氏的复数形式前表示一家人或用在姓氏的复数形式前表示一家人或 这一姓的夫妇二人这一姓的夫妇二人。 The Browns went to Beijing last Sunday. 11. 在西洋乐器前加在西洋乐器前加the。 the piano, the violin 12. 在习惯性短语中在习惯性短语中。
44、in the morning, in the afternoon 13. 在人或物后有限定性的后置定语在人或物后有限定性的后置定语。 The man standing by the gate is Toms father. 14. 在世纪，年代名词前用冠词在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。 in the 1980s或或in the 1980s in the nineteenth century 三、零冠词：三、零冠词： 1. 在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词。 The desk is made of wood. 2. 专有名词前不加冠词专有名词前不加冠词。 China, B
45、eijing, Mary 3. 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、定代名词前有物主代词、指示代词、定代 词、名词所有格修饰时不用冠词词、名词所有格修饰时不用冠词。 this, my, that, those, these, Toms 4. 月份月份, 星期星期, 季节前不用冠词季节前不用冠词。 Sunday March summer winter 5. 在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前不在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前不 用冠词用冠词。 My mother and father are school teachers. 6. 在在breakfast, lunch, supper三餐前不三餐前不 用冠词。
46、如这些词前有形容词修饰用冠词。如这些词前有形容词修饰 可用不定冠词可用不定冠词。 I have breakfast at seven every day. I had a good lunch yesterday. 7. 在球类，棋类名词前不用冠词在球类，棋类名词前不用冠词。 He often plays football after school. A: Im really looking forward to (1)_ summer holiday. Were taking (2)_ trip to (3)_ Paris! the a 1. Complete the conversatio
47、n with a, an, the or zero article where necessary. / B: How wonderful! Its (4)_ interesting and beautiful city. How long will (5)_ flight take? A: The flight takes about (6)_ hour. When we arrive, we will get to our hotel by (7)_ bus. (8)_ hotel is right in (9)_ centre of (10)_ city, so we can visit
48、 all the famous places. an the an / The the the B: Are you planning to visit (11)_ Louvre Museum? A: Yes, we are. / 1. Children have to go to school / the school when they are six years old. 2. Im a teacher at school / the school on the corner. 3. Hes got a lovely garden. Flowers / The flowers in it
49、 are really beautiful. 4. Make sure you get to the airport in time / in the time for your plane. 2. Underline the correct words. 5. How many CDs have you got? Only few / a few. 6. Thats most / the most interesting news Ive heard for a long time. 7. How long have Whites / the Whites lived here? 3. Complete the sentences with the words in the box. fight landed ready seat station tour 1. She had an importan
